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Portal:Speculative fiction/Horror

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Horror fiction is a genre offiction in any medium intended to scare, unsettle and horrify the audience. Historically, the cause of the "horror" experience has often been the intrusion of a disturbingsupernatural element into everyday human experience. Since the 1960s, any work of fiction with a morbid, gruesome,surreal, or exceptionallysuspenseful or frightening theme has come to be called "horror". Horror fiction often overlapsscience fiction orfantasy, all three categories of which are sometimes placed under the umbrella classificationspeculative fiction.

Haunting is sometimes used as aplot device in horror fiction and paranormal-based fiction. Legends abouthaunted houses have long appeared in literature. For example, theArabian Nights tale of "Ali the Cairene and the Haunted House in Baghdad" revolves around a house haunted bydjinns. The influence of theArabian Nights on modern horror fiction is certainly discernible in some of the work ofH. P. Lovecraft.

Achievements in horror fiction are recognized by numerous awards. TheHorror Writer's Association presents theBram Stoker Awards for Superior Achievement, named in honor ofBram Stoker, author of the seminal horror novelDracula. TheAustralian Horror Writers Association presents annualAustralian Shadows Awards. TheInternational Horror Guild Award was presented annually to works of horror and dark fantasy from 1995 to 2008. Other important awards for horror literature are as subcategories included within general awards for fantasy and science fiction in such awards as theAurealis Award.

Zombies are a popular feature in many horror works.

Selected horror profile

Bradbury in 1975
Ray Douglas Bradbury (August 22, 1920 – June 5, 2012) was an Americanfantasy,horror,science fiction, andmystery writer. Best known for hisdystopian novelFahrenheit 451 (1953) and for the science fiction stories gathered together asThe Martian Chronicles (1950) andThe Illustrated Man (1951), Bradbury is one of the most celebrated among 20th and 21st century American writers ofspeculative fiction. Bradbury's popularity has been increased by more than 20 filmed dramatizations of his works.

Bradbury was born inWaukegan, Illinois, to aSwedish immigrant mother and a father who was a power and telephonelineman. His paternal grandfather and great-grandfather were newspaper publishers. Bradbury was a reader and writer throughout his youth, spending much time in theCarnegie library inWaukegan, Illinois. He used this library as a setting for much of his novelSomething Wicked This Way Comes, and depicted Waukegan as "Green Town" in some of his other semi-autobiographical novels—Dandelion Wine,Farewell Summer—as well as in many of his short stories.

He attributes his lifelong habit of writing every day to an incident in 1932 when a carnival entertainer, Mr. Electrico, touched him on the nose with an electrified sword, made his hair stand on end, and shouted, "Live forever!" It was from then that Bradbury wanted to live forever and decided his career as an author in order to do what he was told: live forever. It was at that age that Bradbury first started to do magic. Magic was his first great love. If he had not discovered writing, he would have become a magician.

Selected horror work

Survival horror is asubgenre of video games inspired byhorror fiction that focuses on survival of the character and trying to scare the player(s). Although combat can be a part of the gameplay, the player is made to feel less powerful than in typical action games, because of limited ammunition, health, speed, or other limitations. The player is also challenged to find items that unlock the path to new areas, and solve puzzles at certain locations. Games make use of strong horror themes, and the player is often challenged to navigate dark maze-like environments, and react to unexpected attacks from enemies. Adventure games were the first games that attempted to creep out the players. Roberta Williams' first game, "Mystery House", was an Agatha Christie inspired murder mystery. "Mystery House" was one of the first graphical adventure games designed. "The Count" followed a year later and then "Transylvania" came out in 1982. The term "survival horror" was first used for the original Japanese release ofResident Evil in 1996 which was influenced by earlier games with a horror theme such as 1989'sSweet Home. The name has been used since then for games with similar gameplay, and has been retroactively applied to games as old asHaunted House from 1982. Starting with the release ofResident Evil 4 in 2005, the genre began to incorporate more features from action games and more traditional first-person and third-person shooter games, which has led game journalists to question whether long-standing survival horror franchises and many recent popular horror franchises have abandoned the genre and moved into a different distinct genre often referred to as "action horror".

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