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RAF Scampton

Coordinates:53°18′28″N000°33′03″W / 53.30778°N 0.55083°W /53.30778; -0.55083
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Royal Air Force station in Lincolnshire, England
"SQZ" redirects here. For the compression scheme, seeSQUOZE.

RAF Scampton
Formerly RFCS Brattleby
Scampton,Lincolnshire in England
The Red Arrows at their old home, RAF Scampton
Armatus non lacessitur
(Latin for 'An armed man is not attacked')[1][2]
RAF Scampton is located in Lincolnshire
RAF Scampton
RAF Scampton
Shown within Lincolnshire
Coordinates53°18′28″N000°33′03″W / 53.30778°N 0.55083°W /53.30778; -0.55083
TypeRoyal Air Force station
Site information
OwnerMinistry of Defence
OperatorRoyal Air Force
ConditionClosed
Site history
Built1916 (1916) and 1936
In use
  • 1916–1919
  • 1936–2023 (2023)
Airfield information
IdentifiersIATA: SQZ,ICAO: EGXP,WMO: 03373
Elevation62 metres (203 ft)AMSL
Runways
DirectionLength and surface
04/222,740 metres (8,990 ft) Asphalt

Royal Air Force Scampton orRAF Scampton (formerlyIATA:SQZ,ICAO:EGXP) is a formerRoyal Air Forcestation located adjacent to theA15 road near to the village ofScampton,Lincolnshire, and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west of thecity ofLincoln, England.[3]

RAF Scampton stood on the site of aFirst World WarRoyal Flying Corps landing field, which had been called Brattleby.[4] The station was closed and returned toagriculture following the First World War, and reactivated in the 1930s. It has provided an airfield for fighters in the First World War, bombers during theSecond World War andV-forceAvro Vulcans during theCold War.

The station was temporarily closed in 1996, but subsequently re-opened to provide a home for the RAF Aerobatic Team theRed Arrows, and to private companies, temporarily, such asHawker Hunter Aviation, for the maintenance and storage of aircraft.[5][6]

In July 2018, theMinistry of Defence announced that Scampton would close and be sold, with all units relocated elsewhere.[7] The station closed on 31 March 2023.[8]

History

[edit]

First World War

[edit]

Home Defence Flight Station Brattleby (also known as Brattleby Cliff) was opened on the site of the current RAF Scampton in late 1916. The airfield was bounded to the east by Ermine Street, to the south by Pollyplatt Lane, to the west by Middle Street, and to the north byAisthorpe House.[5] The form of the airfield was very similar to that of Hackthorn Park to the north east, which is likely to have been created in the same way.[5] In addition to field boundaries, a number of other features were demolished or used for the airfield, including Aisthorpe House and a farm complex to the east of the site.[5]

The aerodrome covered 116 hectares (287 acres) consisting of a landing ground and six single-span end-opening General Service Flight Sheds arranged in pairs with their doors at 90° to the landing ground. Technical buildings were set out behind these, followed by domestic accommodation close to Ermine Street. These were subdivided into smaller groups depending on rank. Accommodation for women was based around a Women's Hostel.[5]

The first operational unit was A Flight,No. 33 Squadron of theRoyal Flying Corps, which flew theRoyal Aircraft Factory F.E.2b, defending against theZeppelin threat.[4] The site then developed into a training aerodrome, supporting No. 60 Training Squadron, followed by No. 81 and No. 11 Training Squadrons, flying theSopwith Camel,Pup andDolphin. The station was renamed as Scampton in 1917 following which it was designated as34 Training Depot Station and continued with its operational programme until it was closed in April 1919.[9]

All of the buildings on the airfield were temporary, even the hedgerows and trees which existed around the field boundaries were retained, so that between the wars the area was returned to its previous form. By 1920 all the buildings, including the hangars, had been removed.[10][11]

Inter-war period

[edit]

By 1936, theRoyal Air Force Expansion Scheme had overseen a period of rapid increases both in terms of new squadrons and the development of new stations.[5] The former Brattleby site was one of many earmarked under the expansion programme, situated between three villages;Aisthorpe,Brattleby andScampton, with its main entrance situated on theA15 road(Ermine Street) heading north fromLincoln. The site was to be constructed to the latest specifications and on completion would form a fully equipped bomber station. From its reopening in August 1936, the station was known asRoyal Air Force Station Scampton.[9]

The station consisted of four largeC-Type hangars with permanent brick-built technical and domestic buildings. The remaining aerodrome buildings (for technical activities and accommodation) were built in a compact layout behind the hangars, in an arrangement replicated across all of the expansion period airfields: Technical Area, Station Offices, Officers' Mess, Sergeants' Mess, Airmen's' Quarters, Married Quarters, and Officers' Married Quarters.[5] Roads were arranged eitherparallel orperpendicular to Ermine Street(A15) with the Guardroom at 90° to the main entrance and the Station Headquarters facing Ermine Street.[5] This resulted in the base occupying an area of 150 hectares (360 acres).[5]

As it developed, RAF Scampton made an increasingly dramatic imposition on the surrounding rural landscape, such as to theLincolnshire Edge, aJurassiclimestone ridge, which forms the distinctive backbone of the county from Whitton on the Humber Estuary in the north, down toGrantham in the south.[5] Along the top of the Edge, a series of airfields were developed, includingRAF Waddington,RAF Cranwell and RAF Scampton.[5]

Upon opening,No. 9 Squadron andNo. 214 Squadron were the first residents of the station, arriving in October 1936, operating theHandley Page Heyford andVickers Virginia. No. 9 Squadron stayed at Scampton until March 1938, No. 214 Squadron having departed forRAF Feltwell in April 1937. Another squadron which was stationed at the base wasNo. 148 Squadron formed from C Flt of No. 9 Squadron operating theHawker Audax and later theVickers Wellesley. The term of residence of No. 148 Squadron was brief being replaced byNo. 49 Squadron andNo. 83 Squadron in March 1938. At this time both No. 49 Squadron and No. 83 Squadron were operating theHawker Hind, before re-equipping with theHandley Page Hampden.[10][12]

Second World War

[edit]

1939–1942

[edit]
An 83 Squadron Handley Page Hampden and crew, pictured at Scampton, October 1940

At the outbreak of theSecond World War, Scampton transferred toNo. 5 Group withinRAF Bomber Command, playing host to the Hampdens of No. 49 Squadron and No. 83 Squadron. On 3 September 1939, six hours after the declaration of war, RAF Scampton launched the first offensive by the RAF when six Hampdens of No. 83 Squadron, led by (the then)Flying OfficerGuy Gibson and three No. 49 Squadron Hampdens, one piloted by Flying OfficerRoderick Learoyd, were despatched to conduct a sweep offWilhelmshaven in Germany. Further operations involving Scampton's squadrons concerned them with the hazardous task of low level minelaying (code named 'Gardening').[13]

For a short time the station was home to theAvro Manchester, operated by No. 49 Squadron and No. 83 Squadron. This was a brief liaison, with the squadrons subsequently converting to theAvro Lancaster. Forming No. 83 Conversion Flight (CF) on 11 April 1942, which in turn was followed by No. 49 CF on 16 May, both squadrons were fully equipped with the Lancaster by the end of June. It was during this period that No. 83 Squadron took delivery of Lancaster Mk.IR5868 which would one day become the Station's gate guardian.[14]

In turn both resident squadrons were then replaced at Scampton byNo. 57 Squadron.[11][13] The first departure was that of No. 83 Squadron which left in August 1942, transferring toRAF Wyton in order to become part of the fledglingPathfinder Force. This departure resulted in No. 83 CF moving toRAF Wigsley, where it was disbanded into No. 1654 Heavy Conversion Unit. On 2 January 1943, No. 49 Squadron departed forRAF Fiskerton with No. 49 CU disbanding, subsequently becoming 'C' Flight of No. 1661 Heavy Conversion Unit atRAF Waddington. By early January 1943 this left No. 57 Squadron as the sole occupier of the base.[15]

The grave of Guy Gibson's dog

1943–1945

[edit]

Following the development of theUpkeep bouncing bomb,No. 617 Squadron, originally referred to as "Squadron X", was formed at Scampton in order to carry out the proposed raid, codenamedOperation Chastise. More commonly referred to as the "Dambusters Raid", the raid would go down as the most famous and widely remembered in the history of the RAF.[16]

On the night of 16–17 May 1943, No. 617 Squadron despatched nineteen Lancasters from Scampton. Led byWing Commander Guy Gibson, the main bulk of the squadron attacked theSorpe,Eder andMöhne dams with an additional aircraft tasked to perform an attack on the Schwelm Dam.[17] Both theEder andMöhne dams were breached, however eight of the Lancasters despatched failed to return and fifty-three aircrew were lost. Following the raid Wing Commander Gibson was awarded theVictoria Cross, becoming Scampton's third recipient of the award. On the day of the raid, Wing Commander Gibson's dog,Nigger, was run over and killed on theA15 outside the entrance to the base. He was buried later that night, his grave situated outside Gibson's office at No. 3 Hangar.[18]

One of a series of iconic images of the members of 617 Squadron taken at RAF Scampton on 22 July 1943, and featuring (left to right) Wing Commander Guy Gibson; Pilot Officer P.M. Spafford; Flight Lieutenant R. E. G. Hutchinson; Pilot Officer G. A. Deering and Flying Officer H. T. Taerum.

In July 1943, No. 617 Squadron was again involved in a precision operation, when twelve aircraft of the squadron took off from Scampton to attack targets in Northern Italy, following which the aircraft continued on to North Africa. The operation met little opposition but the targets were obscured by valley haze and they were not destroyed. The twelve crews returned to Scampton on 25 July from North Africa after bombingLeghorn docks on the return journey. Later in the month nine aircraft took off from Scampton to drop leaflets onMilan,Bologna,Genoa andTurin in Italy. All aircraft completed the mission and landed safely inBlida, Algeria.[19]

At the end of August 1943, No. 57 Squadron and No. 617 Squadron moved toRAF East Kirkby andRAF Coningsby respectively, so that Scampton's runways could be upgraded. With the increased all up weight of the Lancaster it was apparent that the load bearing of hardened runways would be required.[20] The airfield closed at the end of August 1943 for the work to take place re-opening in October 1944. Three concrete runways were laid out. The three runways available were: 05/23 at 2,000 yd (1,828.8 m), 01/19 at 1,500 yd (1,371.6 m) and 11/29 at 1,400 yd (1,280.2 m). A total of eleven loop hard-standings were laid down along the perimeter track to replace those lost or isolated by the construction. The work also saw new bomb stores constructed on land north of the north-west corner of the airfield. The personnel at Scampton at this time was given as 1,844 males and 268 females.[21] On completion of the required work the area of land which the base occupied had now increased to 230 hectares (580 acres).[5]

Following the work control of the station passed from No. 5 Group toNo. 1 Group[22] with a new arrival following the upgrade being No. 1690 Bomber Defence Training Flight (BDTF) which arrived on 13 July 1944. The BDTF operated theSupermarine Spitfire,Hawker Hurricane andMiles Martinet, the flight undertaking fighter affiliation against bombers. This unit stayed at the station until September 1944, when it moved toRAF Metheringham. It was replaced by No. 1687 BDTF, which arrived in early December 1944, and departed forRAF Hemswell in April 1945.[23] Two Lancaster squadrons,No. 153 Squadron, and laterNo. 625 Squadron, of No. 1 Group also arrived at Scampton.[24]

The last bombing mission of the Second World War launched from RAF Scampton was on 25 April 1945, when aircraft from No. 153 Squadron and No. 625 Squadron were despatched as part of theBombing of Obersalzberg.[25] During the war RAF Scampton lost a total of 551 aircrew and 266 aircraft.[25] Of these 155 were Hampdens and fifteen Manchesters.[21]

Post-Second World War

[edit]

Following the end of hostilities No. 153 Squadron disbanded on 28 September 1945,[26] followed by No. 625 Squadron on 7 October.[27] The station continued to operate theLancaster whenNo. 100 Squadron arrived in December 1945.[28] They were to be the last Lancaster squadron on the station, departing forRAF Lindholme in May 1946.[28] Returning to their former home in December 1945, No. 57 Squadron introduced theAvro Lincoln to the station.[15]

A B-29 of the28th Bombardment Group,718th Bombardment Squadron at RAF Scampton

From July 1948, Scampton was home to the28th Bombardment Group of theUnited States Air Force (USAF), operating theBoeing B-29 Superfortresses as part of a network of Emergency War Plan Airfields. With its main runway less than 6,000 ft (1,800 m) in length and a chronic shortage of suitable hardstandings, Scampton was far from ideal as a base for the thirty USAF and RAF B-29 Superfortresses, the latter's known as "Washington B.1". In January 1949, as circumstances changed, the USAF squadrons were withdrawn and RAF Scampton was handed back to the RAF.[29]

Cold War

[edit]

1950s

[edit]

During this period RAF Scampton was supporting fourEnglish Electric Canberra squadrons;[30]No. 10 Squadron,No. 18 Squadron,No. 21 Squadron andNo. 27 Squadron.[30] The Canberras moved out in 1955 when the station was earmarked as aV-bomber base, in the case of Scampton, theAvro Vulcan.[31][5] This required extensive new ground facilities, including a high security area for the storage and maintenance ofnuclear weapons and heavy-duty hardstandings for the aircraft.[5]

An Avro Vulcan B.2 of617 Squadron

The first nuclear weapons to be delivered to Scampton arrived during 1958 and comprised twenty kiloton (20kt) atomic bombs given theRainbow Code,Blue Danube. They were replaced by the smallerYellow Sun Stage 1 (Mk.1) which were the first of the UK's operationalthermonuclear weapons. The development of the stand-off nuclear missileBlue Steel required the construction of new specialist buildings: the Missile Servicing and Storage Building (MSSB) which was erected between the main hangars and the airfield, and the highly volatileHigh Test Peroxide (HTP) andkerosene fuel storage buildings which were located at some distance from the MSSB.[5]

Additional structures and parts of the layout were also altered. In particular the runway was rearranged to a NE/SW (current designation alignment 04/22)[32] and extended to 9,000 feet (2,740 m). This caused the runway to project beyond the north east corner of the base and required the re-routing of Ermine Street (A15), the most noticeable artificial landscape feature in the area and the historic boundary for such elements as parish boundaries and field systems. Trees along the former tree-lined avenue to Hackthorn Park were also removed between the old line of Ermine Street and the end of the runway. The eastward bulge in the A15 road can still be seen north of Lincoln.[33]

Aerial view of RAF Scampton, March 2016. The developments undertaken at the station during theCold War are evident, including the alteration to the course of theA15(Ermine Street).

During theCold War, the airfield developed its current form, imposing on the landscape in a much more spectacular way. Its extent was no longer bounded by existing field boundaries, but by the shape required for the runway extension. This caused the south-west and north-west corners of the base to jut out from the earlier rectangular plan. Areas of hard standing with associated Operational Readiness Platforms (ORPs) were also provided as were technical buildings. The Unit Storage buildings to the far north of the site were constructed for storage and maintenance of nuclear bombs. Upon the introduction of the Blue Steel stand-off missile, new buildings were constructed just to the north-east of the hangars, to develop, maintain and fuel the missiles. A new control tower was constructed close to these buildings to provide a view of the newly expanded runway.[34]

The work undertaken increased the land area of the station to 370 hectares (920 acres) acres. On completion No. 617 Squadron returned to their former home, re-forming in May 1958.[30]

1960s–1980s

[edit]

In October 1960,No. 83 Squadron arrived at Scampton from RAF Waddington and equipped with theVulcan B.2.[14] Together with No. 27 Squadron and No. 617 Squadron, who by this time had also taken delivery of the Vulcan, the "Scampton Wing" was formed, the aircraft equipped with the Blue Steel stand-off missile.[35]

On 30 June 1968, Blue Steel operations at Scampton were terminated, as theRoyal Navy, with thesubmarine launchedPolaris missile, assumed responsibility for the UKnuclear deterrent. Scampton squadrons were assigned to the tactical nuclear and conventional bombing roles. This led to the disbandment of No. 83 Squadron in August 1969, however in December 1969No. 230 Operational Conversion Unit moved to RAF Scampton fromRAF Finningley.[36]

Avro 698 Vulcan B.2 XH534 of 230 Operational Conversion Unit

Part of the post-war development and upgrading of the station, in common with many other RAF stations at the time, saw the establishment of a primary school for the children of those personnel stationed on the base. Located to the south of the base entrance, and adjacent to the eastern perimeter fence, the current school was built in 1961 and replaced the makeshift schooling which had been provided in the Officer's Mess since 1951. The official opening of the school took place on 24 November 1961, and the first children attended the school in January 1962. The buildings are typical of small primary schools built in the 1960s, with a flat roof, large windows and uniformly one storey high. There are several prefabricated extensions which present an informal building layout.[37]

Individual unit allocations were re-introduced in 1971, and throughout the decade Scampton continued to be home to No. 27 Squadron, No. 617 Squadron and No. 230 Operational Conversion Unit, withNo. 35 Squadron joining them fromRAF Akrotiri in 1975.[36]

With disbandment of No. 230 Operational Conversion Unit and the cessation of No. 617 Squadron's Vulcan operations in 1981,[25] followed by the cessation of Vulcan flying at Scampton by No. 27 Squadron and No. 35 Squadron in 1982, Scampton was transferred toRAF Support Command and became home to theCentral Flying School (CFS) in 1983. This role for the station saw the CFS operating such aircraft as theBAC Jet Provost,Scottish Aviation Bulldog and theShort Tucano, sharing the air space with theHawker Siddeley Hawks of theRed Arrows. A further addition to the complement of the station occurred in 1984 with the arrival of theTornado Radar Repair Unit.[25] The first Jet Provost retired during March 1988 due to the replacement of the type by the Short Tucano T.1.[38]

Post-Cold War

[edit]
Radar Tower RAF Scampton

1990s

[edit]

In August 1990, RAF Scampton became home to theJoint Arms Control Implementation Group, a joint service organisation responsible for overseeing the implementation of theControl of Armed Forces in Europe Treaty, theChemical Weapons Convention,Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty,Treaty on Open Skies and theVienna Document.[39]

In 1996, Scampton was mothballed under theFront Line First programme, with the CFS moving toRAF Cranwell. The decision was initially taken to close the base completely along with RAF Finningley, this being confirmed byNicholas SoamesMP in a statement to theHouse of Commons on 25 March 1995. This would end the Red Arrows 12 year residency (1983 to 1995), and began a 6 year period of "Care & Maintenance" inactivity with the base largely unused.[40][41]

2000s and the second closure

[edit]

Opposition to the planned closure was strong and a group was formed called "Save our Scampton" (SOS), backed by theLincolnshire Echo, the County Council and theMP forGainsborough and Horncastle,Edward Leigh.[40] One plan put forward for the base following its proposed redundancy involved turning the site into a prison, but this plan was not continued with.[42]

The Red Arrows, though, continued to train in theairspace surrounding the airfield (Restricted Zone EG R313) and accommodation at Scampton continued to be used as overflow from RAF Waddington. During this intervening period 110 of the post-warnon-commissioned officer married quarters were sold to Welbeck Estate Group who had previously acquired technical and domestic sites atRAF Hemswell, married quarters atRAF Faldingworth andRAF Strike Command Headquarters atRAF Bawtry.[43]

RAF Scampton received theFreedom of Lincoln on 14 May 1993.[44]

21st century

[edit]

Following concerns over capacity and flight safety at RAF Cranwell, the then current home of the Red Arrows, several other training and flying squadrons and units, the decision was taken to remove RAF Scampton from "Care & Maintenance" status and reopen the base, and initially return the Red Arrows, as well as introduce and relocate over time other functions and units, heightening the importance and presence of this historic base. The great influx in personnel and units into Scampton demanded a degree of upgrades and modernisation to much of the office and domestic housing, but during in-depth investigations a further report by the Defence Estates Organisation was published, citing the original cost estimate had more than doubled to £4.5Bn as a result of the substantial amount of remedial work needed as significant amount of the facilities being unused since the reopening in 2001, and some since the mid 1980s, forcing a halt to the overall scheme.[45]

From January 2001 until early 2023, two years after the UK Ministry of Defence announced that RAF Scampton would permanently close as an RAF base, the Red Arrows were the sole RAF Flying unit stationed there, although a private military aviation contractor, Hawker Hunter Aviation, also shared the airfield. Immediately prior to closure, the Red Arrows relocated to RAF Waddington, and HHA relocated to RAF Leeming.[46][47][48]

In 2005 Scampton was again placed under the control of RAF Strike Command, becoming home to the UK Air Surveillance and Control System (ASACS) Control and Reporting Centre (CRC) andMobile Meteorological Unit (MMU). TheNo.1 Air Control Centre (No.1 ACC) deployed to Afghanistan in 2006 as part ofOperation Herrick, the deployment lasting until 2009.[25]

By 2008, the future once again looked uncertain for Scampton.[49] A decision was taken by the thenLabour Government that the base would be "downsized", the Red Arrows would move to RAF Waddington by July 2011[50] and ASACS would also be relocated from the base[49] taking up residence atRAF Coningsby by 2014.[51] However the Strategic Defence Spending Review andoperations in Libya meant the plan was suspended with the decision put on hold pending a further review in 2011.[49] The review concluded that keeping the Red Arrows at Scampton was the best way for them to operate, without affecting other operational flying bases.[49]

In July 2018, the Ministry of Defence announced that Scampton would close and then be sold off with all remaining units relocated to other RAF bases by 2022.[52][7] In May 2020, it was announced that the Red Arrows would move to RAF Waddington, and No. 1 ACC toRAF Boulmer in Northumberland.[53]

In April 2022, the Aviation Medicine Flight, part of theRAF Centre of Aviation Medicine relocated to Scampton fromMOD Boscombe Down after retiring theirBAE Systems Hawk T1 aircraft. The moves allowed the flight to continue its work using Hawks operated by theRed Arrows.[54]

On 6 September 2022 a fly past of theRed Arrows andAvro Lancaster bomber aircraft took place in anticipation of the closure of the base in December 2022.[55] During October 2022 theRed Arrows left the base forRAF Waddington.[56] The station closed on 31 March 2023.[8]

In December 2023 challenges against government plans to use the base to houseasylum seekers were dismissed at theHigh Court.West Lindsey District Council had claimed the government's plans were unlawful but judgeMrs Justice Thornton dismissed the claims for ajudicial review saying that the government's use of emergency powers to change the legal purpose of the land to house asylum seekers was appropriate "given its argument that they could become destitute if more accommodation was not found beyond the use of hotels." SirEdward Leigh, the MP forGainsborough, said he was "disappointed by the result."[57] During September 2024, it was announced that the plans have been scrapped.[58]

Role and operations

[edit]
Hawks of theRed Arrows pictured on the flight line at RAF Scampton

RAF Scampton was home to the Control and Reporting Centre Scampton, and theMobile Meteorological Unit.[25]

TheRed Arrows were previously based here and fell underNo. 22 Group, although RAF Scampton is actually administered byNo. 1 Group.[59] The reason for this being that No. 1 Air Control Centre is a No. 1 Group air defence radar unit, with its permanent operations room, Control and Reporting Centre Scampton, providing assistance to the coverage atRAF Boulmer.[59] RAF Scampton's primary responsibility is training, but it can also provide defence coverage following any technical disruptions at RAF Boulmer.[59] Another responsibility of the station is the provision of deployable command and control capability usingcontainerised equipment that can be delivered worldwide, thereby delivering similar capability to that of the permanent Control and Reporting Centres.[59] No. 1 ACC provides the main operational unit for fighter controllers and aerospace systems operators in the RAF.[60] Operators usually train at the Control and Reporting Centres of Boulmer and Scampton before putting their training into practice at No. 1 ACC or on theBoeing E-3D Sentry.[59]

RAF Scampton, May 2017

Until the closing ofRAF Kirton in Lindsey, Scampton had administrative control over the satellite site, fifteen miles to the north.[25][61]

In 2015, part of the accommodation facilities at Scampton underwent significant refurbishment, particularly those of Gibson Barracks. The improvements consisted of replacement of windows, refurbishment and repair of external concrete areas and provision of new escape stairs. The barracks had lain unused for over twenty years, and as a consequence of the neglect had fallen into a state of disrepair. The building was converted into teaching space in the 1980s, but with the subsequent lack of investment on the station the block was allowed to fall into disuse. Following a re-examination of the viability of the base undertaken following the closure of RAF Kirton in Lindsey and the resulting transfer of personnel, as well as the realisation byEnglish Heritage of the importance of the structure and its association with theDams Raid, it was decided to convert the block back to residential use.[62] Although the building is notlisted, it is situated within a site of significant heritage value due to its links to Operation Chastise.[37][62] The accommodation consists of 48 bedrooms with communal facilities.[62]

Met Office meteorological data

[edit]

The Mobile Meteorological Unit was staffed by full-timeRAF reserve officers as part of the civilianMeteorological Office, aiding in providing weather and climate information for local forecasts. The unit maintains and repairs equipment for the support of out of area flying operations.[59]

In a typical year at RAF Scampton, the warmest day reaches a high temperature of at least 21.62 °C (70.92 °F), whereas the coldest day should always reach a low of 1.02 °C (33.84 °F).[63]

The record high at Scampton peaked at 39.9 °C (103.8 °F) in the afternoon of 19 July 2022 during the2022 United Kingdom heat wave,[64] beating not only the previous local record of 35.1 °C (95.2 °F) froma three-day heatwave on 26 July 2019,[65] but also theformer national record of 38.7 °C (101.7 °F), also from July 2019.[66]

The absolute minimum temperature of −15.6 °C (3.9 °F) was recorded on 7 December 2010, during the record-breakingwinter of 2010–11 in Great Britain and Ireland.[67] In a year, 48.98 nights register anair frost.[63]

The length of the day varies extremely over the course of the year at Scampton. The shortest day may have 7 hours and 30 minutes of daylight, and the longest as much as 17 hours of daylight. The earliest sunrise is at around 4:30 am in June, and the latest sunrise is at 8:30 am in December. The earliest sunset is at 3:30 pm in December, and the latest is at 9:30 pm in June.Daylight saving time (DST) is observed at Scampton, starting in the spring, lasting about 7 months, and ending in the autumn.[68]

Winters are generally cool with little temperature variation. Heavy snow is rare but snow usually falls at least once each winter. Spring and autumn can be pleasant.[63]

Scampton
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
49
 
 
7
1
 
 
39
 
 
8
1
 
 
36
 
 
10
2
 
 
45
 
 
13
4
 
 
46
 
 
16
7
 
 
65
 
 
19
10
 
 
59
 
 
22
12
 
 
57
 
 
21
12
 
 
53
 
 
18
10
 
 
58
 
 
14
7
 
 
60
 
 
10
4
 
 
54
 
 
7
1
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source:Met Office[63]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
1.9
 
 
44
34
 
 
1.5
 
 
46
34
 
 
1.4
 
 
50
36
 
 
1.8
 
 
56
39
 
 
1.8
 
 
61
45
 
 
2.6
 
 
66
50
 
 
2.3
 
 
71
54
 
 
2.3
 
 
71
54
 
 
2.1
 
 
65
50
 
 
2.3
 
 
57
45
 
 
2.4
 
 
50
38
 
 
2.1
 
 
45
34
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Climate data for RAF Scampton, elevation: 57 m (187 ft), 1991–2020 normals
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)6.86
(44.35)
7.74
(45.93)
10.24
(50.43)
13.19
(55.74)
16.22
(61.20)
19.10
(66.38)
21.62
(70.92)
21.42
(70.56)
18.37
(65.07)
14.11
(57.40)
9.79
(49.62)
7.02
(44.64)
13.84
(56.91)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)1.05
(33.89)
1.02
(33.84)
2.26
(36.07)
4.11
(39.40)
6.97
(44.55)
9.95
(49.91)
12.05
(53.69)
11.96
(53.53)
9.82
(49.68)
7.04
(44.67)
3.55
(38.39)
1.12
(34.02)
5.93
(42.67)
Average rainfall mm (inches)48.91
(1.93)
38.62
(1.52)
35.87
(1.41)
44.54
(1.75)
45.80
(1.80)
64.96
(2.56)
58.79
(2.31)
57.38
(2.26)
52.96
(2.09)
58.15
(2.29)
59.90
(2.36)
53.52
(2.11)
619.40
(24.39)
Average precipitation days8.76.87.36.77.67.87.37.97.28.68.48.692.9
Average rainy days(≥ 1.0 mm)10.639.498.798.978.909.619.589.389.4410.4111.8611.04118.10
Mean dailydaylight hours8.29.912.014.115.916.916.414.712.610.58.67.612.3
Source 1:Met Office[63][69]
Source 2: Weather Spark[68] (daylight hours and precipitation days), World Weather Online

RAF Scampton Victoria Cross recipients

[edit]

During the station's history, three personnel based at RAF Scampton have been recipients of theVictoria Cross.

Roderick"Babe" Learoyd

[edit]
Main article:Roderick Alastair Brook Learoyd
Wing Commander. Roderick Alastair Brook Learoyd VC
Wing Commander. Roderick Alastair Brook Learoyd VC

On 12 August 1940, No. 83 Squadron's aircraft were part of a raid against theDortmund-Ems Canal.[70] Two aircraft had been lost due to anti-aircraft fire prior to Wing Commander Roderick 'Babe' Learoyd making his attack, which would involve an attack at low level.[70] During his attack, Learoyd's aircraft was caught in thesearchlights, taking two hits in one wing.[70] Despite this Learoyd was still able to provide his bomb aimer with a steady platform in order to deliver his bombs.[70] Learoyd then nursed theHampden back to England, arriving in the vicinity of Scampton at 02:00. Although the aircraft was flyable, its hydraulic systems had been damaged and thewing flaps were inoperable. Theundercarriage indicators had also failed and rather than risk a landing in the dark, Learoyd circled for three hours before making a landing at first light. He was awarded the Victoria Cross for his courage, skill and determination.[70]

John Hannah

[edit]
Main article:John Hannah (VC)
John Hannah VC
John Hannah VC

Wireless Operator/Air GunnerFlight Sergeant John Hannah was also a member of No. 83 Squadron.[71] On 15 September 1940 his aircraft was involved in a raid on a target nearAntwerp during which the Hampden received a hit in the bomb bay, leading to an explosion and serious fire.[71] Both Hannah's position and that of the rear gunner were engulfed in fire, and although the rear gunner had bailed out, Hannah elected to remain at his post, fighting the fire with extinguishers, and when these expired his log book.[71]

He successfully prevented the fire from reaching the aircraft's ruptured fuel tanks, despite ammunition exploding and the floor beneath him melting.[71] Although severely burned, Hannah forced his way forward to the navigator's station, only to find the navigator had also baled out. He then passed the navigation logs and charts to the pilot and assisted him in navigating the Hampden back to Scampton.[71]

Guy Gibson

[edit]
Main article:Guy Gibson
Operation Chastise (the Dambusters' Raid) 16–17 May 1943 MH6673
Operation Chastise (the Dambusters' Raid) 16–17 May 1943 MH6673

On the night of 16–17 May 1943, Wing Commander Gibson led No. 617 Squadron on the raids against the Ruhr Dams, Operation Chastise. The task was fraught with danger and difficulty. Gibson personally made the initial attack on the Möhne Dam. Descending to within a few feet of the water and taking the full brunt of the anti-aircraft defences, he delivered his attack with great accuracy.[72]

Afterwards he circled very low for 30 minutes, drawing the enemy fire on himself in order to leave as free a run as possible to the following aircraft which were attacking the dam in turn. Wing Commander Gibson then led the remainder of his force to the Eder Dam where, with complete disregard for his own safety, he repeated his tactics and once more drew on himself the enemy fire so that the attack could be successfully developed.[72]

Former station commanders

[edit]
  • Group Captain John C Russell (1936–38)
  • Wing Commander W A B Bowen-Buscarlet (1938)
  • Group Captain O C Bryson (1938–39)
  • Group Captain E C Emmett (1939–40)
  • Group CaptainHugh S Walmsley (1940–41)
  • Group Captain W J M Akerman (1941)
  • Group Captain R H S Spaight (1941–42)
  • Group CaptainJohn N H Whitworth (1942–43)
  • Group Captain Adolphus D Davies (1943–44)
  • Group Captain John W F Merer (1944)
  • Group Captain C R D L Lloyd (1944–46)
  • Group Captain P J Harris (1946–48)
  • Group Captain Thomas A B Parselle (1948)
  • Group Captain H J Pringle (1948–51)
  • Group Captain G A G Johnson (1951–53)
  • Group CaptainDavid J P Lee (1953–55)
  • Group Captain Hubert P Connolly (1955)
  • Squadron Leader R C Wood (1955–57)
  • Group Captain Stafford P Coulson (1957–60)
  • Group CaptainHarry Burton (1960–62)
  • Group Captain Jack Garden (1962–63)
  • Group Captain K G Hubbard (1963–64)
  • Group Captain R G Wakeford (1964–65)
  • Group Captain Allen H Mawer (1965–68)
  • Group Captain D Jack Furner (1968–69)
  • Group Captain T M Fennell (1969–71)
  • Group Captain L E H Scotchmer (1971–73)
  • Group Captain F R Lockyer (1973–74)
  • Group Captain John B Fitzpatrick (1974–75)
  • Group Captain G H Burleigh (1975–78)
  • Group Captain C A Herbert (1978–79)
  • Group Captain V L Warrington (1979–82)
  • Group Captain A P Singleton (1982–83)
  • Group Captain I Thomson (1983–85)
  • Group Captain R G Curry (1985)
  • Group Captain Allan Blackley (1985–87)
  • Group Captain R Gowring (1990-2?)
  • Group Captain C C N Burwell (1994–95)
  • Wing Commander D Bolsover (2000–01)
  • Wing Commander W J Ramsey (2001–05)
  • Wing Commander David Middleton (2005–05)[73]
  • Group Captain Tim L J Bishop (2005–06)
  • Wing Commander Archie McCallum
  • Wing Commander Alex Stylianides
  • Wing Commander Richard D Turner
  • Wing Commander Michael Harrop (2014–16)
  • Wing Commander Joanne Campbell (2016–2018)
  • Wing Commander James Parker (2018–2020)
  • Group Captain Neill Atkins (2020–2023)

Scampton Airshow

[edit]
RAF Scampton International Air Show
Statusdefunct
GenreAir show
Dates9–10 September 2017[74]
VenueRAF Scampton
CountryU.K.
Established2017
Websitehttp://scamptonairshow.com/airshow

On 19 February 2016, an announcement was made concerning plans for the creation of an airshow to take place at Scampton in 2017.[75]

In the wake of the decision to discontinue with a display at RAF Waddington following the 2014 airshow, there was a high degree of dissatisfaction regarding the announcement.[75] The airshow had become one of the leading attractions in the UK during the summer months, the 2014 airshow at Waddington witnessed numbers in the region of 135,000 attending the display weekend, raising approximately £260,000 for Service and local charities.[76]

Following on from the announcement in February 2016 of the station staging an airshow in 2017, it was announced that the Royal Air Force Charitable Trust, organisers of theRoyal International Air Tattoo had agreed to organise a new event at Scampton. However, the requirements for the upgrading of the base's infrastructure so as to be able to stage such an event meant that no airshow was able to take place until 2017.[75]

During the late spring of 2016, preparations continued for the organisation of the event and an official announcement was made at the Station Commander's Reception on 26 May.[77] The dates for the airshow were confirmed on 10 November, been set for 9–10 September 2017.[74]

2017

[edit]

The first airshow to be held at RAF Scampton since 1991 saw participation of 104 aircraft, with 41 taking part in the flying displays and 63 forming the static line-up.[78] Aircraft types ranged from a display by a vintageAvro Anson to a modernTyphoon, with visitor numbers in the region of 50,000.[79] Guests of honour at the event wereBattle of Britain veteran Terry Clark, and former Scampton residentJohnny Johnson.[78]

2018

[edit]

On 14 December 2017, the organisers of the Scampton Airshow issued a statement with regard to the 2018 event. The statement read that following the 2017 airshow the organisers required time to reflect on certain issues and to look at how the airshow could be improved. In view of this, the statement continued that there were still areas of the event which required improvement and consequently there would be no running of the Scampton Airshow in 2018. The statement did however conclude that the organisers, following the review, intend to run an improved Scampton Airshow in 2019.[79]

Heritage

[edit]

Station badge and motto

[edit]

RAF Scampton'sbadge, awarded in December 1958, features agold colouredlong-bow and arrow against the backdrop anazure colouredroundel. The roundel represents the RAF, whilst the bow and arrow form a topographical representation of the station. The arrow acts as the lengthened runway; the bow-string is the former route of Ermine Street located near the station; and the bow the re-aligned road required to accommodate the extended runway.[80]

The station'smotto (Armatus non lacessitur) is inLatin and translates as "An armed man is not attacked".[80]

Archaeology

[edit]

The remnants of a Roman Villa are situated to the south-west of RAF Scampton. Excavation of the site and its subsequent documentation were undertaken for Channel 4 television'sTime Team programme.[5]

Dambusters commemorations

[edit]

1991

In May 1991, Scampton was the venue for aBBC broadcast ofFriday Night is Music Night, set to coincide with the anniversary of the Dambusters Raid. The transmission was from No. 1 Hangar and of added interest was the arrival of aBritish AirwaysBoeing 747-400(G-BNLT). The aircraft, a new addition to the British Airways fleet, had been namedCity of Lincoln in a ceremony held at RAF Coningsby after which it was flown to RAF Scampton.City of Lincoln is the same name as that bestowed onLancasterPA474 of theBattle of Britain Memorial Flight (BBMF) and both aircraft featured in the show, the BBMF's Lancaster in No. 1 Hangar forming the focal point of the concert. The Boeing 747 was parked on Echo Dispersal and was made available for members of the audience to visit.[81]

1993

A special commemorative BBC television broadcast ofSongs of Praise marking the 50th anniversary of Operation Chastise was staged at Scampton in 1993, in which Boeing 747-400City of Lincoln returned to the base. Presented bySally Magnusson, the event was attended by 2,500 invited guests, including several veterans of the raid as well asRichard Todd.[82]

2013

Marking the 70th anniversary of the raid in 2013, the BBC again featured a programme from Scampton, hosted byDan Snow. Attended byLes Munro and"Johnny" Johnson, the telecast featured the Lancaster of the BBMF as well as twoPanavia Tornados of No. 617 Squadron.[83]

In addition there was also a broadcast byBBC Radio 2 ofThe Chris Evans Breakfast Show in whichEvans conducted interviews with various station personnel and current members of No. 617 Squadron.[84] Following the show Evans boarded LancasterPA474 of theBBMF and flew from Scampton toBiggin Hill which was the venue for a special edition ofFriday Night is Music Night as part of the commemoration.[83]

Gate guardians

[edit]
Lancaster R5868 during its tenure as gate guardian at RAF Scampton
Avro LancasterJust Jane, former gate guardian at RAF Scampton, now the focal point of theLincolnshire Aviation Heritage Centre

In all there have been threegate guardians at RAF Scampton during the station's history.

Lancaster R5868Q-Queenie/S-Sugar

[edit]

The first was Avro LancasterS-Sugar along with the largeTallboy andGrand Slam bombs which the type had carried.[85] It was placed on display at the main gate of Scampton inNo. 467 Squadron markings in 1960. With the arrival of83 Squadron at Scampton in October 1960,[14] it was noted thatS-Sugar had strong links to the squadron.[14] It transpired that the aircraft had originally served at Scampton with No. 83 Squadron and was given the squadron code OL-Q(Q-Queenie). When No. 83 Squadron converted to the Lancaster Mk.III in September 1943,[14] LancasterQ-Queenie was transferred to No. 467 Squadron who were then based atRAF Bottesford. The aircraft was subsequently re-coded PO-S(S-Sugar).[14]

LancasterR5868 was dismantled at Scampton in November 1970, by personnel fromNo. 71 Maintenance Unit.[14] It was removed and is now on permanent exhibition at theRoyal Air Force Museum,Hendon.[14]

LancasterNX611Just Jane

[edit]

The next gate guardian was another restored Lancaster, repatriated from a French island in theSouth Pacific. This later Lancaster,Just Jane NX611, is now at theLincolnshire Aviation Heritage Centre at the formerRAF East Kirkby.[86]

HawkXX306

[edit]
XX306 during its service life

The current gate guardian at Scampton is a formerRed ArrowsHawk T.1XX306.[87] Positioned in front of the Station Headquarters, it was unveiled by the then Station Commander Wing Commander Michael Harrop during a ceremony on 12 October 2015.[87]

The aircraft was constructed atBAe Dunsfold and handed over to the RAF on 23 May 1980.[87] The jet spent two months atRAF Valley before flying toRAF Kemble (the Red Arrows' previous home) and joined the Squadron on 3 July 1980,[87] being one of the first of its type operated by the Red Arrows following their conversion from theFolland Gnat at the end of the 1979 display season.[87]

During its operational lifeXX306 amassed a total flying time of 7,378hrs 15 mins accumulating 13,007 landings.[87] It was retired from the aerobatic team on 20 October 2012, having last been used in a display on 26 September of that year.[87]

RAF Scampton Heritage Centre

[edit]

RAF Scampton was home to a heritage centre, detailing the station's history and displaying several hundred artefacts including a Blue Steel Missile.[30] More ambitious plans were put forward in 2013 to turn part of RAF Scampton into a major tourist attraction.[88] This project was driven by Lincolnshire County Council. It had been estimated that the total investment required for the complete plan would be £80 million, of that total £40 million would be required to complete the first phase, which concerned two hangars and an exhibition hall.[5] Such amounts would have required substantial monetary grants from theNational Lottery in order for it to succeed.[88]

RAF Scampton: The former home of the Red Arrows

The plans would have converted two of the station's four hangars into exhibition halls and the Officer's Mess into a hotel.[88] Council officials held talks with the RAF and theDefence Infrastructure Organisation,[5] which managed the Ministry of Defence's estate, regarding the proposals which estimated the creation of 100 jobs locally and annual visitor numbers in the region of 200,000.[88]

An independent study commissioned by Lincolnshire County Council in October 2013, concluded that the proposal was viable and had the potential to succeed.[88][89]

Exhibitions would focus on the Red Arrows, aviation in the First and Second World Wars, the Cold War as well as Lincolnshire's aviation engineering heritage and the Dambusters Raid.[88] It was hoped the project would secure the future of the station and complement the proposals to establish an air show at Scampton. It was hoped that the facility would have been opened by 2018 in order to mark the centenary of the creation of the RAF.[88] In July 2020 campaigners were hoping to establish a charitable trust to raise funds for the scheme.[90]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^Pine, L.G. (1983).A dictionary of mottoes (1 ed.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 15.ISBN 0-7100-9339-X.
  2. ^"Scampton | RAF Heraldry Trust".www.rafht.co.uk. Retrieved8 March 2018.
  3. ^"RAF Scampton".RAF. Retrieved24 July 2019.
  4. ^abHalpenny 1981, p. 161.
  5. ^abcdefghijklmnopqr"RAF Scampton Feasibility Study".Lincolnshire County Council. 29 October 2013. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  6. ^Smith, Steve (23 August 2012)."Hawker Hunter Aviation".AeroResource. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  7. ^ab"Red Arrows RAF Scampton air base to be sold off".BBC News. Retrieved24 July 2018.
  8. ^abTurner, James (8 April 2023)."Changes to RAF Scampton as migrant camp preparations get under way".Lincolnshire World. Retrieved11 April 2023.
  9. ^abBirtles 2012, p. 69.
  10. ^abHalpenny 1981, p. 162.
  11. ^ab"History of RAF Scampton".Royal Air Force. Retrieved27 October 2008.
  12. ^"Pre-War Scampton".Royal Air Force. Retrieved27 October 2008.
  13. ^abHalpenny 1981, p. 163.
  14. ^abcdefgh"Avro Lancaster B.Mk.1 R5868/7325M: Museum Accession Number 74/A/12"(PDF).RAF Museum. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  15. ^abJefford 1988, p. 43.
  16. ^"Bouncing bomb that flew in the face of reason".The Independent. 12 May 2003. Retrieved30 June 2019.
  17. ^"Bomber Command No. 617 Squadron".Royal Air Force. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  18. ^Halpenny 1981, p. 164.
  19. ^Jones, Tobin (2002)."617 Squadron - The Operational Record Book - 1943-1945"(PDF). Blinx Publishing. p. 34.
  20. ^Battle of Britain TV (17 May 2013)."Dam Buster Pilot Interview Squadron Leader Les Munro". Retrieved10 July 2016 – via YouTube.
  21. ^ab"RAF Scampton Heritage Centre: At War".Royal Air Force. Retrieved10 July 2016.
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  23. ^"1687 Bomber Defence Training Flight, Scampton and Hemswell (BDT UK)". National Archives. Retrieved8 July 2019.
  24. ^Halpenny 1981, p. 165.
  25. ^abcdefg"RAF Scampton – History".Royal Air Force. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  26. ^Jefford 1988, p. 63.
  27. ^Jefford 1988, p. 101.
  28. ^abJefford 1988, p. 54.
  29. ^"Scampton".The Dambusters. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  30. ^abcd"RAF Scampton Heritage Centre".Royal Air Force. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  31. ^Birtles 2012, p. 71.
  32. ^Burke, Damien."Airfield Viewing Guide – RAF Scampton".Thunder & Lightnings. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  33. ^Halpenny 1981, p. 167.
  34. ^"RAF Scampton Historical Characterisation". English Heritage. Retrieved8 July 2019.
  35. ^"The Royal Air Force 1950-1969". Imperial War Museum. Retrieved8 July 2019.
  36. ^abAlan Lake,Flying Units of the RAF, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing, 1999.ISBN 1-84037-086-6.
  37. ^ab"RAF Scampton: Historic Characterisation"(PDF).Historic England. October 2004. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  38. ^March 1989, p. 88.
  39. ^"Arms Reduction Verification (Hansard, 6 March 1990)".Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 6 March 1990. Retrieved16 June 2017.
  40. ^ab"SOS team launches a counter attack".Lincolnshire Echo. 24 March 2009. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  41. ^"RAF Training". Hansard. 23 March 1995. Retrieved6 January 2025.
  42. ^"Plans to make former RAF base a prison surprise owner".Lincolnshire Echo. 4 November 2008. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  43. ^twsg.co.uk
  44. ^"RAF stations set for Freedom of the City parade in Lincoln". 4 April 2017.
  45. ^Closure threat to RAF base lifted". BBC News. 10 January 2008. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  46. ^"RAF Scampton and the Red Arrows". Retrieved6 January 2025.
  47. ^"About us". Hunter Team. Retrieved6 January 2025.
  48. ^"Eleventh hour rally cry to help save RAF Scampton from closure - and time is running out to sign the petition". Lincolnshire Live. 30 January 2019. Retrieved8 July 2019.
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  50. ^"Red Arrows RAF Scampton move plan to be reviewed".BBC News. 15 December 2011. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  51. ^"RAF bases are to be scaled back".BBC News. 29 October 2008. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  52. ^Witherow, John, ed. (24 July 2018). "Red Arrows base axed in cost-cutting manoeuvre".The Times. No. 72595. p. 7.ISSN 0140-0460.
  53. ^"Red Arrows to stay in Lincolnshire when base shuts".BBC News. 19 May 2020. Retrieved19 May 2020.
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  55. ^"RAF Scampton: Flypast and parade mark closure of Dambusters station".BBC News. 5 September 2022.
  56. ^"New era as Red Arrows move to RAF Waddington". Forces Net. 13 October 2022. Retrieved14 October 2022.
  57. ^"All challenges against government plans to use RAF bases to house asylum seekers thrown out".Sky News. Retrieved6 December 2023.
  58. ^"Plans to house asylum seekers at RAF Scampton axed". BBC News. 5 September 2024. Retrieved5 September 2024.
  59. ^abcdefRoyal Air Force Salute. March 2013 (page 46)
  60. ^"No. 1 Air Control Centre".Royal Air Force. Retrieved6 September 2012.
  61. ^Mills, Claire (6 April 2013)."Defence Estate Rationalisation"(PDF).Library of the House of Commons. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  62. ^abc"Dambusters leader Guy Gibson's building to be revamped".Scunthorpe Telegraph. 3 October 2014. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  63. ^abcde"Scampton (Lincolnshire) UK climate averages".Met Office. Retrieved3 June 2022.
  64. ^Wilkinson, Damon (19 July 2022)."The 34 places in England which beat 2019's hottest UK temperature record".Manchester Evening News. Retrieved21 July 2022.
  65. ^Morrow, Daniel (26 July 2019)."Retford records one of the hottest days ever".LincolnshireLive. Retrieved4 June 2022.
  66. ^"UK sizzles as temperatures reach 36C".BBC News. 7 August 2020. Retrieved7 August 2020.
  67. ^S.L, Tutiempo Network."Climate SCAMPTON RAF (December 2010) - Climate data (33730)".www.tutiempo.net. Retrieved4 June 2022.
  68. ^ab"RAF Scampton Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (United Kingdom) - Weather Spark".weatherspark.com. Retrieved3 June 2022.
  69. ^"Climate Normals 1981–2010". Met Office. Retrieved23 February 2021.
  70. ^abcdeFoxley-Norris, Christopher (2 February 1996)."Obituary : Wing Cdr Roderick Learoyd VC".The Independent. London, UK:INM. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  71. ^abcde"John Hannah VC, RAF".BBC: WW2 People's War. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  72. ^ab"No. 36030".The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 May 1943. p. 2361.
  73. ^Barrass, M. B."RAF Station Commanders – Lincolnshire and East Midlands: RAF Scampton".Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  74. ^ab"Scampton Airshow".Scampton Airshow. Retrieved17 December 2017.
  75. ^abcPidluznyj, Stefan (19 February 2016)."New air show to be staged at RAF Scampton in 2017".The Lincolnite. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  76. ^"News: RAF Waddington Air Show Supports Past, Present and Future Personnel".Waddington International Airshow. 16 December 2014. Archived fromthe original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  77. ^RAF Families Federation."RAF. News featured on website – RAF Families Federation".raf-ff.org.uk. Retrieved17 December 2017.
  78. ^ab"Scampton Airshow hailed 'huge success' with over 50k visitors".thelincolnite.co.uk. 11 September 2017. Retrieved17 December 2017.
  79. ^ab"Scampton Airshow – News: Scampton Airshow Statement".scamptonairshow.com. Retrieved17 December 2017.
  80. ^ab"Scampton".RAF Heraldry Trust. Retrieved10 June 2021.
  81. ^Cunnane, Tony."BBC's Friday Night is Music Night to come from RAF Scampton". Retrieved8 July 2019.
  82. ^"Songs of Praise". BBC One London. 16 May 1993. Retrieved8 July 2019.
  83. ^ab"BBC Radio 2 to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the Dambusters Raid".BBC Media Centre. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  84. ^"Dambusters: Chris Evans live from Scampton".Scunthorpe Telegraph. 17 May 2013. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  85. ^"Service Aviation News: In Brief".Flight.79 (2716): 422. 30 March 1961. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  86. ^"History of the Lancaster". Lincolnshire Aviation Heritage Centre. Retrieved8 July 2019.
  87. ^abcdefg"RAF Scampton gets Red Arrows jet as new gate guardian".Royal Air Force. 12 October 2015. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  88. ^abcdefg"Dream to turn Red Arrows' home into world attraction".Lincolnshire Echo. 20 October 2013. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  89. ^"RAF Scampton – Feasibility Study for an Aviation Heritage Attraction and related Site Development Options"(PDF).Lincolnshire County Council. March 2013. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  90. ^"Campaign to turn RAF Scampton into heritage centre after closure". The Lincolnite. 24 July 2020. Retrieved10 June 2021.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Birtles, Philip. (2012)UK Airfields of the Cold War, Midland Publishing.ISBN 978-1857803464.
  • Halpenny, B.B. (1981)Action Stations: Wartime Military Airfields of Lincolnshire and the East Midlands v. 2. Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Patrick Stephens Ltd.ISBN 0-85059-484-7.
  • Halpenny, B.B. (1991)Action Stations: Wartime Military Airfields of Lincolnshire and the East Midlands v. 2. With update Supplement.ISBN 978-1852604059.
  • Jefford, C.G. (1988)RAF Squadrons: A Comprehensive Record of the Movement and Equipment of All RAF Squadrons and Their Antecedents Since 1912, Airlife Publishing.ISBN 978-1853100536.
  • March, P. (1989).Royal Air Force Yearbook 1989. Fairford, UK: Royal Air Force Benevolent Fund.

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