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Pulinda (Sanskrit:Pulinda) were an ancientnon-Aryan tribe of south-centralIndian subcontinent, whose existence is attested during theIron Age.[1][2] Pulindas were mentioned in Aitareya Brahmana of theRigveda (c. 500 BCE) as descendants of SageVishvamitra, along with Andhras, Pundras, Sabaras, and Mutibas.
During the later Vedic period, the Pulindas were living to the south-east of theDaśārṇas.[2]
Though clearly associated with the Vindhyan region, the Pulindas are sometimes believed to have had multiple tribal branches that ranged up to theHimalayan region andAssam.[3] In the Himalayan region, ancient Indian literature often mentions them in conjunction with theKiratas.[3]
Aitareya Brahmana of the RigvedaAccording toAitareya Brahmana of theRigveda, sageVishvamitra had hundred sons, fifty of them were older thanMadhuchhanda, and fifty were younger than him. The older ones were not pleased with (the installation of Sunahsepa to the primogeniture). Visvamitra then pronounced against them the curse, “ You shall have the lowest castes for your descendants. ” Therefore are many of the most degraded classes of men, the rabble for the most part, such as the Andhras, Pundras, Sabaras, Palindas, and Mutibas, descendants of Visvamitra...”[4]
Puranas
Srimada Bhagavatam refer Andhras, Pundras, Sabaras, Palindas, and Mutibas are referred to asMleccha.
TheRock Edicts of Ashoka (269 BCE - 231 BCE) mention the Pulindas, their capital Pulinda-nagara, and their neighboring tribes.Vayu Purana mentioned their capital located in present-dayJabalpur District ofMadhya Pradesh state.[5]
Likewise here in the king's (Ashoka ) territory, among theYonas andKambojas, among the Nabhakas and Nabhapamkits, among the Bhojas and the Pitinikas, among theAndhras and thePulindas, everywhere (people) are conforming to Beloved-Of-God (Ashoka) instruction in morality.
— Ashoka, Rock Edict 13 , Kalsi Rock, South Portion
Basak identifies them with thehill tribes of the Vindhya and Satpura ranges, more specifically the Bhils.[6] Pulindas together with the Sabaras are mentioned byKautilya inArthashastra.[7]
... The Pulindas were a hill tribe usually connected with the Vindhyan range. Partiger notices several branches of the Pulinda tribe, viz. (1) a western branch, (2) a Himalayan branch related to the Kiratas and Tanganas, and (3) a southern branch ...
... in Rock Edict XIII ... we have to place them somewhere to the north or the north-east of the Andhras ... In the Vayu-Purana, the southern branch of the Pulindas has been placed side by side with the Vindhya-muliyas ... their capital is mentioned as Pulinda-nagara and their kingdom as contiguous with the Chedi country ... the Jubbulpur District ...
Pulindas together with the Sabaras are mentioned by Kautalya in his Arthashastra.
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