Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Prime Minister of Afghanistan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Head of government of Afghanistan

Prime Minister of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
  • د افغانستان د اسلامي امارت لومړی وزیر (Pashto)
    Də Afġānistān Islāmī Imārat lomři ozīr
  • رئیس الوزرای امارت اسلامی افغانستان (Dari)
    Raʾīs al-ozrāi Imārat-i Islāmī-yi Afghānistān
Incumbent
Hasan Akhund
since 7 September 2021[a]
Government of Afghanistan
TypeHead of government
Member ofCabinet
Reports toLeadership
SeatKabul
AppointerSupreme Leader
Term lengthAt the pleasure of the supreme leader
Constituting instrument1998dastur
Formation
  • 25 October 1927 (1927-10-25) (original)
  • 7 September 2021 (2021-09-07) (current form)
First holderShir Ahmad
SuccessionNo (Deputy Leader succeeds Supreme Leader)
DeputyDeputy Prime Minister
Salary؋198,250 monthly[5]
WebsiteOffice of the Chief of Staff to the Prime Minister
flagAfghanistan portal

Theprime minister of Afghanistan, officially theprime minister of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,[note 1] is thehead of government ofAfghanistan.[6]

The position was created in 1927 as an official appointed by theking of Afghanistan. The holder served mostly as an advisor, until the end of theKingdom of Afghanistan in 1973. During the 1980s, the position was the head of government. The post was abolished after theUS invasion that ousted theTaliban regime, after which apresidential form of government was established which lasted from 2004 to 2021. After theUS withdrawal and the re-establishment of the Taliban rule, the post was revived.

The prime minister and government are subject to the instruction of thesupreme leader.[7] On September 7, 2021 the Taliban officials who exercisedde facto control of Afghanistan announced Islamic scholarHasan Akhund as acting prime minister in a new interim government of the recently re-established Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.[8] On August 15, 2025 Akhund and other members ofhis cabinet were appointed on a permanent rather than acting basis.[1][2]

History

[edit]

Kingdom

[edit]
Main article:Kingdom of Afghanistan

Thechairman of the Council of Ministers was not the prime minister, but the king. Only during his absence was the prime minister the acting chairman of the Council.

Until 1963, KingMohammad Zahir Shah appointed his relatives as prime ministers. The king also had the power to dismiss or transfer the prime minister. From 1963 onwards, this was changed, stating that the head of the Afghan government was the prime minister, and that the government consisted of its ministers. It was the first time that the king did not play an important role in the government, leaving it to an elected authority. However, it also stated that they cannot engage in any other profession during their tenure of office.

The1964 Constitution also granted the prime minister the power to summon theElectoral College in case of the death of the king. The prime minister onlyanswered to theWolesi Jirga (lower house of theParliament) about theGeneral Policy of the government, and individually for their prescribed duties.[9]

Democratic Republic

[edit]
Main article:Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

In April 1978,Mohammad Daoud Khan was killed during a coup that started theSaur Revolution. ThePeople's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) revived the office of prime minister that year, and it remained throughout the 1980s.

The president was in charge of the appointment of the prime minister, who in turn appointed theCouncil of Ministers. The Council's stated purpose was to formulate and implement domestic and foreign policies, to formulate economic development plans and state budgets, and to ensure public order.

Under the 1987 Constitution, the president was required to appoint the prime minister in order to form the government. The prime minister had the power to dissolve the government. Several Afghan presidents during the Democratic Republic era were also appointed as prime minister. With theSoviet invasion of Afghanistan, the prime minister was no longer in charge of the government. The general secretary of the PDPA or the director of theKHAD exercised greater power.

Also, the 1990 Constitution established that only Afghan-born citizens are eligible to hold the office, something that was not specified in the previous documents.

Islamic State

[edit]
Main article:Islamic State of Afghanistan

After the collapse ofMohammad Najibullah's government, a transitional state was created. Thus, the office of prime minister once again played an important role in the history of the nation.

There was constant friction between the president and the premier during this period. The state had collapsed and there was not an effective central government from 1992 until 1996. Thus, the position becamede facto ceremonial, with little power in what was left of the government.

Islamic Emirate

[edit]
Main article:Taliban

The title was abolished when theTaliban forces of theIslamic Emirate of Afghanistan took over control in 1996. The deputy leader of the Taliban was often known as the prime minister throughout its rule. With the death ofMohammad Rabbani in 2001,[10] the Taliban decided not to revive the office.

Until September 1997, the government which the Taliban had ousted, which remained in rebellion until the end of the Taliban rule in 2001, had a prime minister in the government, but the position was abolished.

On September 7, 2021, the Taliban reinstated the position of prime minister with the formation of a new interim government.[8]

List of prime ministers

[edit]

(Dates in italics indicatede facto continuation of office)

NamePortraitLifespanTerm of officePolitical affiliation
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1973)
Shir Ahmadc. 1885–?25 October 1927January 19291 year, 2 monthsIndependent
Prime Minister; Deposed.
Shir Giyan[dubious –discuss]died 1929January 19291 November 192910 monthsSaqqawist
Prime Minister of theEmirate of Afghanistan (1929); Deposed.
Mohammad Hashim Khan1884–19531 November 19299 May 194616 years, 189 daysIndependent
Prime Minister; Member of theBarakzai dynasty.
Amanat LewanaUnknownc. 1944c. 1946c. 2 yearsUnknown
Prime Minister under kingSalemai;Eastern Province only during the1944–47 tribal revolts.
Shah Mahmud Khan1890–19599 May 19467 September 1953[11]7 years, 121 daysIndependent
Prime Minister; Member of the Barakzai dynasty.
Mohammad Daoud Khan1909–19787 September 195310 March 19639 years, 184 daysIndependent
Prime Minister; Member of the Barakzai dynasty.
Mohammad Yusuf1917–199810 March 19632 November 19652 years, 237 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal1919–19732 November 196511 October 19671 year, 343 daysIndependent
(until 1966)
Progressive Democratic Party
Prime Minister.
Abdullah Yaqta1914–200311 October 19671 November 196721 daysIndependent
Acting Prime Minister.
Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi1921–19791 November 19679 June 19713 years, 220 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
Abdul Zahir1910–19829 June 197112 November 19721 year, 156 daysIndependent
Prime Minister.
Mohammad Musa Shafiq1932–197912 November 197217 July 1973247 daysIndependent
Prime Minister; Deposed during the1973 coup d'état.[12]
Post abolished (17 July 1973 – 1 May 1978)
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (1978–1992)
Nur Muhammad Taraki1917–19791 May 197827 March 1979330 daysPeople's Democratic Party
(Khalq faction)
Chairman of theCouncil of Ministers.
Hafizullah Amin1929–197927 March 197927 December 1979275 daysPeople's Democratic Party
(Khalq faction)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers; Assassinated bySoviet special forces during theOperation Storm-333.[13]
Babrak Karmal1929–199627 December 197911 June 19811 year, 166 daysPeople's Democratic Party
(Parcham faction)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
Sultan Ali Keshtmandborn 193511 June 198126 May 19886 years, 350 daysPeople's Democratic Party
(Parcham faction)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers; First tenure.
Mohammad Hasan Sharqborn 192526 May 198821 February 1989271 daysIndependent
Chairman of the Council of Ministers; Appointed as part of theNational Reconciliation process.
Sultan Ali Keshtmandborn 193521 February 19898 May 19901 year, 76 daysPeople's Democratic Party
(Parcham faction)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers; Second tenure.
Fazal Haq Khaliqyar1934–20048 May 199015 April 19921 year, 343 daysPeople's Democratic Party
(Parcham faction)
(until June 1990)
Homeland Party
Chairman of the Council of Ministers; Resigned.
Islamic State of Afghanistan (1992–2002)
Abdul Sabur Farid Kohistani1952–20076 July 199215 August 199240 daysHezb-e Islami Gulbuddin
Prime Minister.
Post vacant (15 August 1992 – 17 June 1993)
Gulbuddin Hekmatyarborn 194717 June 199328 June 19941 year, 11 daysHezb-e Islami Gulbuddin
Prime Minister; First tenure.
Arsala Rahmani Daulat1937–201228 June 19941995≈ 1 yearIttehad-e Islami
Acting Prime Minister.
Ahmad Shah Ahmadzai1944–2021199526 June 1996≈ 1 yearIttehad-e Islami
Acting Prime Minister.
Gulbuddin Hekmatyarborn 194726 June 199611 August 19971 year, 46 daysHezb-e Islami Gulbuddin
Prime Minister; Second tenure; Fled Kabul following itsfall to the Taliban on 27 September 1996;[14] Continued to serve as Prime Minister in areas controlled by theNorthern Alliance during the1996–2001 Civil War; Between 1996 and 2001, the Islamic State remained the internationally recognized government, despite only controlling about 10% of Afghan territory.
Abdul Rahim Ghafoorzai1947–199711 August 199721 August 199710 daysIndependent
Prime Minister; Served only in areas controlled by theNorthern Alliance due to the1996–2001 Civil War; Between 1996 and 2001, the Islamic State remained the internationally recognized government, despite only controlling about 10% of Afghan territory; Killed in an aircraft crash.
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)
Mullah
Mohammad Rabbani		1955–200127 September 199613 April 20014 years, 198 daysTaliban
Deputy Head of the Supreme Council; Prime Minister; Deputy leader of the Taliban; Died in office;[15] Between 1996 and 2001, theIslamic Emirate never attained widespread international recognition, despitecontrolling about 90% of Afghan territory.[note 2]
Mawlawi
Abdul Kabir		born 195816 April 200113 November 2001211 daysTaliban
Acting Deputy Head of the Supreme Council; Acting Prime Minister; Deposed during thefall of Kabul.[17]
Post abolished (13 November 2001 – 7 September 2021)
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (2021–present)
Mullah
Hasan Akhund		between 1945 and 1958[18]7 September 2021Incumbent4 years, 78 daysTaliban
Prime Minister; Served in acting capacity until 15 August 2025;[1][2] TheIslamic Emirate currently has limited international recognition, despite controlling all Afghan territory.[note 3] Hasan Akhund spent 17 May to 17 July 2023 in Kandahar recovering from an illness, during which his deputy Abdul Kabir carried out the duties of the prime minister.[3][4]
Mawlawi
Abdul Kabir		born 195817 May 202317 July 202361 daysTaliban
Acting Prime Ministerpro tempore while Hasan Akhund was recovering from an illness.[22][3][4]

Timeline

[edit]

This is agraphical lifespan timeline of the heads of government of Afghanistan. They are listed in order of first assuming office.

The following chart lists heads of government by lifespan (living heads of government on the green line), with the years outside of their tenure in beige. Heads of government with an unknown birth date or death date are shown with only their tenure or their earlier or later life.

The following chart shows heads of government by their age (living heads of government in green), with the years of their tenure in blue. Heads of government with an unknown birth or death date are excluded. The vertical black line at 35 years indicates the minimum age to be chairman of the Council of Ministers during the existence of theDemocratic Republic of Afghanistan.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Hasan Akhund served in acting capacity until 15 August 2025.[1][2] Deputy Abdul Kabir carried out the duties of acting prime minister from 17 May 2023 to 17 July 2023 while Akhund was recovering from an illness.[3][4]
  1. ^Pashto:د افغانستان د افغانستان د اسلامي امارت لومړی وزیر,romanized: Də Afġānistān Islāmī Imārat lomři ozīr;Dari:رئیس الوزرای امارت اسلامی افغانستان,romanized: Raʾīs al-ozrāi Imārat-i Islāmī-yi Afghānistān
  2. ^Between 1996 and 2001, only threeUN member states—Pakistan,Saudi Arabia, and theUnited Arab Emirates (UAE)—recognized the Islamic Emirate as the rightful government of Afghanistan.[16]
  3. ^As of 2025, only oneUN member state—Russia—recognized the Islamic Emirate as the rightful government of Afghanistan.[19][20][21]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abc"Taliban Leader Removes 'Acting' Designation From All Government Posts".Afghanistan International. 15 August 2025. Retrieved31 October 2025.
  2. ^abcMalikzada, Natiq (19 August 2025)."Taliban Officials Are No Longer 'Acting'".The Diplomat. Retrieved25 August 2025.
  3. ^abcMohammad Farshad Daryosh (17 May 2023)."Mawlawi Kabir Appointed Acting PM As Mullah Hassan Akhund is Ill: Mujahid".TOLOnews.Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved18 September 2023.
  4. ^abcAdeeb, Fatema (9 September 2023)."Prime Minister's Absence From Meetings Raises Questions".TOLOnews.Archived from the original on 10 September 2023. Retrieved18 September 2023.
  5. ^Hakimi, Amina (5 December 2021)."Senior Officials' Salaries Reduced: MoF".TOLOnews.Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved21 February 2022.
  6. ^Kirby, Jen (13 September 2021)."What the Taliban's new government reveals about how they will rule".Vox.Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved17 February 2022.
  7. ^Dawi, Akmal (28 March 2023)."Unseen Taliban Leader Wields Godlike Powers in Afghanistan".Voice of America.Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved13 April 2023.
  8. ^ab"Taliban announce new government for Afghanistan".BBC News. 7 September 2021.Archived from the original on 7 September 2021. Retrieved7 September 2021.
  9. ^Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain. Richard S. Newell (1997). Peter R. Blood (ed.).Afghanistan: A Country Study.Federal Research Division. The Constitutional Period, 1964-73.
  10. ^Dugger, Celia W. (20 April 2001)."Muhammad Rabbani, Advocate of Some Moderation in Taliban".The New York Times.Archived from the original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved29 September 2012.
  11. ^"AFGHAN LEADER QUITS; Uncle of the King Resigns as Prime Minister".The New York Times. 8 September 1953.Archived from the original on 1 April 2022. Retrieved1 April 2022.
  12. ^"Afghan King Overthrown; A Republic Is Proclaimed".The New York Times. 18 July 1973.Archived from the original on 17 December 2017. Retrieved3 August 2021.
  13. ^"How Soviet troops stormed Kabul palace". BBC. 27 December 2009.Archived from the original on 31 December 2009. Retrieved3 August 2021.
  14. ^"Afghan Fundamentalists Sweep Into Kabul".The New York Times. 27 September 1996.Archived from the original on 1 April 2022. Retrieved30 March 2022.
  15. ^Celia W. Dugger (20 February 2001)."Muhammad Rabbani, Advocate Of Some Moderation in Taliban".The New York Times.Archived from the original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved1 April 2022.
  16. ^Guelke, Adrian (25 August 2006).Terrorism and Global Disorder – Adrian Guelke – Google Libros. Bloomsbury Academic.ISBN 9781850438038. Retrieved15 August 2012.
  17. ^David S. Rohde withDexter Filkins (13 November 2001)."Taliban Troops Abandon Capital Without a Fight".The New York Times.Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved30 March 2022.
  18. ^"Security Council 1988 Committee Amends 105 Entries on Its Sanctions List | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases".www.un.org.Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved8 September 2021.
  19. ^Trofimov, Yaroslav (13 September 2021)."As Taliban Seek International Acceptance, Countries Seek to Engage—but Stop Short of Recognition".Wall Street Journal.ISSN 0099-9660.Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved20 September 2021.
  20. ^Dawi, Akmal (20 December 2022)."Frustrated with the Taliban, US Officials Meet Anti-Taliban Figures".Voice of America. Archived fromthe original on 30 December 2022. Retrieved30 December 2022.The NRF has executed hit-and-run attacks against the Taliban in some parts of Afghanistan but has not been able to hold territory.
  21. ^Trevelyan, Mark (3 July 2025)."Russia becomes first country to recognise Taliban government of Afghanistan".Reuters. Retrieved3 July 2025.
  22. ^"Afghan Taliban appoint Mawlawi Abdul Kabir as new premier".The Express Tribune. 17 May 2023.Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved17 May 2023.

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toPrime ministers of Afghanistan.
Kingdom
Democratic Republic(Chairman)
Islamic State
Islamic Emirate(1996–2001)
Islamic Emirate(since 2021)
Heads of state and government of Asia
Heads
of state
UN members  
and observers
limited recognized states
Heads of
government
UN members  
and observers
limited recognized states
Supreme leaders
1 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Europe–Asia border.2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Africa–Asia border.
Prime ministers
by country
Africa
Asia
Europe
Americas
Oceania
Defunct title
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_Afghanistan&oldid=1320515173"
Categories:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp