 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Abavit, Ascurit, Dibavit, Mirage, Octave, Omega, Prelude, Rival, Sporgon, Sportak, Sprint, Tenor[1][2] |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChemCID | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.060.885 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C15H16Cl3N3O2 |
| Molar mass | 376.66 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| |
| |
Prochloraz, brand nameSportak, is animidazolefungicide that was introduced in 1978[3] and is widely used inEurope,Australia,Asia, andSouth America withingardening andagriculture to control the growth offungi.[4][5] It is not registered for use in theUnited States.[5]
Similarly to otherazole fungicides, prochloraz is aninhibitor of theenzymelanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51A1), which is necessary for theproduction ofergosterol – an essential component of the fungalcell membrane – fromlanosterol.[6] The agent is abroad-spectrum, protective and curative fungicide, effective againstAlternaria spp.,Botrytis spp.,Erysiphe spp.,Helminthosporium spp.,Fusarium spp.,Pseudocerosporella spp.,Pyrenophora spp.,Rhynchosporium spp., andSeptoria spp.[5][2]
Like many imidazole andtriazole fungicides andantifungal medications, prochloraz is not particularly selective in its actions.[4][6] In addition to inhibition of lanosterol 14α-demethylase, prochloraz has also been found to act as anantagonist of theandrogen andestrogen receptors, as anagonist of thearyl hydrocarbon receptor, and as an inhibitor of enzymes in thesteroidogenesis pathway such asCYP17A1 andaromatase.[4][6] In accordance, it has been shown to producereproductivemalformations in mice.[4][6] As such, prochloraz is considered to be anendocrine disruptor.[4][6]