Native Americans have inhabited the area for about 12,000 years. The competitive tribes of theAlgonquian-speakingAbenaki andIroquoian-speakingMohawk were active in the area at the time of European encounter. During the 17th century, French colonists claimed the territory as part ofNew France. Conflict arose when theKingdom of Great Britain began to settle colonies to the south along the Atlantic coast; France was defeated in 1763 in theSeven Years' War, ceding its territory east of theMississippi River to Britain. Thereafter, the nearby BritishThirteen Colonies disputed the extent of the area called theNew Hampshire Grants to the west of theConnecticut River, encompassing present-day Vermont. The provincial government of New York sold land grants to settlers in the region, which conflicted with earlier grants from the government of New Hampshire. TheGreen Mountain Boys militia protected the interests of the established New Hampshire land grant settlers. Ultimately, a group of settlers with New Hampshire land grant titles established theVermont Republic in 1777 as an independent state during theAmerican Revolutionary War. The Vermont Republicabolished slavery before any other U.S. state. It wasadmitted to the Union in 1791 as the 14th state.
The geography of the state is marked by theGreen Mountains, which run north–south up the middle of the state, separatingLake Champlain and other valley terrain on the west from theConnecticut River Valley that defines much of its eastern border. A majority of its terrain is forested with hardwoods andconifers. The state has warm, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. (Full article...)
Allen was born in ruralConnecticut and had a frontier upbringing, but he also received an education that included some philosophical teachings. In the late 1760s, he became interested in theNew Hampshire Grants, buying land there and becoming embroiled in the legal disputes surrounding the territory. Legal setbacks led to the formation of theGreen Mountain Boys, whom Allen led in a campaign of intimidation and property destruction to drive New York settlers from the Grants. He and thePatriot-aligned Green Mountain Boys seized the initiative early in the Revolutionary War and capturedFort Ticonderoga in May 1775. In September 1775, Allen led a failedattempt on Montreal which resulted in his capture by the British. He was imprisoned aboard ships of theRoyal Navy, then paroled inNew York City, and finally released in aprisoner exchange in 1778. (Full article...)
Image 24Thegold leafdome of theVermont State House inMontpelier is visible for many miles around the city. This is the third State House on the site, and like the second, was built in theGreek Revival architectural style. It was completed in 1857. Montpelier became the state capital in 1805. (fromHistory of Vermont)
Image 44Vermont towns hold a March town meeting for voters to approve the town's budget and decide other matters.Marlboro voters meet in this building. (fromVermont)
Image 53Vermont in 1827. The county boundaries have since changed. (fromVermont)
Image 54Vermont towns hold a March town meeting for voters to approve the town's budget and decide other matters.Marlboro voters meet in this building. (fromVermont)
Image 55Population density of Vermont (fromVermont)
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