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Rakastava

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rakastava
Suite byJean Sibelius
The composer in 1913
Opus14
Composed1912 (1912)
Movements3
Scoring
Rakastava
Choral composition byJean Sibelius
Composed
  • 1894 (men's chorus)
  • 1894 (men's chorus and string orchestra)
  • 1898 (mixed chorus)
Movements4
Scoring
  • men's chorus (1894)
  • men's chorus and string orchestra (1894)
  • mixed chorus (1898)

Rakastava (The Lover),Op. 14, is asuite byJean Sibelius. He completed it in 1912, scored forstring orchestra,percussion andtriangle. He based it on his earlier composition of the same title, a song cycle of four movements formen's chorusa cappella completed in 1894. The works are based on a Finnish text in Book 1 of theKanteletar.

History

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In 1894, Sibelius completedRakastava, a cycle of foura cappella songs formen's chorus on a Finnish text in Book 1 of the collection of Finnish folk poems, theKanteletar.[1][2] He first set it in 1894, as an entry for a local competition. He won the second prize, while the first prize went to his former teacher.[3] Sibelius arranged the cycle for men's chorus and string orchestra in 1894, and for mixed choir in 1898.[1]

Sibelius used the cycle as the basis for the orchestral suiteRakastava forstring orchestra,percussion andtriangle, to which he assigned theopus number 14. He completed it in 1912, when he also wrote hisFourth Symphony.[1][4] Sibelius often conducted the suite together with his symphonies because the piece "captivated audiences".[1]

Music

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Structure of the song cycle

[edit]
  1. Missä armahani
  2. Armahan kulku
  3. Hyvää iltaa lintuseni[1]

Structure of the suite

[edit]
  1. Rakastava, Andante con moto (common time, D minor)
  2. Rakastetun tie (The way of the lover), Allegretto (3
    4
    , B major)
  3. Hyvää iltaa ... Jää hyvästi (Good evening, farewell), Andantino (cut time, F major & D minor)[5]

In the first movement, the strings sound light and beautiful. The choral part of the second movement was changed to "murmurs on the strings and wonderfully flexible melodic progressions."[1] The third movement is deeply emotional as its model.[1]

Recordings

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The orchestral work was recorded along with other music by Sibelius, includingSnöfrid, the Cantata for the Coronation of Nicholas II,Oma maa (My country) andAndante Festivo.[3] On volume 54 of a complete Sibelius Edition byBIS,Osmo Vänskä conducts theLahti Symphony Orchestra. A review notes the works "ethereal polyphony" and compares it to the melancholy of theSixth Symphony.[6] The work was also recorded byNeville Marriner and the Academy of St Martin in the Fields, as well as bySusanna Mälkki and theHelsinki Philharmonic Orchestra.

Literature

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  • Tomi Mäkelä: "Jean Sibelius und seine Zeit" (German), Laaber-Verlag, Regensburg 2013

References

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  1. ^abcdefg"Other orchestral works / The Lover".Jean Sibelius. Finnish Club of Helsinki. Retrieved1 December 2015.
  2. ^Rakastava (The Lover). Oxford Dictionary of Music. 2007.ISBN 978-0-19-920383-3. Retrieved1 December 2015.
  3. ^abJohnston, Blair."Rakastava (The Lover), for male chorus (with or without string orchestra), JS 160".AllMusic. Retrieved7 December 2015.
  4. ^Dettmer, Roger."Jean Sibelius / Rakastava (The Lover), suite for string orchestra, triangle & timpani, Op. 14".AllMusic. Retrieved1 December 2015.
  5. ^Sibelius, Jean (1913).Rakastava – Miniature Score Edition. Breitkopf & Haertel.
  6. ^Barnett, Rob (2004)."Jean Sibelius (1865–1957)". musicweb-international.com. Retrieved7 December 2015.

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