Pustoshkinsky District Пустошкинский район (Russian) | |
|---|---|
 Lake Krupeyskoye, close to the town of Pustoshka in Pustoshkinsky District | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Pushoshkinsky District in Pskov Oblast | |
| Coordinates:56°20′N29°22′E / 56.333°N 29.367°E /56.333; 29.367 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Pskov Oblast[1] |
| Established | 1 August 1927 |
| Administrative center | Pustoshka[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,870 km2 (720 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 9,379 |
| • Density | 5.02/km2 (13.0/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 49.2% |
| • Rural | 50.8% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Inhabited localities[2] | 1cities/towns, 244rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Pustoshkinsky Municipal District[2] |
| • Municipal divisions[2] | 1 urban settlements, 5 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [5]) |
| OKTMO ID | 58650000 |
| Website | http://pustoshka.reg60.ru |
Pustoshkinsky District (Russian:Пусто́шкинский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[2] district (raion), one of thetwenty-four inPskov Oblast,Russia. It is located in the south of theoblast and borders withBezhanitsky District in the north,Novosokolnichesky District in the east,Nevelsky District in the south,Sebezhsky District in the west, and withOpochetsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,870 square kilometers (720 sq mi).[3] Itsadministrative center is thetown ofPustoshka.[2] Population:9,379 (2010 census);[4] 12,071 (2002 Census);[6]14,063 (1989 Soviet census).[7] The population of Pustoshka accounts for 49.2% of the district's total population.[4]
A major part of the district lies in thebasin of theVelikaya River. The Velikaya flows through the district, making a bow in its northern part. The largesttributary of the Velikaya inside the district is theAlolya (right). The rivers in the south of the district drain into theNevedryanka, a right tributary of theDaugava, and into theUshcha, also in the Daugava basin. The landscape of the district is a hilly plain of glacial origin, which contains many lakes. The biggest lakes in the district areNevedro,Asho,Orleya,Veryato, andLosno.[8]
TheVelikaya River served as one of the branches of thetrade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, and the area was settled at least from the medieval times. It was dependent on Pskov and in the beginning on the 15th century it was conquered by Lithuanians. Afterwards, it was on the border between Russia (Grand Duchy of Moscow) andPoland, changing hands. The seat of the area wasZavolochye. In 1582, the area was transferred to Russia. In the course of theadministrative reform carried out in 1708 byPeter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 asSaint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, separateNovgorod Governorate was split off, and in 1772,Pskov Governorate (which between 1777 and 1796 existed asPskov Viceroyalty) was established. In 1777,Novorzhev was founded and Zavolochye was abolished. The area was split between several uyezds of Pskov Governorate. Pustoshka was founded in 1901 as a railway station during the construction of the railway betweenMoscow andRiga.[9]
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Pustoshkinsky District was established, with the administrative center in Pustoshka. It included parts of formerSebezhsky,Nevelsky, andOpochetsky Uyezds. The governorates were abolished as well, and the district became a part ofVelikiye Luki Okrug ofLeningrad Oblast. On June 17, 1929, the district was transferred toWestern Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were also abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935, the district was transferred toKalinin Oblast, and on February 5 of the same year, Pustoshkinsky District became a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Kalinin Oblast, one of the okrugs abutting the state boundaries of theSoviet Union. On May 4, 1938, the district was transferred toOpochka Okrug. On February 5, 1941, the okrug was abolished. Between 1941 and 1944, Pustoshkinsky District was occupied byGerman troops. On August 22, 1944, the district was transferred to newly establishedVelikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished and Pustoshkinsky District was transferred to Pskov Oblast. The district was abolished on February 1, 1963, and re-established on January 12, 1965.[10]
On August 1, 1927,Kudeversky District with the administrative center in theselo ofKudever was also established. It included parts of formerNovorzhevsky Uyezd. The district was a part of Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On September 20, 1931, Kudeversky District was abolished and merged into Novorzhevsky District. On March 5, 1935, it was re-established as a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Kalinin Oblast; on May 11, 1937, the district was transferred to Opochka Okrug. On August 22, 1944, the district was transferred to Velikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished, and Kudeversky District was transferred to Pskov Oblast. On January 14, 1958, Kudeversky District was abolished and split between Bezhanitsky,Novorzhevsky, Opochetsky, and Pustoshkinsky Districts.[10]
Another district created on August 1, 1927 wasRykovsky District with the administrative center in theselo ofSkokovo. It included parts of formerVelikoluksky and Opochetsky Uyezds. The district was a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On June 17, 1929, the district was transferred to Western Oblast. On September 20, 1930, Rykovsky District was abolished and split between Nasvinsky, Loknyansky, Novosokolnichesky, and Pustoshkinsky Districts.[10]
On December 10, 1928,Ust-Dolyssky District with the administrative center in the village ofUst-Dolyssy was created on the territories which previously belonged to Pustoshkinsky and Nevelsky Districts. It was a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On June 17, 1929, the district was transferred to Western Oblast, and on September 20, 1930, Ust-Dolyssky District was abolished and split between Nevelsky and Pustoshkinsky Districts. On February 5, 1952, it was re-established as a part of Velikiye Luki Oblast; on October 2, 1957, the district was transferred to Pskov Oblast. On March 23, 1959, Ust-Dolyssky District was abolished and split between Nevelsky and Pustoshkinsky Districts.[10]
The biggest industrial enterprise in the district is the milk production factory.[11]
The economy of the district is mainly based on agriculture. The main agricultural specializations are milk and meat production, as well as potato growing.[11]
The railway connectingMoscow andRiga crosses the district from east to west, with Pustoshka being the principal station within the district.
There are two significant highways crossing the district. TheM9 highway which connects Moscow and Riga crosses the district from east to west. TheM20 highway connectsSt. Petersburg andKiev, crossing the district from north to south. The two highways cross in the town of Pustoshka. There are also local roads.
The district contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally fourteen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[12] Both federally protected monuments are archeological sites.
Pustoshka hosts the Pustoshkinsky District Museum, founded in 1996.[13]
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