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The Tamils portal Archaeological evidence from Tamil Nadu indicates a continuous history of human occupation for more than 3,800 years. In the Sangam period,Tamilakam was ruled by theThree Crowned Kings of theCheras,Cholas andPandyas. SmallerVelir kings and chieftains ruled certain territories and maintained relationship with the larger kingdoms. Urbanisation and mercantile activity developed along the coasts during the later Sangam period with the Tamilsinfluencing the regional trade in the Indian Ocean region. Artifacts obtained from excavations indicate the presence of earlytrade relations with the Romans. The major kingdoms to rule the region later were thePallavas (3rd–9th century CE), and theVijayanagara Empire (14th–17th century CE). The island of Sri Lanka often saw attacks from the Indian mainland with the Cholas establishing their influence across the island and across several areas in Southeast Asia in the 10th century CE. This led to the spread of Tamil influence and contributed to thecultural Indianisation of the region. Scripts brought by Tamil traders like theGrantha andPallava scripts, induced the development of many Southeast Asian scripts. TheJaffna Kingdom later controlled the Tamil territory in the north of the Sri Lanka from 13th to 17th century CE. European colonization began in the 17th century CE, and continued for two centuries until the middle of the 20th century. (Full article...) Selected article -show another TheSelf-Respect Movement is a popularhuman rights movement originating inSouth India aimed at achievingsocial equality for those oppressed by theIndian caste system, advocating for lower castes to developself-respect. It was founded in 1925 byS. Ramanathan, who invitedE. V. Ramasamy (also known as Periyar) to head the India againstBrahminism movement inTamil Nadu. The movement was extremely influential not only in Tamil Nadu, but also overseas in countries with largeTamil populations, such asSri Lanka,Burma, andSingapore. AmongSingapore Indians, groups like the Tamil Reform Association, and leaders such asThamizhavel G. Sarangapani were prominent in promoting the principles of the Self-Respect Movement among the local Tamil population through schools and publications. A number of political parties in Tamil Nadu, such asDravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) andAll India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) owe their origins to the Self-Respect Movement; the latter had a breakaway from the DMK in 1972. Both parties arepopulist with a generallysocial democratic orientation. (Full article...) General images
Selected biography -show anotherThechief minister of Tamil Nadu is thechief executive of theIndianstate ofTamil Nadu. In accordance with theConstitution of India, thegovernor is a state'sde jure head, butde facto executive authority rests with thechief minister. Following elections to theTamil Nadu Legislative Assembly, thestate's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form thegovernment. The governor appoints the chief minister, whosecouncil of ministers arecollectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to noterm limits. Since 1952,Tamil Nadu has had 12chief ministers, 13 includingV. R. Nedunchezhiyan, who twice acted in the role. Thelongest-serving chief minister,M. Karunanidhi fromDravida Munnetra Kazhagam, held the office for over eighteen years in multiple tenures, while he was the one who had the largest gap between two terms (nearly thirteen years). TheAll India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam's formergeneral secretaryJ. Jayalalithaa has the second-longest tenure, and its founderM. G. Ramachandran, the firstactor to become the chief minister inIndia, has the third-longest tenure, while his wifeV. N. Janaki Ramachandran has the shortest tenure (only 23 days). There have been four instances ofpresident's rule in Tamil Nadu, most recently in 1991. (Full article...) Categories Select [►] to view subcategories Select [►] to view subcategories TopicsTamil People Countrywide:India •Sri Lanka •Canada •Malaysia •Singapore •South Africa •England Related Ethnic Groups:Brahui •Gond •Kannadiga •Khonds •Kodava •Oraon •Malayali •Telugus •Tuluvas Related indigenous Groups:Badagas •Toda •Kuruba See also:List of Tamil people,Tamil script,Tamil Script Code for Information Interchange Related portalsWikiProjectsThings to do
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