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Public holidays are celebrated by the entire population of Egypt.Holidays inEgypt have many classifications. Some holidays are religious and others are secular, while some can be fixed holidays on thecalendar while others are movable. There are fourIslamic holidays and two Christian holidays. TheNational Day of Egypt is celebrated on July, 23[1] which coincides with the annual celebration of theEgyptian revolution of 1952 when the modern republic of Egypt was declared, ending the period of theKingdom of Egypt.
Government offices and ministries in Egypt rest on Friday of each week. In addition, banks and many institutes have non-working days on Saturday too which is an official resting-day[1] or Sunday which is not official but commonly used as a resting-day by non-governmental institutes and shops with Christianreligious observance. Somebarbershops andhairdressers close their shops on Monday instead of Friday, Saturday and Sunday when they keep their shops open.
The following holidays are celebrated across the country, where government offices and ministries are closed. These holidays are either national secular holidays or important religious holidays.
The following holidays occur annually on a fixed day of thecalendar:
| Date | English name | Arabic name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| January 7 | Christmas Day | عيد الميلاد المجيد | Celebrates thebirth ofJesus Christ, according to theCoptic calendar (29Koiak) (It could be classified as movable, as it traditionally follows the Julian rather than the Gregorian calendar) |
| January 25 | Revolution Day 2011[2] National Police Day | عيد ثورة 25 يناير عيد الشرطة | Celebrates the day of the beginning of theEgyptian revolution of 2011, protesting the 29-year rule ofHosni Mubarak. Celebrates the anniversary ofPolice officers' resistance against the British Army in 1952 during the final months of theKingdom of Egypt. |
| April 25 | Sinai Liberation Day | عيد تحرير سيناء | Celebrates the final withdrawal of allIsraeli military forces from theSinai Peninsula in 1982. |
| May 1 | Labour Day | عيد العمال | |
| June 30 | 30 June Day[3] | عيد ثورة 30 يونيو | Observes theJune 2013 Egyptian protests, which saw PresidentMohamed Morsideposed by the military a few days later. |
| July 23 | Revolution Day | عيد ثورة 23 يوليو | Celebrates theEgyptian Revolution of 1952 which led to the declaration of the modern republic of Egypt. This is considered theNational Day of Egypt.[1][4] |
| October 6 | Armed Forces Day | عيد القوات المسلحة | Celebrates Egypt's military forces. The date is based on Egypt and Syria's invasion of Israel in theYom Kippur War, which eventually led to the return of theSinai Peninsula from Israeli occupation back to Egyptian sovereignty. |
Some government-related offices, including mostuniversities, are also closed on theCoptic Orthodox date ofEpiphany, 19 January.
The following days are public holidays but the date on which each occurs varies, either because the date is fixed relative to the lunarIslamic calendar or (in the case of Sham El Nessim) has no fixed date in any calendar. In order in which they occur:
| Date | English name | Arabic name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| April or May | Sham El Nessim (Spring Festival) | شم النسيم | The Monday followingOrthodoxEaster |
| 1 Muharram | Islamic New Year | عيد رأس السنة الهجرية | The first day of the year based on the lunarIslamic calendar (1Muharram) |
| 12 Rabi' al-Awwal | Prophet Muhammad's Birthday | المولد النبوي الشريف | The birthday ofMuhammad, according to the Sunni account (12Rabi al-Awwal) |
| 1–3 Shawwal | Eid al-Fitr | عيد الفطر المبارك | Breaking of the fast ofRamadan, for three days (1-3Shawwal) |
| 10–13 Zul-Higga | Eid al-Adha | عيد الأضحى المبارك | End of theHajj and commemoration of theSacrifice of Abraham, for four days (10-13Dhu al-Hijjah) |
