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| Company type | State owned |
|---|---|
| Industry | Rail freight |
| Predecessor | Split off fromRailfreight in 1988. |
| Founded | 1987 |
| Defunct | 1995 |
| Fate | Split into regional sectors for privatisation |
| Successor | 1995:Freightliner (Intermodal) 1996:English Welsh & Scottish (Wagonload) |
| Services | Intermodal andWagonload freight |
| Parent | British Rail |
| Divisions | Speedlink (Wagonload) and Freightliner (Intermodal) |
Railfreight Distribution was a sub-sector ofBritish Rail, created by the division in 1987 of British Rail's previousRailfreight sector. It was responsible for non-trainload freight operations, as well as Freightliner andIntermodal services. In its early years, the division was occasionally referred to asSpeedlink Distribution. It was later responsible for freight operations through theChannel Tunnel.
In the 1980s, freight traffic on the railway was in decline, due to a mixture of increased competition fromroad transport, a shrinking network that had reduced rail's reach and a decline in the domestic manufacturing industry, reducing internal demands for raw materials and transport of finished product for export. By the late 1980s, British Rail In October 1988, took three troublesome divisions of their freight operations; Speedlink (wagonload), Freightliner (Container), Railfreight International (International traffic) and merged them into one entity, Railfreight Distribution.[1]
In 1991, following multiple years of losses, Speedlink was shut down. The losses were largely related to the costs involved withoperations atmarshalling yards and drop off and pick up of wagons at sidings amounted to 80% of total expenses. It was determined services only became economical if the wagons were moving over 500 miles (800 km), or in at least 10 wagon loads daily.[1] However, approximately 70% of former Speedlink traffic was transitioned to more efficient trainload operations via trunk-haul or contracted train-loads.[1] Railfreight Distribution turned its sights on theChannel Tunnel, which it would be responsible for conveying freight trains through, in cooperation with French train operatorSNCF. Lessons learned from the elimination of wagonload operations created a push to emphasise and expand long-distance trips, such as Freightliner container traffic from ports inFelixstowe,Southampton, andLondon Thamesport. This push also would position Railfreight Distribution for an expected increase in freight traffic fromEurope with the opening of the Channel Tunnel during the mid-1990s. However, this traffic would not materialize until after 2000.[1]
With theprivatisation of British Rail, theintermodal business was split off in 1995 to form a separate company calledFreightliner. In 1997, Railfreight Distribution was bought byEnglish Welsh & Scottish.[2]
By the end, the fleet included severalClass 47s, a group ofClass 86s, a singleClass 87 (87101), a fleet ofClass 90s, andClass 92s, most of which were in store awaiting acceptance. Some of these were owned byEuropean Passenger Services andSNCF and these were operated as a common user pool. The fleet was primarily based atTinsley andCrewe Electric Depots at the time of privatisation, although many other depots were utilised during Railfreight Distribution's existence, mainly forshunting locomotives.
In 1987, it introduced a new livery of two-tone grey similar to those adopted by theTrainload Freight andRailfreight General sub-sectors, with a logo consisting of two red diamonds on a yellow background offset on top of a red square. In 1992 in anticipation of the opening of the Channel Tunnel, the livery was revised to the 'European' version with a dark grey upper bodyside, a light grey lower bodyside, a blue coloured roof and 'Railfreight Distribution' lettering on the bodyside. Also in 1992, three Class 90/1s, (90128, 90129 and 90130), were given "continental" liveries ofNMBS/SNCB blue,Deutsche Bahn red andSNCF grey to mark the Freightconnection Conference. Each loco was named "Freightconnection" in the livery's appropriate language. These three Class 90s were later reverted to their original 90/0 configuration
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