Qazvin province (Persian:استان قزوین;IPA:[ɢæzˈviːn]ⓘ)[a] is one of the 31provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country, with the city ofQazvin as its capital.[4]
The province was carved out ofTehran andZanjan provinces in 1997.[4] The province was made a part ofRegion 1 upon the division of the provinces into5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.[1]
Qazvin was the location of a former capital of thePersian Empire and contains over 2000 architectural and archeological sites. It is a provincial capital today that has been a cultural center of mass throughout history.
Archeological findings in the Qazvin plain reveal the existence of urban agricultural settlements as far back as 7000 BC. Significant ancient settlements in the area includeTepe Sagzabad,Tepe Ghabristan, andTeppe Zagheh.
The name "Qazvin" or "Kasbin" is derived from Cas, an ancient tribe that lived south of theCaspian Sea millennia ago. The Caspian Sea itself in fact derives its name from the same origin. Qazvin geographically connects Tehran, Isfahan, and thePersian Gulf to the Caspian seacoast andAsia Minor, hence its strategic location throughout the ages.
Qazvin has been a hotbed of historical developments in Iranian history. In the early years of the Islamic era Qazvin served as a base for the Muslim forces. Destroyed byGenghis Khan (13th century), theSafavid monarchs made Qazvin the capital of the Safavid empire in 1548 only to have it moved toIsfahan in 1598. During the Qajar dynasty and contemporary period, Qazvin has always been one of the most important governmental centers due to its proximity to Tehran.Abbas Mirza, aCrown Prince and Minister of Commerce, was also the governor of Qazvin.
Qazvin is where the coup d'état of GeneralReza Khan, with hisRussian-trainedCossack brigade, was launched from – which led to the founding of thePahlavi dynasty in 1921.
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 1,127,734 in 294,305 households.[14] The following census in 2011 counted 1,201,565 inhabitants living in 352,472 households.[15] The 2016 census measured the population of the province as 1,273,761 people in 397,165 households.[5]
The population history and structural changes of Qazvin province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
The province covers 15821 km2 between 48–45 to 50–50 east of Greenwich Meridian of longitude and 35–37 to 36–45 north latitude of the equator. The province is bounded on the north byMazandaran andGilan, on the west byHamedan andZanjan, on the south byMarkazi and on the east byTehran Provinces.The famous mountains of the province are those of Siälän, Shäh Alborz, Khashchäl, Sephidkouh, Shojä e din, Alehtareh, Rämand, Ägh dägh, Kharaghän, Saridagh, Soltan pïr, and Siähkouh, in which Siälän with a height of 4,175m and Shäh Alborz which is 4,056m are the highest. All are part of the central chain ofAlborz. The lowest point of the province is in Tärom e Soflä.
The climate of the province in the northern parts is cold and snowy in winters and temperate in summers. In the southern parts, the climate is mild with comparatively cold winters and warm summers.
Of the approximately 100 water reservoirs that were formerly in Qazvin, the transmission 10 are protected by the Provincial Cultural Heritage Organization.See:List of famous ab anbars of Qazvin
^abcقانون ایجاد استان قزوین زنجان [Law on the establishment of Qazvin province].لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian).شورای نگهبان [Guardian Council]. 25 May 1997 [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1376/03/04 (Iranian Jalali calendar)].شناسه [ID] 0D43E0F8-6A16-4829-8403-3970091A917F.شماره دوره [Course number] 5,شماره جلد [Volume number] 1. Archived fromthe original on 25 June 2025. Retrieved25 June 2025.
^abcdسرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان قزوین [General Population and Housing Census 2016: Qazvin Province].مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived fromthe original(Excel) on 30 November 2021. Retrieved19 December 2022.
^abسرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385 : استان قزوین [General Population and Housing Census 2006: Qazvin Province].مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived fromthe original(Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved25 September 2022.
^abسرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390 : استان قزوین [General Population and Housing Census 2011: Qazvin Province].Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University (in Persian).مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran]. Archived fromthe original(Excel) on 19 January 2023. Retrieved19 December 2022.
^Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (4 January 2012) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1390/10/14 (Iranian Jalali calendar)].ایجاد شهرستان آوج به مرکزیت شهر آوج در استان قزوین [Creation of Avaj County in the center of Avaj city in Qazvin province].مهدی داودآبادی [Mehdi Davudabadi] (in Persian).وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior].هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers].پیشنهاد شماره [Proposal Number] 62642/42/04/1. Archived fromthe original on 25 June 2025. Retrieved25 June 2025.
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