 | |
| Manufacturer | Lavochkin |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Soviet Union |
| Operator | RVSN |
| Applications | Scientific research |
| Specifications | |
| Launch mass | 920 kilograms (2,030 lb) |
| Regime | HEO |
| Production | |
| Status | Retired |
| Launched | 12 |
| Retired | 12 |
| Maiden launch | Prognoz 1 14 April 1972 |
| Last launch | Prognoz 12 29 August 1996 |
Prognoz ("Forecast"), also known asSO ("Solar Object," first three satellites),SO-M (SO-modified, next seven satellites), andSO-M2 (last two satellites, also known asInterball), was aSoviet scientific research satellite programme.
Twelve Prognoz satellites were launched between 14 April 1972 and 29 August 1996, all byMolniya-M carrier rockets. The satellites were placed inhigh Earth orbits. The first ten Prognoz satellites were launched fromSite 31/6 at theBaikonur Cosmodrome, and the last two fromSite 43/3 at thePlesetsk Cosmodrome.[1][2][3]
The satellites were designed forSolar research; however, the later satellites were used for other areas, including research into theBig Bang theory and Earth'smagnetosphere.[4] The tenth satellite was part of theInterkosmos programme.
| Designation[5] | Launch date/time (GMT)[6] | Mass[4] | Apogee initial[5] | Perigee initial[5] | Inclination initial[5] | Mission[4][5] | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prognoz 1 | 14 April 1972, 00:54 | 845 kilograms (1,863 lb) | 199,667 kilometres (124,067 mi) | 1,005 kilometres (624 mi) | 65° | StudySolar activity | |
| Prognoz 2 | 29 June 1972, 03:47 | 845 kilograms (1,863 lb) | 201,804 kilometres (125,395 mi) | 517 kilometres (321 mi) | 65.3° | Study Solar activity | |
| Prognoz 3 | 15 February 1973, 01:11 | 845 kilograms (1,863 lb) | 200,000 kilometres (120,000 mi) | 590 kilometres (370 mi) | 65° | Study Solar activity | |
| Prognoz 4 | 22 December 1975, 02:08 | 905 kilograms (1,995 lb) | 199,000 kilometres (124,000 mi) | 634 kilometres (394 mi) | 65° | Study Solar radiation andPlasma, andEarth'smagnetosphere | |
| Prognoz 5 | 25 November 1976, 03:59 | 930 kilograms (2,050 lb) | 198,560 kilometres (123,380 mi) | 777 kilometres (483 mi) | 65.2° | Study Solar radiation and Plasma, and Earth's magnetosphere | |
| Prognoz 6 | 22 September 1977, 00:51 | 910 kilograms (2,010 lb) | 197,867 kilometres (122,949 mi) | 488 kilometres (303 mi) | 65° | Study Solar radiation and Plasma, and Earth's magnetosphere | |
| Prognoz 7 | 30 October 1978, 05:23 | 950 kilograms (2,090 lb) | 202,627 kilometres (125,907 mi) | 472 kilometres (293 mi) | 64.9° | Study Solar radiation and Plasma, and Earth's magnetosphere UV,X-ray andGamma ray astronomy | CarriedCzechoslovak,French,Hungarian andSwedish experiments |
| Prognoz 8 | 25 December 1980, 04:02 | 910 kilograms (2,010 lb) | 197,364 kilometres (122,636 mi) | 978 kilometres (608 mi) | 65.8° | Study Solar radiation and Plasma, and Earth's magnetosphere | Carried Czechoslovak,Polish and Swedish experiments |
| Prognoz 9 | 1 July 1983, 12:17 | 1,060 kilograms (2,340 lb) | 700,000 kilometres (430,000 mi) | 480 kilometres (300 mi) | 65° | Study Solar and cosmic radiation, Solar Plasma, Earth's magnetosphere and Gamma rays | Carried Czechoslovak and French experiments |
| Prognoz 10 (Intershock) | 26 April 1985, 05:48 | 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb) | 194,734 kilometres (121,002 mi) | 5,975 kilometres (3,713 mi) | 65° | StudySolar wind and Earth's magnetosphere | Intercosmos 23. Carried Czechoslovak experiments |
| Prognoz 11 (Interball Tail Probe) | 2 August 1995 | 193,064 kilometres (119,964 mi) | 505 kilometres (314 mi) | 63.8° | Study Solar wind and Earth's magnetosphere | ||
| Prognoz 12 (Interball Auroral Probe) | 29 August 1996 | 19,140 kilometres (11,890 mi) | 782 kilometres (486 mi) | 62.8° | Study aurora |
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