Purba Medinipur district East Medinipur district | |
|---|---|
     Clockwise from top-left: Memorial toBankim Chandra Chattopadhyay atDariapur, College Junction atKanthi,Mahishadal Rajbari, New Digha Beach atDigha, Bargabhima temple inTamluk | |
.svg) Location of East Midnapore district in West Bengal | |
| Coordinates:22°18′N87°55′E / 22.3°N 87.92°E /22.3; 87.92 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | West Bengal |
| Division | Medinipur |
| Headquarters | Tamluk |
| Government | |
| • Collector & District Magistrate | Purnendu Kumar Maji |
| • Superintendent of Police | Soumyadip Bhattacharya,IPS |
| Area | |
• Total | 4,785 km2 (1,847 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 5,095,875 |
| • Density | 1,065/km2 (2,758/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 87.66 per cent |
| • Sex ratio | 936♂/♀ |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali[1][2] |
| • Additional official | English[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Website | purbamedinipur |
Purba Medinipur (English:East Medinipur, alternative spellingMidnapore) district is anadministrative unit in the Indian state ofWest Bengal. It is the southernmost district ofMedinipur division – one of the fiveadministrative divisions of West Bengal. The headquarters isTamluk. It was formed on 1 January 2002 after thePartition of Medinipur intoEast Midnapore andWest Midnapore which lies at the northern and western border of it. The state ofOdisha is at the southwest border; theBay of Bengal lies in the south; theHooghly river andSouth 24 Parganas district to the east;Howrah district to thenorth-east;West Midnapore district to the west.
East Midnapore comprises the sub-divisions of Tamluk, Contai and Haldia of erstwhileMedinipur district.[3] Another sub-division, Egra has been created out of the erstwhile Contai sub-division during the partition of Midnapore. In 2011, the state government proposed to rename the district asTamralipta district after the ancient port city ofTamralipta which used to lie near the modern district headquarters.
East Midnapore saw many political movements during theBritish Raj. A parallel government named theTamralipta Jatiya Sarkar was formed during theQuit India Movement in Tamluk.[4] In 2007, East Midnapore witnessed theNandigram violence, an incident of police firing that killed 14 farmers.[5]
Tamralipta, the port in ancient India, is believed by scholars to have been around modern-day Tamluk. It is mentioned in the writings ofPtolemy (150 AD), the Greco-Egyptian writer, as well asFaxian andXuanzang, Chinese monks and travellers. It was the main port used byAshoka, theMauryan emperor. With too much siltation the port lost its importance around eighth century A.D. The supreme leader of Tamralipta Jatiya sarkar wasSatish chandra Samanta.[6]
East Midnapore district is part of the lowerIndo-Gangetic Plain andEastern coastal plains. Topographically, the district can be divided into two parts – (a) almost entirely flat plains on the west, east and north, (b) the coastal plains on the south. The vast expanse of land is formed ofalluvium and is composed of younger and coastal alluvial. The elevation of the district is within 10 meters above the mean sea level. The district has a long coastline of 65.5 km along its southern and south eastern boundary. Five coastal CD Blocks, namely, Khejuri II, Contai II (Deshapran), Contai I, Ramnagar I and II, are occasionally affected by cyclones and tornadoes. Tidal floods are quite regular in these five CD Blocks. Normally floods occur in 21 of the 25 CD Blocks in the district. The major rivers areHaldi,Rupnarayan,Rasulpur,Bagui andKeleghai, flowing in north to south or south-east direction. River water is an important source of irrigation. The district has a low 899 hectare forest cover, which is 0.02% of its geographical area.[6][7][8]
Major cities and towns includePanskura,Tamluk,Nandakumar,Contai,Egra,Haldia,Mecheda,Mahishadal,Digha,Mandarmani,Khejuri,Ramnagar,Patashpur,Kolaghat,Nandigram. Chandipur
East Minapore d
| Subdivision | Headquarters | Area km2 | Population (2011) | Rural Population % (2001) | Urban Population % (2001) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tamluk Sadar | Tamluk | 1084.30 | 1,791,695 | 94.08 | 5.92 |
| Haldia | Haldia | 683.94 | 959,934 | 79.19 | 20.81 |
| Egra | Egra | 940.96 | 958,939 | 96.96 | 3.04 |
| Contai | Contai | 1251.21 | 1,385,307 | 93.55 | 6.45 |
| East Midnapore district | Tamluk | 4,713.00 | 5,095,875 | 91.71 | 8.29 |
Tamluk Sadar subdivision consists ofTamluk municipality,Panskura municipality and seven community development blocks: Nandakumar, Moyna, Tamluk, Shahid Matangini, Panskura–I, Panskura–II and Chandipur (Nadigram–III). Haldia subdivision consists ofHaldia municipality and five community development blocks: Mahishadal, Nandigram–I, Nandigram–II, Sutahata and Haldia. Egra subdivision consists ofEgra municipality and five community development blocks: Bhagawanpur–I, Egra–I, Egra–II, Pataspur–I and Pataspur–II. Contai subdivision consists ofContai municipality and eight community development blocks: Contai–I, Contai–II, Contai–III, Khejuri–I, Khejuri–II, Ramnagar–I and Ramnagar–II, Bhagawanpur–II.[9]
Tamluk is the district headquarters. There are 21 police stations, 25 development blocks, 5 municipalities and 223gram panchayats in this district.[9][10]
Other than in the municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 10 urban units: five municipalities and fivecensus towns.[10] Panskura municipality was established in 2001.[11]
Purba Medinipur contains 16 assembly constituencies, equally divided between two Lok Sabha constituencies Tamluk and Kanthi. The MP for Tamluk isDibyendu Adhikari (AITC) while the MP for Kanthi isSisir Adhikari (BJP). These are members of the Adhikari family which has dominated politics in the district whose prominent member has been Suvendu Adhikari, now Leader of Opposition in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.
According to the2011 census East Midnapore district has apopulation of 5,095,875,[12] roughly equal to theUnited Arab Emirates[13] or the US state ofColorado.[14] This gives it a ranking of 20th in India (out of a total of640).[12] The district has a population density of 1,076 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,790/sq mi).[12] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.32%.[12] East Midnapore has asex ratio of 936females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 88.60%. 11.63% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 14.63% and 0.55% of the population respectively.[12]
Bengali is the predominant language, spoken by 98.31% of the population. The Bengali dialect aroundContai is heavily influenced by nearby dialect ofOdia and along the Odisha border, and the two dialects cannot be distinguished.[15]
| Religion | Population (1941)[17]: 76 | Percentage (1941) | Population (2011)[16] | Percentage (2011) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hinduism | 1,365,664 | 90.19% | 4,343,972 | 85.24% |
Islam | 139,408 | 9.21% | 743,436 | 14.59% |
| Others[c] | 9,165 | 0.61% | 8,467 | 0.17% |
| Total Population | 1,514,237 | 100% | 5,095,875 | 100% |
Hindus are the majority religion in the district. Muslims are the second largest religion.[16]
In 2006 theMinistry of Panchayati Raj named East Midnapore one of the country's 250most backward districts (out of a total of640).[18] It is one of the 11 districts in West Bengal receiving funds from theBackward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[18] in East Midnapore Mat "Madur" industry are very popular, it's occupation of most people. In the agriculture sector paddy, wheat, chilli, vegetable are also popular inIndia.
| Concentration of Handicraft Activities in Purba Medinipur |
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Educational facilities in East Midnapore district:[19]
High School (including higher secondary school)–456
Junior High School–189
Junior High Madarsa–5
High Madarsa–8
Senior Madarsa–2
Primary School–3217
Sishu Sikhsha Kendra–1516
Ishwar chandra Jana Chetna Centre–3089
College–15
Engineering colleges–2
Skill development institutions–44
According to the 2011 census, the district has a literacy rate of 87.66[20] up from 80.20% of 2001 census. As per 2001 census, this district had a male literacy rate of 89.1% and female literacy rate was 70.7%. The education index of this district is 0.74[21] and it is ranked first in literacy in comparison to other districts ofWest Bengal.[22]
Given in the table below (data in numbers) is a comprehensive picture of the education scenario in East Midnapore district for the year 2013–2014. It may be noted that primary schools include junior basic schools; middle schools, high schools, and higher secondary schools include madrasahs; technical schools include junior technical schools, junior government polytechnics, industrial technical institutes, industrial training centres, nursing training institutes, etc.; technical and professional colleges include engineering colleges, polytechnics, medical colleges, Allied & Healthcare institutes, management colleges, teachers training, and nursing training colleges, law colleges, art colleges, music colleges etc. Special and non-formal education centres include sishu siksha kendras, madhyamik siksha centre, centres of Rabindra mukta vidyalaya, recognised Sanskrit tols, institutions for the blind and other handicapped persons, Anganwadi centres, reformatory schools etc.[23]
| Subdivision | Primary School | Middle School | High School | Higher Secondary School | General College, Univ | Technical / Professional Instt | Non-formal Education | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | |
| Tamluk | 1,084 | 84,258 | 78 | 5,789 | 77 | 43,408 | 144 | 171,516 | 6 | 12,728 | 17 | 2,747 | 2,704 | 112,411 |
| Haldia | 557 | 43,173 | 40 | 5,082 | 54 | 36,767 | 77 | 83,659 | 5 | 9,792 | 16 | 6,256 | 1,359 | 59,879 |
| Egra | 629 | 41,418 | 76 | 11,537 | 49 | 32,167 | 74 | 90,730 | 3 | 9,498 | 2 | 154 | 1,595 | 62,200 |
| Contai | 983 | 50,945 | 99 | 10,557 | 81 | 46,690 | 102 | 120,128 | 5 | 12,223 | 10 | 1,602 | 2,316 | 90,552 |
| Purba Medinipur district | 3,253 | 219,794 | 293 | 32,965 | 261 | 159,032 | 397 | 466,093 | 19 | 44,241 | 45 | 10,759 | 7,974 | 375,042 |
The table below (all data in numbers) presents an overview of the medical facilities available and patients treated in the hospitals, health centres and sub-centres in 2014 in East Midnapore district.[24]
| Subdivision | Health & Family Welfare Deptt, WB | Other State Govt Deptts | Local bodies | Central Govt Deptts / PSUs | NGO / Private Nursing Homes | Total | Total Number of Beds | Total Number of Doctors | Indoor Patients | Outdoor Patients | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitals | Rural Hospitals | Block Primary Health Centres | Primary Health Centres | ||||||||||
| Tamluk | 1 | - | 7 | 14 | - | - | - | 70 | 92 | 1,506 | 96 | 61,84 | 1,251,099 |
| Haldia | 1 | 2 | 3 | 10 | - | - | - | 19 | 35 | 803 | 67 | 27,586 | 757,876 |
| Egra | 1 | 1 | 4 | 11 | - | - | - | 21 | 38 | 489 | 42 | 23,699 | 419,829 |
| Contai | 2 | - | 8 | 16 | - | - | - | 22 | 48 | 688 | 88 | 59,882 | 890,607 |
| Purba Medinipur district | 5 | 3 | 22 | 51 | - | - | - | 132 | 213 | 3,486 | 293 | 172,251 | 3,319,411 |
The coastal region of East Midnapore district is in the face of river Hoogly. With good coastal, landform, seasonal, rural and heritage diversity, it offers the potential for tourism in its typical coastlines and rural areas. The famous tourist spots are[21]
Tamluk, district headquarters of East Midnapore district is situated on the bank of river Rupnarayan which is a very popular picnic spot. The other places are:
It is a municipality upgraded in 2002. It is one of the busiest towns in East Midnapore district. Panskura is known as "Valley of Flowers" with large supplies of flowers to other places. Panskura is also known for its green vegetables wholesale market near thePanskura Junction railway station. It is open every day after 10 pm until 7 am the next morning with a regular gathering of lakhs of people. Panskura is one of the busiest railway stations which extends up to Digha or Haldia directly through this station or by bus. The river Kansabati is a good picnic spot and Mahakali (Bhavatarini) temple nearby old Panskura bazar is a pilgrimage spot. Panskura is also well known for its cultural side. Many cultural schools and institutes are there. Panskura is famous for the recitation institute Chandabani [ছন্দবাণী].
Mahishadal is only 16 km from Tamluk town where tourists can visit the Mahishadal Rajbari, the museum there and Gopal Jiu temple. Geonkhali is a place 8 km from Mahishadal, a perfect picnic spot at the junction (mohona) of three rivers.
Digha is a seaside resort town of East Midnapore district and, at the northern end of the Bay of Bengal, is the most popular seaside resort ofWest Bengal. Renowned for its beaches, Digha is visited by thousands of tourists every year.
Mandarmani is a small virgin beach on the Bay of Bengal under Kalindi Gram Panchayat, only 14 km from Digha-Contai Road from Chaulkhola Bus Stop. It is a small fishing harbour and a fast developing tourist spot.
Haldia, a city and a municipality in East Midnapore, is a major seaport approximately 100 km (62 mi) southwest of Kolkata near the mouth of the Hooghly River, one of the distributaries of the Ganges. It is being developed as a major trade port for Kolkata, intended mainly for bulk cargoes.
United Arab Emirates 5,148,664
Colorado 5,029,196
eastmidnapore was invoked but never defined (see thehelp page).
Places adjacent to Purba Medinipur district | ||||||||||||||||
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Cities, towns, locations and neighbourhoods inEast Midnapore District,Medinipur division | ||||||||||
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