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Thepulp and paper industry inCanada is a major component of the nationalforest sector and has long been one of the country's largest manufacturing industries, closely linked to commerciallogging andwood processing.[1] In 2022, Canada's forest sector contributed about C$33.4 billion to Canada's real gross domestic product, or roughly 1.2% of national GDP, and directly supported about 200,000 jobs.[2] Forest products, including wood pulp, paper and paperboard, remain a significant export category for Canada, representing billions of dollars in annual shipments and forming an important share of merchandise exports. Canada is consistently ranked among the world's top producers and exporters of wood pulp and paper.[3]
Pulp andpaper production is especially concentrated inOntario andQuebec, where the industry accounts for several billion dollars in shipments, thousands of direct jobs, and in some regions remains the primary manufacturing base for local economies.[4] Significant pulp and paper operations also exist in other provinces, includingBritish Columbia,New Brunswick,Manitoba andAlberta, where mills supply domestic and export markets in North America and overseas.[5]
The leading forest and paper products companies in Canada in net sales in 2012 were:[6]
| Rank | Company | 2012 Net Sales (US$M) | 2012 Net Income (Loss) (US$M) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Domtar Inc. | 5,482 | 172 |
| 2 | Resolute Forest Products | 4,503 | (2) |
| 3 | Cascades Inc. | 3,646 | (11) |
| 4 | West Fraser Timber | 3,001 | 87 |
| 5 | Canfor | 2,715 | 32 |
| 6 | Tembec | 1,667 | (82) |
| 7 | Norbord | 1,149 | 72 |
| 8 | Mercer International | 1,073 | (16) |
| 9 | Catalyst | 1,059 | 583 |
| 10 | Millar Western Forest Products Ltd. | 926 | 29 |
In 2000, Canadian pulp, paper and paperboard companies had operating expenses of C$425.4 million on environmental protection with the majority ($263.3 million) used for pollution abatement. Capital expenditures totalled $234.8 million, with over half ($140.4 million) being spent on pollution prevention processes.[1]
