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Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp

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1932 14-cylinder radial piston engine family by Pratt & Whitney

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R-1830 Twin Wasp
R-1830 on display at theImperial War Museum Duxford
Type	Radial engine
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Pratt & Whitney
First run	1932
Major applications	Consolidated B-24 Liberator Douglas C-47 Skytrain Douglas DC-3 Grumman F4F Wildcat Consolidated PBY Catalina Douglas TBD Devastator Short Sunderland Vickers Wellington
Number built	173,618^[1]
Variants	Pratt & Whitney R-2000 Twin Wasp

ThePratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp is an American air-cooledradial aircraft engine. It has 14 cylinders, arranged in two rings of seven. It displaces 1,830 cu in (30.0 L) and its bore and stroke are both 5.5 in (140 mm). The design traces its history to1929 experiments atPratt & Whitney on twin-row designs. Production began in 1932 and it was widely used during the 1930s.

It was selected as the power plant for both the four-enginedConsolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bomber and the twin-enginedDouglas DC-3 transport, two ofthe most-produced aircraft. The production run of 173,618 R-1830 examples^[1] makes it the most-produced aviation engine in history.

A further developed version, theR-2000, was produced starting in 1942. The R-2000 was"bored-out" to 5.75 in (146 mm) and had a number of other minor changes to improvefuel economy and allow it to run at higher power ratings on lower-octane fuel. The primary user of the R-2000 was theDouglas DC-4.

Mostly retired today, the R-1830 is still used on Douglas DC-3 and various museum aircraft andwarbirds seen at airshows. It is not manufactured anymore, but spares are still available and there is still a market for second-hand engines and parts.

Variants

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R-1830-1: 800 hp (600 kW)
R-1830-9: 850 hp (630 kW), 950 hp (710 kW)
R-1830-11: 800 hp (600 kW)
R-1830-13: 900 hp (670 kW), 950 hp (710 kW), 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-17: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-21: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-25: 1,100 hp (820 kW)
R-1830-33: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-35: 1,200 hp (890 kW) Fitted with GE B-2turbosupercharger
R-1830-41: 1,200 hp (890 kW) Fitted with GE B-2 turbosupercharger
R-1830-43: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-45: 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-49: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-64: 850 hp (630 kW), 900 hp (670 kW)
R-1830-65: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-66: 1,000 hp (750 kW), 1,050 hp (780 kW), 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-72: 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-75: 1,350 hp (1,010 kW)
R-1830-76: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-82: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-86: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-88: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-90: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-90-B: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-92: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-94: 1,350 hp (1,010 kW)
R-1830-S1C3-G: 1,050 hp (780 kW), 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-S3C4-G: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-S6C3-G: 1,100 hp (820 kW)
R-1830-SC-G: 900 hp (670 kW)
R-1830-SC2-G: 900 hp (670 kW), 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-SC3-G: 1,065 hp (794 kW) same engine built in Sweden as STWC-3G by SFA company for SwedishJ 22,B 17 andB 18.

Applications

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R-1830 mounted on the left wing of an ex-military Douglas C-47

RAF Dakota's Twin Wasp out for servicing

Bloch MB.176
Boeing XB-15
Budd RB Conestoga
Burnelli CBY-3
CAC Boomerang – Australian "emergency fighter"
CAC Woomera
Consolidated B-24 Liberator
Consolidated PBY Catalina
Consolidated PB2Y Coronado
Consolidated PB4Y Privateer
Curtiss P-36 Hawk
DAP Beaufort – Australian-built variants of Bristol Beaufort
Douglas C-47 Skytrain
Douglas DC-3
Douglas DB-7 – early variants only
Douglas TBD Devastator
FFVS J 22 – "emergency fighter"; built in-house by the Swedish Air Force
Grumman F4F Wildcat
I.Ae. 24 Calquin
Laird-Turner Meteor LTR-14
Lioré et Olivier LeO 453
Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar
Lisunov Li-3 – a Yugoslav version of the Lisunov Li-2
Martin Maryland
Martin M-130
Republic P-43 Lancer
Saab 17
Saab 18
Short Sunderland V
Seversky P-35
Vickers Wellington IV
VL Myrsky – Finnish "emergency fighter"
Vultee P-66 Vanguard

Engines on display

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Model R-1830-65 on display at theMuseo Nacional de Aeronautica, Buenos Aires, Argentina^{[citation needed]}
Model R-1830-86 on display at theNew England Air Museum,Bradley International Airport,Windsor Locks, Connecticut.^[2]
Model R-1830-90C on display at the Dutch aviation museumAviodrome
Model R-1830-92 displayed at theSmithsonian Institution'sNational Air and Space Museum inWashington, DC^[3]
Model R-1830 on display at theNortheast Classic Car Museum inNorwich, New York
Model R-1830 cut-away display at Airbase Arizona Museum in Mesa, Arizona^[4]

Specifications (R-1830-S1C-G)

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Pratt & Whitney R-1830 "Twin Wasp" (sectioned)

Data from^[5]^[6]

General characteristics

Type: Fourteen-cylinder two-row supercharged air-cooledradial engine
Bore: 5.5 in (139.7 mm)
Stroke: 5.5 in (139.7 mm)
Displacement: 1,829.4 cu in (29.978 L)
Length: 59.06 in (1,500 mm)
Diameter: 48.03 in (1,220 mm)
Dry weight: 1,250 lb (570 kg)

Components

Valvetrain: Twooverhead valves per cylinder
Supercharger: Single-speedGeneral Electric centrifugal type supercharger, 1:7.15 speed increase
Fuel system: Two-barrel Strombergcarburetor
Fuel type: 95-100octane rating gasoline
Cooling system: Air-cooled
Reduction gear:Epicyclic gearing, 3:2 (16:9 for many variants)

Performance

Power output:
1,200 hp (890 kW) at 2,700 rpm for takeoff
700 hp (520 kW) at 2,325 rpm cruise power at 13,120 ft (4,000 m)
Specific power: 0.66 hp/cu in (30.03 kW/L)
Compression ratio: 6.7:1
Specific fuel consumption: 0.49 lb/(hp•h) (295 g/(kW•h))
Power-to-weight ratio: 0.96 hp/lb (1.58 kW/kg)

References

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Notes

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^^a ^b- Archived (Nov. 11, 2013) manufacturer's product page, R-1830 Retrieved: 7 February 2019
^New England Air Museum Exhibit page R-1830-86 Twin Wasp Retrieved: 2 November 2013
^Collection: Pratt & Whitney Twin Wasp R-1830-92 Radial Engine Archived 9 April 2016 at theWayback Machine Retrieved: 3 December 2014
^"Arizona Commemorative Air Force Museum | Flying Tours | AZCAF".
^Tsygulev (1939).Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств) (in Russian).Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR. Archived fromthe original on 24 March 2009.
^"FAA TCDS A-669".

Bibliography

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Angelucci, Enzo (2006) [1988].Complete Book of World War II Combat Aircraft. VMB Publishers.ISBN 978-88-540-0829-8.
Bridgman, Leonard, ed.Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1951–1952. London: Samson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd 1951.
Gunston, Bill.World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines: From the Pioneers to the Present Day. 5th edition, Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2006.ISBN 0-7509-4479-X
White, Graham.Allied Aircraft Piston Engines of World War II: History and Development of Frontline Aircraft Piston Engines Produced by Great Britain and the United States During World War II. Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE International, 1995.ISBN 1-56091-655-9

External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toPratt & Whitney R-1830.

v t e Pratt & Whitney aircraft engines
Radial engines	R-985 R-1340 R-1535 R-1690 R-1830 R-1860 R-2000 R-2060 R-2180-A R-2180-E R-2270 R-2800 R-4360 Double Wasp Hornet (A) Hornet B Twin Hornet Twin Wasp (R-1830) Twin Wasp (R-2000) Twin Wasp E Twin Wasp Junior Wasp series Wasp Wasp Junior Wasp Major Yellow Jacket
H piston engines	X-1800/XH-2600 XH-3130 (XH-3730)
Free-piston gas turbines	PT1
Turbojets	JT3C JT4A JT6 JT7 JT8A JT9 JT11 JT12 J42 J48 J52 J57 J58 J60 J75 J91
Turbofans	GP7000† JT3D JT4D JT8D JT9D JTF10 JTF10A JT10D JTF14 JTF16 JTF17 JTF22 PW1000G PW1120 PW2000 PW4000 PW5000 PW6000 PW7000 PW9000 RTF-180† STF200 SuperFan† V2500† F100 F105 F117 F119 F135 F401 RM8† TF30 TF33 XA101 XA103
Turboprops/Turboshafts	APW34† JFTD12 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 T34 XT45 T52 XT57 T73 T800-APW† T900†
Propfans	578-DX†
Rocket engines	RL10 XLR-129
Aeroderivative gas turbine engines	FT3 FT4 FT8 FT9 FT12
Subsidiaries	Pratt & Whitney Canada Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne
Key people	Leonard S. Hobbs George J. Mead Wright Parkins Perry Pratt Frederick Rentschler Richard "Dick" Soderberg Andrew Willgoos
†Joint development aeroengines See also:Pratt & Whitney Canada aeroengines

v t e United States military piston aircraft enginedesignation system
H (four-bank H-configuration inline)	H-1640 XH-2240 XH-2470 XH-2600 XH-3130 XH-3730 H-4070
IV (inverted-V inline)	IV-1430 IV-2040 IV-2220
L (single-bank inline)	L-330 L-365 L-375 L-390 L-410 L-440 L-510 L-825
O (opposed)	O-15 O-40 O-45 O-90 O-100 O-145 O-150 O-170 O-175 O-180 O-190 O-200 (C) O-200 (F) O-205 O-235 O-290 O-300 O-335 O-360 (C) O-360 (L) O-405 O-425 O-435 O-470 O-480 O-520 O-540 (F) O-540 (L) O-550 O-580 O-805 O-1230
R (radial)	R-250 R-265 R-270 R-370 (LB) R-370 (K) R-420 R-440 R-500 R-540 (W) R-540 (K) R-545 R-550 R-600 R-670 R-680 R-720 R-755 R-760 R-790 R-830 R-915 R-975 DR-980 R-985 R-1044 R-1300 R-1340 R-1454 R-1510 R-1535 R-1640 R-1670 R-1690 R-1750 R-1820 R-1830 R-1860 R-2000 R-2060 R-2160 R-2180 R-2600 R-2800 R-3350 R-4090 R-4360 XR-7755
V (upright-V inline)	V-720 V-1150 V-1237 V-1400 V-1440 V-1460 V-1510 V-1560 V-1570 V-1650 (P) V-1710 V-1950 V-3420
V (inverted-V inline)	V-770 V-1650 (L)
VG (inverted-V inline)	VG-1410
W (three-bank W-configuration inline)	W-2779
See also:X-1800 US military gas turbine aeroengines Piston engine configurations