Prince Edward | |
|---|---|
| County of Prince Edward | |
 | |
| Coordinates:44°00′N77°15′W / 44.000°N 77.250°W /44.000; -77.250 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Ontario |
| Settled | 1792 |
| Incorporated | 1998 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Mayor | Steve Ferguson |
| • Federal riding | Bay of Quinte |
| • Prov. riding | Bay of Quinte |
| Area | |
| • Land | 1,052.61 km2 (406.41 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[1] | |
• Total | 25,704 |
| • Density | 24.4/km2 (63/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Postal Code | K0K |
| Area code | 613 /343 |
| Website | www.thecounty.ca |
Prince Edward County (PEC) is asingle-tier municipality in southernOntario,Canada. Its coastline on Lake Ontario’s northeastern shore is known forSandbanks Provincial Park, sand beaches, and limestone cliffs. The Regent Theatre, a restored Edwardian Opera House, sits at the heart of the town ofPicton on theBay of Quinte. Nearby Macaulay Heritage Park highlights local history through its 19th-century buildings. In 2021, Prince Edward County had a census population of 25,704. Prince Edward County is asingle-tier municipality and acensus division of theCanadian province ofOntario.
Settled byindigenous peoples, the county has significant archeological sites. These include the LeVescounte Mounds of thePoint Peninsula complex people, built about 2000 years ago.
The county was created byUpper Canada's founding lieutenant-governorJohn Graves Simcoe on July 16, 1792.[2] It was named afterPrince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent (the fourth son ofKing George III and father ofQueen Victoria) who was commander-in-chief ofBritish North America.
Shortly after theAmerican Revolution, the Crown made land grants to some of the earliestUnited Empire Loyalists to encourage their settlements in Ontario and provide compensation for property lost in theThirteen Colonies. The county was originally composed of three townships named in honour of three of George III's daughters.
For many years Prince Edward County has been closely associated with the wholly mainlandHastings County. Its longtimemilitia unit has beenThe Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment (locally known as the Hasty Ps), whose most famous member wasFarley Mowat. This noted author wrote two books about his experiences with the Hasty Ps during theSecond World War'sItalian Campaign:The Regiment[3] and a subsequent account,And No Birds Sang.[4]
On January 1, 1998, the Town of Picton, the villages ofBloomfield and Wellington, and the townships of Ameliasburgh, Athol, Hallowell, Hillier, North Marysburgh, Sophiasburgh, and South Marysburgh amalgamated to form a new municipality with the official legal name of Prince Edward County.[5] Each of the former municipalities is now a ward.[citation needed]
The following are former municipalities:[6]
Prince Edward County is located inSouthern Ontario on a large irregular headland orlittoral at the eastern end ofLake Ontario, just west of the head of theSt. Lawrence River. This headland (officially named Prince Edward County in 1792[7]) is surrounded on the north and east by theBay of Quinte. As theMurray Canal now connects the bay to Lake Ontario across the only land connection, the county is technically an island. Murray Canal is crossed by two, 2-lane swing bridges, the western one on County Road 64, and at the eastern end, the County Road 33 bridge. Bay of Quinte is crossed by two, 2-lane bridges of about 850m length – one carryingProvincial Highway 62 nearBelleville and the other about 24 km east carryingProvincial Highway 49 nearDeseronto.
The county's relatively mildhumid continental climate (Dfb) due to the influence ofLake Ontario has led to the establishment of about 50vineyards and close to 30wineries; as a result,Prince Edward County is one of Ontario's designated viticultural areas.[8] Thelake effect from Lake Ontario results in heaviersnowfall than in neighbouring counties. July is the hottest month and January is the coldest month.
| Climate data for Picton (1981−2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.6 (60.1) | 12.0 (53.6) | 23.3 (73.9) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.0 (84.2) | 34.5 (94.1) | 37.8 (100.0) | 34.4 (93.9) | 31.1 (88.0) | 26.0 (78.8) | 21.7 (71.1) | 16.1 (61.0) | 37.8 (100.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2 (28) | −1 (30) | 3.9 (39.0) | 11.1 (52.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 25.6 (78.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 20.0 (68.0) | 13.5 (56.3) | 7.4 (45.3) | 1.4 (34.5) | 12.0 (53.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.4 (20.5) | −5.6 (21.9) | −0.6 (30.9) | 6.8 (44.2) | 13.0 (55.4) | 17.6 (63.7) | 21.0 (69.8) | 20.2 (68.4) | 16.0 (60.8) | 9.6 (49.3) | 4.1 (39.4) | −2.4 (27.7) | 7.8 (46.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.9 (12.4) | −10.2 (13.6) | −5.1 (22.8) | 2.5 (36.5) | 8.2 (46.8) | 12.7 (54.9) | 16.4 (61.5) | 16.0 (60.8) | 11.9 (53.4) | 5.6 (42.1) | 0.8 (33.4) | −6.2 (20.8) | 3.5 (38.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −36 (−33) | −35.6 (−32.1) | −27 (−17) | −15.6 (3.9) | −4.4 (24.1) | 0.6 (33.1) | 5.0 (41.0) | 3.3 (37.9) | −0.6 (30.9) | −7.2 (19.0) | −18.9 (−2.0) | −33 (−27) | −36 (−33) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 80.4 (3.17) | 77.1 (3.04) | 49.3 (1.94) | 84.4 (3.32) | 79.7 (3.14) | 74.3 (2.93) | 59.3 (2.33) | 76.3 (3.00) | 85.0 (3.35) | 80.9 (3.19) | 102.1 (4.02) | 94.4 (3.72) | 943.1 (37.13) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 23.4 (0.92) | 23.2 (0.91) | 33.8 (1.33) | 79.8 (3.14) | 79.7 (3.14) | 74.3 (2.93) | 59.3 (2.33) | 76.3 (3.00) | 85.0 (3.35) | 80.5 (3.17) | 96.8 (3.81) | 48.8 (1.92) | 760.7 (29.95) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 57.0 (22.4) | 53.9 (21.2) | 15.5 (6.1) | 4.6 (1.8) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.39 (0.15) | 5.4 (2.1) | 45.7 (18.0) | 182.4 (71.8) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 12.9 | 10.9 | 9.2 | 11.3 | 12.4 | 11.4 | 8.5 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 138.4 |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 3.4 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 10.5 | 12.4 | 11.4 | 8.5 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 11.9 | 6.2 | 107.2 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.2 cm) | 10.0 | 8.1 | 4.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.23 | 1.6 | 7.5 | 32.9 |
| Source:Environment Canada[9] | |||||||||||||
Prince Edward County is a community encompassing approximately 1,000 square kilometres (390 sq mi), with over 500 kilometres (310 mi) of shoreline (including inland lakes and bordered by Lake Ontario) with beaches and limestone rich soil.
Prince Edward County includes the population centres ofPicton andWellington and the communities of Albury,Ameliasburg, Bloomfield,Carrying Place,Cherry Valley, Consecon, Cressy,Demorestville, Fawcettville, Glenora,Hillier, Lake on the Mountain,Milford,Mountain View, Northport, Rednersville, Rosehall, Rossmore, Salmon Point, Sophiasburgh,Waupoos,Waupoos Island, West Lake, Woodrous, and Yerexville.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 25,046 | — |
| 2001 | 24,901 | −0.6% |
| 2006 | 25,496 | +2.4% |
| 2011 | 25,258 | −0.9% |
| 2016 | 24,735 | −2.1% |
| 2021 | 25,704 | +3.9% |
| [10][11] | ||
In the2021 Census of Population conducted byStatistics Canada, Prince Edward County had a population of25,704 living in11,332 of its13,557 total private dwellings, a change of3.9% from its 2016 population of24,735. With a land area of 1,052.61 km2 (406.41 sq mi), it had a population density of24.4/km2 (63.2/sq mi) in 2021.[12]
| 2021 | 2016 | 2011 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 25,704 (+3.9% from 2016) | 24,735 (−2.1% from 2011) | 25,258 (−0.9% from 2006) |
| Land area | 1,052.61 km2 (406.41 sq mi) | 1,050.49 km2 (405.60 sq mi) | 1,050.45 km2 (405.58 sq mi) |
| Population density | 24.4/km2 (63/sq mi) | 23.5/km2 (61/sq mi) | 24.0/km2 (62/sq mi) |
| Median age | 56.8 (M: 55.6, F: 57.6) | 54.5 (M: 53.8, F: 55.2) | 51.6 (M: 50.8, F: 52.2) |
| Private dwellings | 13,557 (total) | 12,899 (total) | 12,397 (total) |
| Median household income | $66,140 |
Prince Edward County is home to the Music at Port Milford Chamber Music Academy & Festival, Classical Unbound Festival, the PEC Jazz Festival, and the Prince Edward County Chamber Music Festival.
Music at Port Milford, established in 1987 is said to bring together promising young musicians for a chamber music summer camp and festival on the shores of South Bay. In the summer, PEC also hosts the Classical Unbound Festival, with performances of classical music in unconventional venues and contexts by Canadian musicians, and the Jazz Festival in the month of August. Some of Canada's most prolific jazz musicians gather in the county for this festival.
Prince Edward County has become a vacation destination withSandbanks Provincial Park,[16] and Ontario's newestVQA wine Appellation[17] as the twin centrepieces of the tourism industry. Hotels, motels and bed & breakfast accommodations are abundant.
Prince Edward County's main water attractions are said to be its white sand beaches. Together,Sandbanks Provincial Park, North Beach Provincial Park attract over 600,000 visitors yearly.[18] There are numerous campgrounds throughout the County which allow tourists to enjoy water-sports such as those offered through Westlake Wakeboarding School, kayaking, canoeing, tubing, and more.
Beside the historic Crystal Palace is the County Youth Park. While the region is known for a large retirement community, young people come to the County to visit the skatepark and playground located in the corner of the Picton Fairgrounds property (which also holds the Picton Arena, the Prince Edward Curling Club & Crystal Palace).[19] For example, the YoungLife youth event "Road Rage" had teens of all ages visiting skateboard parks across Ontario and then entering their homemade skateboarding video into a contest; Picton was one of their stops.
Prince Edward County in recent years has said to have become a top culinary destination, from the historic Black River Cheese Company which started operations in 1901 to the newLEED-certified, award-winning Fifth Town Artisan Cheese Factory.
The county held the annual Great Canadian Cheese Festival from 2010 through 2017. This festival, held at the Picton Fairgrounds in June, had cheese-makers from all across Canada who offered more than 125 artisan cheeses for tasting and purchase. The festival also included non-cheese related artisan foods such as breads and condiments, wine, cider and craft beer. It has been on hiatus since 2018.[20]
With an increasing number of cultural activities — in part due to the emigration of top artists and chefs to the area – like the "Taste" celebration or "Six Barrels for Six Chefs", the County has created a niche in the newCreative Economy. “It's yet another point of pride for Prince Edward County, which has become the gastronomic capital of Ontario — a fertile island bursting with vineyards, organic farms and a community of artists and chefs. Tucked into the "golden triangle" between Toronto, Montreal and Ottawa, it is the province's newest DesignatedViticultural Area, which helps identify the origin of a wine and its grapes.” (The Globe and Mail)
Events also include the Spring Birding Festival;[21] Prince Edward County Authors' Festival; the County Jazz Festival, a summer event; the Prince Edward County Music Festival (a chamber music series) held on the same fall weekend as the Prince Edward County Studio and Gallery Tour; "Music at Port Milford," a summer music festival and school for string students from 12–18 years old, and an annual season of professional theatre produced by Festival Players of Prince Edward County.
One of the few survivingart-deco movie houses in Ontario, Picton's downtown Regent Theatre, is host to a variety of plays, musicals and art movie screenings throughout the year. Prince Edward County has a live comedy scene with Taste That! producing regular improv and sketch comedy shows throughout the County since 2015, and the annual Comedy Country festival that pairs local acts with professional comedians from across Canada. Theatre companies include: the County Stage Company, Prince Edward Community Theatre and The Marysburgh Mummers.
Prince Edward County is home to many wineries, distilleries, and hard-cider companies. These include; Amanda's Vineyards, Black Prince Winery, Broken Stone Winery, Chadsey's Cairns Winery, Cape Winyard, Casa-Dea Estates Winery, Closson Chase Winery, County Cider Company, Del-Gatto Estates Ltd. Devils Wishbone Winery, Domaine Darius, Exultet Estates, Grange of Prince Edward Estate Winery, Gravel Hill Vineyards, Half Moon Bay Winery, Harwood Estate Wineyard, Hillier Creek Estates, Hinterland Wine Company, Hubbs Creek Vineyard, Huff Estates Winery, Karlo Estates, Keint-he Winery & Vineyard, Lacey Estates Winery, Lighthall Vineyards, Norman Hardie Winery, Rosehall Run, Sandbanks Winery, Stanners Vineyard, Sugarbush Vineyard, Thirty Three Vines Winery, Three Dog Winery, Trail Estate Winery, Traynor Family Vineyard, and Waupoos Estates Winery and Vineyard.[22]
Wellington Dukes, located in the village of Wellington, 15 kilometers west of Picton in Prince Edward County, are a prominent fixture in the II-tier league. Over the past twelve seasons, theWellington Dukes consistently secure top positions in their league.
The Prince Edward Community Centre at 375 Main Street serves as the home arena for thePicton Pirates Junior C Hockey Team, known as the "Patcheyes."[23] The Picton Pirates, founded in 1989, participate in the Eastern Ontario Junior C Hockey League.
Picton claimed the 2011 Empire "B" Junior C Championship by defeating the Amherstview Jets 4–3 and the defending champions, Napanee Raiders, 4–2 in best-of-seven series. In 2013, the Pirates added to their legacy by winning the Ontario Hockey Association's Schmalz Cup, solidifying their Junior C supremacy in the province with a five-game victory over the Essex 73's.
Prince Edward County boasts over 500 kilometers of shoreline, offering numerous sheltered harbors and boating facilities. The region's rich sailing history is preserved at theMariners Park Museum in South Marysburgh.[24] Additionally, Picton is home to theArchives and Collections Society which houses an extensive collection of documents related to the Great Lakes, maritime history, and navigation.[25]
The Prince Edward County Yacht Club, situated in Picton Harbour, offers a junior sailing program for youngsters aged 10–18, utilizing monohull dinghies for on-water instruction. The program is led by CYA certified instructors, and so successful participants receive CYA certificates.
For those seeking sailing adventures, County Sailing Adventures provides daily cruises departing from Waupoos Marina, offering access to some of the finest freshwater sailing grounds globally. Visitors can sail to the edge of the Marysburgh Vortex or anchor off Little Bluff for lunch and a refreshing swim.[26]
Despite the official name, Prince Edward is not acounty by the standard Ontario definition. It is a single-tier municipal government and handles all municipal services. The formercounty seat and current council hall is located at the Shire Hall, inPicton. Officially, the area is the smallest single-tier municipality in Ontario and consists of the merged governments of the original county and the 10 former towns, villages and townships, that governed the area until 1997.
| Ward No. | Name |
|---|---|
| 1 | Picton |
| 2 | Bloomfield |
| 3 | Wellington |
| 4 | Ameliasburgh |
| 5 | Athol |
| 6 | Hallowell |
| 7 | Hillier |
| 8 | North Marysburgh |
| 9 | South Marysburgh |
| 10 | Sophiasburgh |
Prince Edward County is near top educational institutions inKingston andBelleville includingQueen’s University, theRoyal Military College of Canada,St. Lawrence College andLoyalist College.
TheHastings and Prince Edward District School Board serves close to 17,000 students each day at 46 elementary and eight secondary schools. The district covers a wide geographical area of 7,221 square kilometers bordered by Maynooth to the north, Deseronto to the east, Prince Edward County to the south and Quinte West to the west.
TheAlgonquin and Lakeshore Catholic District School Board serve students of the Roman Catholic faith. Approximately 15,000 students attend 36 elementary schools and 5 secondary schools in this school district
Sonrise Christian Academy is located at 58 Johnson St. in Picton and offers K–8 education from a Biblical worldview to families in Prince Edward County.
Albert College in nearby Belleville is attended by many Prince Edward County residents as it is a short bus ride away.
Previously thePrince Edward County Board of Education served the county.
| Frequency | Call Sign | Branding | Format | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FM 99.3 | CJPE | 99.3 County FM | Country music | Prince Edward County Radio Corporation |
The county is served by 1 EMS station ofHastings-Quinte EMS. Policing is provided from theOntario Provincial Police detachment located in Picton. The mainly-volunteer Prince Edward County Fire Department operates from ten fire stations located throughout the municipality.
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