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The Television Portal

Flat-screen television receivers on display for sale at a consumer electronics store in 2008

Television (TV) is atelecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. Additionally, the term can refer to a physical television set rather than the medium oftransmission. Television is amass medium for advertising, entertainment, news, and sports. The medium is capable of more than "radio broadcasting", which refers to an audio signal sent toradio receivers.

Television became available in crude experimental forms in the 1920s, but only after several years of further development was the new technology marketed to consumers. After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white television broadcasting became popular in the United Kingdom and the United States, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions. During the 1950s, television was the primary medium for influencingpublic opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the U.S. and most other developed countries.

In 2013, 79% of the world's households owned a television set. The replacement of earliercathode-ray tube (CRT) screen displays with compact, energy-efficient, flat-panel alternative technologies such asLCDs (bothfluorescent-backlit andLED),OLED displays, andplasma displays was a hardware revolution that began with computer monitors in the late 1990s. Most television sets sold in the 2000s were stillCRT, and it was only in early 2010s that flat-screen TVs decisively overtook CRT. Major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT,Digital Light Processing (DLP), plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. LEDs are being gradually replaced by OLEDs. Also, major manufacturers have started increasingly producing smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet andWeb 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s.^{[better source needed]} (Full article...)

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Actor Dominic Monaghan plays Charlie Pace in Lost

"Greatest Hits" is the twenty-first episode of the third season ofLost and sixty-eighth episode of the series. It was written by co-executive producersEdward Kitsis andAdam Horowitz and directed by supervising producerStephen Williams. The episode first aired on May 16, 2007 on theAmerican Broadcasting Company in the United States and onCTV in Canada. "Greatest Hits" was viewed by 12 million Americans and was well received by critics. The episode takes place on December 22, 2004, 92 days after the crash ofOceanic Airlines Flight 815. A group of survivors prepare for an upcoming raid on their camp by the "Others", while the rest prepare to contact a nearby freighter.Charlie Pace (played byDominic Monaghan) recounts the five greatest moments of his life, which are depicted in flashbacks, as he prepares to fulfillDesmond Hume's (Henry Ian Cusick) premonitions of his death.

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Satellite dishes at Erdfunkstelle Raisting, Germany

Credit:Christian Allinger from Oberau, Deutschland

Asatellite dish is a type ofparabolic antenna designed with the specific purpose of transmitting signals to and/or receiving fromsatellites. A satellite dish is a particular type ofmicrowave antenna. Satellite dishes come in varying sizes and designs, and are most commonly used to receivesatellite television.

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... thatIce King, the antagonist of television seriesAdventure Time, was at first received negatively by critics but later praised for representing mental health issues such asAlzheimer's disease?
... thatWyoming PBS is only available tosatellite-television customers in five of the state's twenty-three counties?
... that country music singerWaylon Jennings earned hisGED by watching tapes of aKentucky Educational Television series on his tour bus?
... that singerTati Penna was considered one of the first feminists on Chilean television?
... thata Delaware TV station that had once hoped to present the "best of television" was forced to switch tohome shopping after less than five months on the air?
... thatUncle Waffles learned how to DJ during theCOVID-19 lockdowns, and then retired from being anEswatini TV presenter once her music career took off?

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There are now more TVs in British households than there are people - which is a bit of a worry.

—Charles, Prince of Wales

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...thatRichard Hanley's bookSouth Park and Philosophy: Bigger, Longer, and More Penetrating analyzes issues ofapplied ethics as presented inSouth Park?

...that the fight scene between Peter Griffin and a giant chicken onFamily Guy episodeBlind Ambition was originally created for the episodeCleveland Loretta Quagmire?

...that theABC television network created controversy when they licensed and produced a doll based on fictional rapistTodd Manning?

..that thetime traveling premise featured in theChrono series ofvideo games was inspired by suchtelevision programs asThe Time Tunnel?

...that theZambian district ofChiengi has notelevision ortelephone service?

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Sorkin in 2016

Aaron Benjamin Sorkin (born June 9, 1961) is an American screenwriter, playwright, and filmmaker. As a writer for stage, television, and film, he is recognized for his trademark fast-paced dialogue and extended monologues, complemented by frequent use of the storytelling technique called the "walk and talk". Sorkin has earnednumerous accolades including anAcademy Award, aBAFTA Award, fivePrimetime Emmy Awards, threeGolden Globes, and twoWGA Awards, in addition to aLaurence Olivier Award nomination.

Born in New York City, Sorkin developed a passion for writing at an early age. He rose to prominence as a writer-creator andshowrunner of the television seriesSports Night (1998–2000),The West Wing (1999–2006),Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–07), andThe Newsroom (2012–14). He is also known for his work onBroadway including the playsA Few Good Men (1989),The Farnsworth Invention (2007),To Kill a Mockingbird (2018), and the revival ofLerner and Loewe's musicalCamelot (2023). (Full article...)

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The following are images from various television-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1LG Electronics smart TV from 2011 (fromSmart TV)
Image 2Color bars used in atest pattern, sometimes used when no program material is available (fromHistory of television)
Image 3The earliest photograph of a television picture, showing the face ofOliver Hutchinson in June 1926. The television picture was projected using Baird's television camera. (fromHistory of television)
Image 4ThePhilco Predicta, 1958. In the collection ofThe Children's Museum of Indianapolis (fromHistory of television)
Image 5An early Smart TV from 2012 running the discontinued Orsay platform (fromHistory of television)
Image 6Tihanyi' Radioskop patent (1926) was recognized as Document of Universal Significance by the UNESCO (fromHistory of television)
Image 7Philo Farnsworth in 1924 (fromHistory of television)
Image 8LG smart TV using the Web browser (fromSmart TV)
Image 9Comparison of image quality betweenISDB-T (1080i broadcast, top) andNTSC (480i transmission, bottom) (fromDigital television)
Image 10This live image of actressPaddy Naismith was used to demonstrateTelechrome,John Logie Baird's first all-electronic color television system, which used two projection CRTs. The two-color image would be similar to the basic Telechrome system. (fromColor television)
Image 11RCA 630-TS, the first mass-produced television set, which sold in 1946–1947 (fromHistory of television)
Image 12TheNipkow disk. This schematic shows the circular paths traced by the holes, which may also be square for greater precision. The area of the disk outlined in black shows the region scanned. (fromHistory of television)
Image 13Hovannes Adamian c. 1900s (fromColor television)
Image 14DBS satellite dishes (fromHistory of television)
Image 15Manfred von Ardenne in 1933 (fromHistory of television)
Image 16Smart TVs on display (fromSmart TV)
Image 17An RCA Victor Color TV ad featuring millinerLilly Daché in 1959. (fromColor television)
Image 18A map depictingdigital terrestrial television standards (fromDigital television)
Image 19Ad for the beginning of experimental television broadcasting in New York City by RCA in 1939 (fromHistory of television)
Image 20First television test broadcast transmitted by the NHK Broadcasting Technology Research Institute in May 1939 (fromHistory of television)
Image 21The first mass-produced Czechoslovak TV-set Tesla 4001A (1953–57) (fromHistory of television)
Image 22Samsung's discontinued Orsay platform (fromSmart TV)
Image 23John Logie Baird in 1925 with his televisor equipment and dummies "James" and "Stooky Bill"(right) (fromHistory of television)
Image 24RCACT-100 at theSPARK Museum of Electrical Invention playingSuperman. The RCA CT-100 was the first mass-produced color TV set. (fromColor television)
Image 25Ferdinand Braun (fromHistory of television)
Image 26Family watching TV, 1958 (fromHistory of television)

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Featured lists have been determined by the Wikipedia community to be the best lists on English Wikipedia.

Image 1
Richardson in the 1962 film,Long Day's Journey into Night

Sir Ralph Richardson (1902–1983) was an English actor who appeared on radio, film, television and stage. Described byThe Guardian as "indisputably our most poetic actor", and by the director David Ayliff as "a natural actor ... [who] couldn't stop being a perfect actor", Richardson's career lasted over 50 years. He was—in the words of his biographer,Sheridan Morley—one "of the three great actorknights of the mid-twentieth century", alongsideLaurence Olivier andJohn Gielgud.

After seeing a production ofHamlet starringSir Frank Benson, Richardson decided to become an actor and made his stage debut, playing agendarme inThe Bishop's Candlesticks in December 1920. After touring and appearing inrep, he made his London debut in July 1926 as the stranger inOedipus at Colonus. In 1930 he joinedthe Old Vic where he first met Gielgud, staying with the company until the following year. After service during the Second World War with theRoyal Naval Volunteer Reserve, he returned to acting, preferring the works of the more modern authorsLuigi Pirandello,Joe Orton,Harold Pinter,George Bernard Shaw andJ. B. Priestley to the classic plays ofShakespeare. A radio career ran in parallel to that on the stage, and Richardson was first broadcast inThe City in 1929. (Full article...)
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The first season of the Americantelevision comedyThe Office premiered in the United States onNBC on March 24, 2005, concluded on April 26, 2005, and consists of six episodes.The Office is an American adaptation of theBritish TV series, and is presented in amockumentary format, portraying the daily lives of office employees in theScranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitiousDunder Mifflin Paper Company. The season starsSteve Carell,Rainn Wilson,John Krasinski,Jenna Fischer, andB. J. Novak.

This season introduced the main characters, and established the general plot, which revolves aroundMichael Scott (Carell), regional manager of the Scranton branch office, trying to convince the filmmakers of the documentary that he presides over a happy, well-running office. Meanwhile, sales repJim Halpert (Krasinski) finds methods to undermine his cube-mate,Dwight Schrute (Wilson); receptionistPam Beesly (Fischer) tries to deal with Michael's insensitivities and flubs; and temporary employeeRyan Howard (Novak) is acting mostly as an observer of the insanity around him. (Full article...)
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Lady Gaga atA Star is Born (2018) premiere in London

American singerLady Gaga has released threevideo albums and has been featured in over fifty music videos. From her debut albumThe Fame (2008), she released music videos for the singles "Just Dance", "Poker Face", "Eh, Eh", "LoveGame", and "Paparazzi". In the latter, Gaga portrays a doomed starlet taking revenge on her lover. She also shot a video for the album's promotional single "Beautiful, Dirty, Rich". Gaga reissued her first album asThe Fame Monster (2009), preceded by a music video for the lead single "Bad Romance", which won aGrammy Award for Best Music Video and sevenMTV Video Music Awards, includingVideo of the Year in 2010. The following year,Jonas Åkerlund directed the music video for "Telephone"—a continuation of "Paparazzi"—which was shot as ashort film. It received an MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year nomination, and was named the Best Music Video of the Decade byBillboard in January 2015. For her 2010 video "Alejandro", Gaga received positive reviews from critics, though she was criticized by theCatholic League that allegedblasphemy.

Gaga's second studio albumBorn This Way (2011) released the music video for theeponymous lead single, in which she gives birth to a new race. The music video won theBest Female Video andBest Video with a Social Message awards at the2011 MTV Video Music Awards. In the following video, "Judas", she portraysMary Magdalene, andNorman Reedus plays thetitle role. The video for "The Edge of Glory" consists mostly of interchanging shots of Gaga dancing and singing on the street and was considered the simplest of her career. In the same year, she released "You and I", which focuses on her trying to get her boyfriend back in Nebraska. She also introduces her male alter ego Jo Calderone in the video. Gaga directed her 14-minute video for the final single "Marry the Night", which narrates her story to find success in the music industry, but she ultimately suffers setback. (Full article...)
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The Bellflower Bunnies (French:La Famille Passiflore) is a children's animated series based on theBeechwood Bunny Tales books byGeneviève Huriet,Amélie Sarn andLoïc Jouannigot. It debuted onTF1, a French television network, on 24 December 2001. Many French and Canadian companies have participated in the show's production over the years; TF1 has always been involved. The series is written by Valérie Baranski, and produced by Patricia Robert.Moran Caouissin directed the first season, andEric Berthier did the last two.

The show centres on the adventures and exploits of the Bellflower family, a clan of sevenrabbits who live in Beechwood Grove. The two adults in the family, Papa Bramble and Aunt Zinnia, take care of their five children: Periwinkle, Poppy, Mistletoe, Dandelion and Violette. (Full article...)
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Kristen Schaal's portrayal of Sarah Lynn in the episode "That's Too Much, Man!" earned her a nomination for thePrimetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance.

BoJack Horseman is an Americanadult animated tragicomedy created byRaphael Bob-Waksberg. Presented as asitcom set primarily inLos Angeles, the series tells the story of theeponymous anthropomorphic horse (voiced byWill Arnett), who is a washed-up star of a 1990s sitcom who plans his return to celebrity relevance with an autobiography to be written by human ghostwriterDiane Nguyen (Alison Brie). He also has to contend with his cat agentPrincess Carolyn (Amy Sedaris), human roommateTodd Chavez (Aaron Paul), and former dog rivalMr. Peanutbutter (Paul F. Tompkins), as well as his struggles withdepression andaddiction. The series premiered onNetflix on August 22, 2014, and concluded on January 31, 2020, after six seasons and77 episodes.

Despite mixed reviews upon its debut, critics were significantly more positive towards the second half of thefirst season, and the subsequent seasons received widespread critical acclaim.GQ hailed the show as one of the best of the decade, andIndieWire rankedBoJack Horseman as the greatest animated TV show of all time. The show has been lauded for its realistic take on depression,trauma, addiction,self-destructive behavior,racism,sexism,sexuality, and thehuman condition. (Full article...)
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The first season ofDesperate Housewives, an American television series created byMarc Cherry, commenced airing in the United States on October 3, 2004, concluded May 22, 2005, and consisted of 23 episodes. It tells the story ofMary Alice Young, a seemingly perfect housewife who commits suicide, fearing that a dark secret involving her, her husband, and their son would be exposed. At herwake, Mary Alice's four close friends and the main characters,Susan Mayer,Lynette Scavo,Bree Van de Kamp andGabrielle Solis, are introduced. All of them live in the suburb of Fairview onWisteria Lane. Narrating the series from beyond the grave, Mary Alice describes how her friends try to discover the reason for her suicide while dealing with the problems of their own personal lives.

Desperate Housewives first season aired in the United States (U.S.) on Sundays at 9:00 pmET onABC, aterrestrial television network. In addition to the 23 regular episodes, a special,Sorting Out the Dirty Laundry, aired on April 24, 2005. The season garnered an average of 23.7 million viewers in the U.S. per all 23 episodes, ranking as the fourth most-watched television series during the2004–05 American television season. In the United Kingdom, the season premiered onChannel 4 on January 5, 2005, and subsequently aired Wednesdays at 10 pm on the network. It aired in Canada onCTV Television Network and in Australia on theSeven Network. ('Full article...)
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Thefourth season of the Americananimated sitcomThe Simpsons aired onFox between September 24, 1992 and May 13, 1993. It began with "Kamp Krusty". Theshowrunners for the fourth production season wereAl Jean andMike Reiss. The aired season contained two episodes which were hold-over episodes fromseason three, which Jean and Reiss also ran. Following the end of the production of the season, Jean, Reiss and most of the original writing staff left the show. The season was nominated for twoPrimetime Emmy Awards andDan Castellaneta would win one for his performance as Homer and Barney in "Mr. Plow". The fourth season was released onDVD inRegion 1 on June 15, 2004,Region 2 on August 2, 2004, and inRegion 4 on August 25, 2004. (Full article...)
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The first season of the Americandrama thriller seriesQuantico premiered in the United States on theAmerican Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 27, 2015, and concluded on May 15, 2016.ABC Studios produced the season, with creatorJoshua Safran,Mark Gordon, Robert Sertner, Nicholas Pepper and Jake Coburn serving asexecutive producers.

Consisting of twenty-two episodes, season one followsAlex Parrish, the brightestFBI recruit in her class, who becomes an FBI field agent after graduating from theFBI Academy atQuantico, Virginia, and later becomes a prime suspect after a terrorist attack onGrand Central Terminal. Told using dual timelines, the narrative switches between the present, where Parrish runs from captivity to prove her innocence, and the past, which shows her training at the academy with her fellow recruits as details about their lives and relationships with one another are revealed. (Full article...)
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The third season of the AmericansitcomThe Office premiered in the United States onNBC on September 21, 2006, and concluded on May 17, 2007. The season had a total of 25 half-hours of material, divided into 16 half-hour episodes, five 40-minute "super-sized" episodes, and two one-hour episodes.The Office is an American adaptation of theBritish TV series as amockumentary portraying the daily lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitiousDunder Mifflin Paper Company. The season starsSteve Carell,Rainn Wilson,John Krasinski,Jenna Fischer, andB. J. Novak, with supporting performances fromMelora Hardin,David Denman,Ed Helms,Leslie David Baker,Brian Baumgartner,Kate Flannery,Mindy Kaling,Angela Kinsey,Paul Lieberstein,Oscar Nunez, andPhyllis Smith.

The season marked the move of main characterJim Halpert (John Krasinski) fromScranton toStamford, and also introducedRashida Jones asKaren Filippelli, andEd Helms asAndy Bernard—both members of Dunder Mifflin Stamford—as recurring characters. Helms would later be promoted to series regular. The main plot for the early episodes of the season deals with a recurring problem in seasons one and two—the problem of company downsizing—while in the last half of the season, intra-office relationships (specifically those among Pam, Jim, and Karen; Dwight and Angela; and Michael andJan Levinson) also become major plot points. (Full article...)
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The first season of the internationalfantasy seriesHighlander: The Series, part of theHighlander franchise, consisted of 22 episodes produced between 1992 and 1993, and began airing on October 3, 1992 inbroadcast syndication.Highlander: The Series follows the adventures ofDuncan MacLeod, a 400-year-oldImmortal who can only die if he is beheaded; conflict inevitably finds him because he is part of theGathering, an ongoing battle in which all Immortals have to fight and behead each other until only one is left. The season was released on DVD as a nine-disc boxed set on November 12, 2002 byAnchor Bay Entertainment. As of October 2025, It is also available on thestreaming services Prime Video andPeacock. (Full article...)
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The Philo T. Farnsworth Award being accepted by Goddard Space Flight Center engineer Richard Nafzger, actressJune Lockhart, andApollo 11 astronautBuzz Aldrin on behalf ofNASA in 2009.

ThePhilo T. Farnsworth Award (also called thePhilo T. Farnsworth Corporate Achievement Award) is a non-competitive award presented by theAcademy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS) as part of thePrimetime Engineering Emmy Awards to "an agency, company or institution whose contributions over time have significantly impacted television technology and engineering". (Full article...)
Image 12
The fifth season of theBleachanime series is named theBount Assault on Soul Society arc (バウント・尸魂界強襲篇,Baunto Sōru Sosaeti Kyōshū Hen). In the English adaptation of the anime released byViz Media, the title of the season is translated asThe Assault. The episodes are directed byNoriyuki Abe, and produced byTV Tokyo,Dentsu, andStudio Pierrot. Like the previous season, it does not adapt fromTite Kubo'smanga series of thesame name. Instead, it features an original, self-containedfiller story arc focusing on the invasion of theSoul Society, the home of theSoul Reapers, by the Bount, a race of vampiric beings that consume human souls to gain power.

The season aired from August 2006 to January 2007, onTV Tokyo. It lasted eighteen episodes. The English adaptation of the season aired onCartoon Network'sAdult Swim in the United States from December 2008 to April 2009. Four DVD compilations of the season were released byAniplex between January 24 and April 25, 2007. The first two DVD compilations contain four episodes of the season, and the last two contain five episodes.Viz Media released this season in four DVD volumes from December 15, 2009, to March 23, 2010. A DVD box set of the season was released on June 8, 2010.Manga Entertainment released the season in two DVDs for the United Kingdom on August 30 and November 1, 2010, while a box set was released on December 20, 2010. (Full article...)
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Hitohira (ひとひら; lit.Petal) is a Japaneseanimated television series. The episodes are directed byAkira Nishimori and produced by the Japaneseanimation studio XEBEC M2 andGenco. They are based on theHitohiramanga byIzumi Kirihara, and adapt the source material over twelve episodes. The episodes aired from March 28, 2007, to June 13, 2007, onAT-X,Chiba TV,Sun TV,TV Aichi,TV Kanagawa andTV Saitama.

Two pieces oftheme music are used for the episodes: one opening theme and one ending theme. The opening theme is "Yume, Hitohira" (夢、ひとひら; lit.Dream, Petal) by Yūko Asami, and the ending theme is "Smile" (スマイル,Sumairu) byMai Mizuhashi. (Full article...)
Image 14
John Ford with portrait and Academy Award, circa 1946

John Ford (1894–1973) was an Americanfilm director whose career spanned from 1913 to 1971. During this time he directed more than 130 films; however, nearly all of his silent films are lost. Born inMaine, Ford entered the filmmaking industry shortly after graduating from high school with the help of his older brother,Francis Ford, who had established himself as a leading man and director forUniversal Studios. After working as an actor,assistant director,stuntman, and prop man – often for his brother – Universal gave Ford the opportunity to direct in 1917. Initially working inshort films, he quickly moved into features, largely withHarry Carey as his star.

In 1920, Ford left Universal and began working for theFox Film Corporation. During the next ten years he directed more than 30 films, including the westernsThe Iron Horse (1924) and3 Bad Men (1926), both starringGeorge O'Brien, the war dramaFour Sons and the Irishromantic dramaHangman's House (both 1928 and both starringVictor McLaglen). In the same year as these last two films, Ford directed his firstall-talking film, the shortNapoleon's Barber. The following year, he directed his first all-talking feature,The Black Watch. (Full article...)
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Charlie Brooker, creator ofBlack Mirror

Black Mirror is a Britishscience fiction anthology series created byCharlie Brooker. The programme was inspired byThe Twilight Zone and explores technology and its side-effects. It began on the British television networkChannel 4 before moving to the American streaming platformNetflix and has run for seven series between 2011 and 2025. There are 33 episodes and oneinteractive film,Black Mirror: Bandersnatch. Episodes vary in length between 40 and 89 minutes and can be watched in any order. Actors rarely appear in more than one episode, though many instalments make small references known as "Easter eggs" to previous episodes, such as through in-universe news channels and briefly-seen text. In 2025, the episode "USSCallister" received a sequel episode titled "USSCallister : Into Infinity", marking it as the firstBlack Mirror story to receive a continuation.

The first two series comprised three episodes each and ran on Channel 4 in December 2011 and February 2013. After discussions for a third series fell through, a special entitled "White Christmas" was commissioned and aired in December 2014. The following year, Netflix commissioned twelve episodes, later splitting this into two series of six episodes that were released on 21 October 2016 and 29 December 2017. The interactive filmBandersnatch was spun out from the fifth series due to its complexity, debuting on 28 December 2018, and the delayed fifth series of three episodes premiered on 5 June 2019. The sixth series was released on 15 June 2023 and consists of five episodes. A seventh series was announced in November 2023, and was released on 10 April 2025. (Full article...)

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