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Welcome to theSingaporePortal

Singapore, officially theRepublic of Singapore, is anisland country andcity-state inSoutheast Asia. Its territory comprisesone main island,63 satellite islands and islets, andone outlying islet. The country is about onedegree of latitude (137 kilometres or 85 miles) north of theequator, off the southern tip of theMalay Peninsula, bordering theStrait of Malacca to the west, theSingapore Strait to the south along with theRiau Islands inIndonesia, theSouth China Sea to the east and theStraits of Johor along with theState of Johor inMalaysia to the north.

Inits early history, Singapore was a maritimeemporium known asTemasek; subsequently, it was a major constituent of several successivethalassocratic empires. Its contemporary era began in 1819, whenStamford Raffles established Singapore as anentrepôt trading post of theBritish Empire. In 1867, Singapore came under direct British control as part of theStraits Settlements. DuringWorld War II, Singapore wasoccupied by Japan in 1942 and returned to Britain as aCrown colony followingJapan's surrender in 1945. Singapore gainedself-governance in 1959 and in1963 became part of the new federation ofMalaysia, alongsideMalaya,North Borneo andSarawak.Ideological differences led to Singapore's expulsion from the federation two years later; it became an independentsovereign country in 1965. After early years ofturbulence and despite lacking natural resources and ahinterland, the nation rapidly developed to become one of theFour Asian Tigers.

As a highlydeveloped country, Singapore has thehighest PPP-adjusted GDP per capita in the world and is the only country in Asia with a AAAsovereign credit rating fromall major rating agencies. Identified as atax haven, it is a majoraviation,financial andmaritime shipping hub and has consistently been ranked as one of themost expensive cities forexpatriates andforeign workers. Singapore ranks highly in key social indicators:education,healthcare,housing,peacefulness,passport strength,personal safety andinfrastructure, with a highhome-ownership rate.Singaporeans enjoy one of thelongest life expectancies,fastest Internet connection speeds,lowest infant mortality rates andlowest levels of corruption in the world. Singapore isorganised into fiveregions, 55planning areas and hundreds ofsubzones. It has thethird highest population density of any country, although there are numerous green and recreational spaces as a result ofurban planning. With a multicultural population and in recognition of the cultural identities of the country's major ethnic groups, Singapore has fourofficial languages:English,Malay,Mandarin andTamil. English is thecommon language, with exclusive use in numerouspublic services.Multi-racialism is enshrined in the constitution and continues to shapenational policies.

Singapore is aparliamentary republic and its legal system is based oncommon law. While it isconstitutionally amulti-party democracy wherefree elections are regularly held, it functions as ade factoone-party state, with thePeople's Action Party (PAP) maintaining continuous political dominance since1959. The PAP's longstanding control has resulted in limitedpolitical pluralism and a highly centralised governance structure over national institutions. One of the five founding members ofASEAN, Singapore is also the headquarters of theAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat, thePacific Economic Cooperation Council Secretariat and is the host city of manyinternational conferences and events. Singapore is also a member of theUnited Nations, theWorld Trade Organization, theEast Asia Summit, theNon-Aligned Movement and theCommonwealth of Nations. (Full article...)

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Lyo andMerly were the officialmascots of the inaugural2010 Summer Youth Olympics held inSingapore. Lyo is an anthropomorphic red male lion whose name stands for "Lion of the Youth Olympics", while Merly is an anthropomorphic blue femaleMerlion whose name combines "mer" (meaning "sea") with "liveliness" and "youthfulness". The duo represent several Olympic values (such as excellence) and traits of Singapore (known as the Lion City). Cubix International designed the mascots, while another local company, Mascots and Puppets Specialists, developed theircostumes. Before and during the Youth Olympics, Lyo and Merly appeared in school events, launches and roadshows. They also participated in pre-National Day Parade activities, were displayed at competition venues and were featured in Youth Olympics memorabilia. (Full article...)

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Selected picture

Credit:Huaiwei (9 August 2004)

TheTanglin Police Division (or 'E' Division,Chinese: 东陵警区) is apolice division of theSingapore Police Force. It manages a varied, highly urbanised area of central Singapore, which includes the public housing towns ofBishan,Toa Payoh and parts ofKallang, large areas of private housing areas such as those inBukit Timah andNovena, as well as key commercial areas such asOrchard Road andClarke Quay.Read more...

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General images

The following are images from various Singapore-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Buddha Tooth Relic Temple and Museum (fromCulture of Singapore)
Image 2Upper Seletar Reservoir (fromGeography of Singapore)
Image 3Enlargeable, detailed map of Singapore (fromGeography of Singapore)
Image 4Deepavali decorations in Singapore. (fromCulture of Singapore)
Image 5Men ofChinese,Malay, andIndian ethnicities gather at a street corner in Singapore, circa 1900. (fromSingaporeans)
Image 6TheThian Hock Keng, completed in 1842, served as a place of worship for early immigrants. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 7Singapore's urban geography is often characterised by extensive use ofHDB flats, which the majority of citizens reside in. (fromGeography of Singapore)
Image 8Baedeker map of the city and environs, c. 1914
Image 91955 stamp with the portrait ofQueen Elizabeth II (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 10TheSultan Mosque, built in 1826 in theKampong Glam district, is the oldest and one of the largest mosque in Singapore. (fromSingaporeans)
Image 11Lieutenant-GeneralArthur Percival, led by a Japanese officer, marches under a flag of truce to negotiate the capitulation of Allied forces in Singapore, on 15 February 1942. It was the largest surrender of British-led forces in history. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 12St Andrew's Cathedral (fromSingaporeans)
Image 13TheJurong Industrial Estate was developed in the 1960s to industrialise the economy. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 14ThePlan of the Town of Singapore, or more commonly known as theJackson Plan orRaffles Town Plan. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 15Jurong Industrial Estate, Singapore, with Jurong Island in the background (fromGeography of Singapore)
Image 16A fragment of theSingapore Stone, inscribed with anIndic script, c. 10th to 13th century. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 17View of Bukit Batok Estate. Large scale public housing development has created high housing ownership among the population. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 18The old and the new Singapore as seen from an alley behind Boat Quay (2023) (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 19Chinese community in Singapore carrying theFlag of the Republic of China (writtenLong live the motherland) to celebrate the victory, also reflected the Chinese identity issues at that time. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 20Sign board with warnings in Singapore's four main languages: English, Chinese,Malay andTamil (fromCulture of Singapore)
Image 21Afternoonthunderstorms are a frequent occurrence in Singapore, which has anequatorial climate. (fromGeography of Singapore)
Image 22A hawker centre inLavender, Singapore (fromCulture of Singapore)
Image 23Centre square of Raffles Place (fromCulture of Singapore)
Image 24A statue of Raffles byThomas Woolner now stands in Singapore, near Raffles's landing site in 1819. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 25The Supertree Grove atGardens by the Bay (fromCulture of Singapore)
Image 26Old Supreme Court of Singapore (fromCulture of Singapore)
Image 27Traffic in Singapore, 1981. Prior to the introduction of theCertificate of Entitlement (COE) in 1990, vehicles per capita in Singapore was the highest inASEAN. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 28Mass Rapid Transit (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 29Hainanese chicken rice (fromSingaporeans)
Image 30Restoredshophouses running along a street in Chinatown, which reflects theVictorian architecture of buildings built in Singapore during the earlier colonial period, with styles such as thepainted ladies. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 31Quadrilingual sign forParliament House (fromSingaporeans)
Image 321890 German map of Singapore (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 33TheMao Kun map fromWubei Zhi which is based on the early 15th century maps ofZheng He showing Temasek (淡馬錫) at the top left, and Long Ya Men (龍牙門) on the right panel. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 34The Marina Bay Sands integrated resort. Opened in 2010, it has become a key feature of Singapore's modern skyline. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 35Shophouses in Singapore (fromSingaporeans)
Image 36Victoria Theatre and Concert Hall (fromSingaporeans)
Image 37Buddha Tooth Relic Temple and Museum (fromSingaporeans)
Image 38Japanese POWs are taken to work where they were made to clear up the city during the British reoccupation in September 1945
Image 39Fireworks over the Marina Bay skyline following the conclusion of the 2015 National Day Parade on 9 August 2015. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 40Portrait of Stamford Raffles byGeorge Francis Joseph, 1817 (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 41The country celebrates itsNational Day on 9 August each year. (fromHistory of Singapore)
Image 42A busy Victoria Dock, Tanjong Pagar, in the 1890s. (fromHistory of Singapore)

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Glenn Jeyasingam Knight (13 November 1944 – 19 February 2025) was a Singaporean lawyer. He was the first Director of theCommercial Affairs Department (CAD) when it was founded in 1984. He lost his post in 1991 after being convicted of corruption in a much-publicised trial. In 1998, he was again tried and convicted formisappropriating money while in office. Knight was allowed to return to practice as a lawyer in 2007. (Full article...)

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Did you know(auto-generated)

... thata train station in Singapore features an artwork with different types of chairs in a family tree?
... thatWee Toon Boon remained a member of theParliament of Singapore even after he began serving a prison sentence for corruption?
... that theLoyang Tua Pek Kong Temple in Singapore houses effigies of both theJade Emperor andMahaganapati?
... thatAmbo Sooloh pledged allegiance to the British government on behalf of allMalays in Singapore?
... that Singapore'sfirst R-rated play was performed despite the police finding parts of it "offensive"?
... thatChinese Garden MRT station did not originally have access to theChinese Garden?

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In this month

2 February 1963:Operation Coldstore takes place. At least 111 anti-government left-wing activists were arrested and detained, including key members of theBarisan Sosialis.
8 February 1819:Sir Stamford Raffles signs a treaty withSultan Hussein of Johor, thus marking thefounding of modern Singapore.
15–25 February 1915: TheSingapore Mutiny occurs as British Indiansepoys rose up against the British.
15 February 1942: TheFall of Singapore to the Japanese duringWorld War II. This was described byWinston Churchill as the "worst disaster" and "largest capitulation" in British history.
21 February 2008: TheInternational Olympic Committee awards the hosting rights to the inauguralYouth Olympic Games to Singapore.

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Photo of the The Majestic — The Majestic

... thatThe Majestic in Singapore was anopera house built bytin andrubber magnateEu Tong Sen in 1928 for his wife who was aCantonese opera fan?

...thatCentral Fire Station, the oldest existingfire station in Singapore, had only four portablewater pumps when it was completed in 1908?

... that Singaporean dancer,choreographer and teacherNeila Sathyalingam, who dances in theclassical Indian style, decided to devote her life to dance after performing forQueen Elizabeth II?

... that during theSingaporean parliamentary general election of 2011 the oppositionWorkers' Party won aGroup Representation Constituency for the first time?

...that althougharchaeologists in Singapore have discovered manyartifacts, they do not have government support for their work, and there is no centralised place to store the artifacts?

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Selected panorama

A daytime view of Singapore's Central Area

Credit:Chensiyuan

The skyline of Singapore'sCentral Business District in daytime. Notable landmarks in the picture includes the new and oldSupreme Court of Singapore and theskyscrapers in theMarina Bay area.

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Singapore topics

Communitarianism Caning Crime Driving Disability Women Education Demographics Eat Frozen Pork Five Cs Health Long hair in Singapore National Courtesy Campaign Singapore Marathon National Day Parade No U-turn syndrome OB marker Population planning Prostitution Public housing Public holidays Sex trafficking Smoking Social fund Water supply and sanitation
Culture	Art Architecture Cinema Cuisine Dance Gambling Languages Singapore English LGBT culture history Literature Mass media Music Religion Sports Singaporeans
Symbols	Anthem Coat of arms Flag Flower Lion head Merlion Pledge

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Related portals

Southeast Asia

Other Countries

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Tasks

Check for latest announcements and updates at theWikiProject Singapore
Make yourself known as aSingaporean Wikipedian
Create or improve on the articles listed in theto do list
Share with us your level of proficiency inSinglish by putting one of the 4 SinglishBabel tags (1 2 3 4) onto your user page
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