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Rock music is agenre ofpopular music that originated in the United States as "rock and roll" in the late 1940s and early 1950s, developing into a range of styles from the mid-1960s, primarily in the United States and United Kingdom. It has its roots in rock and roll, a style that drew from the black musical genres ofblues andrhythm and blues, as well as fromcountry music. Rock also drew strongly from genres such aselectric blues andfolk, and incorporated influences fromjazz and other styles. Rock is typically centered on theelectric guitar, usually as part of a rock group withelectric bass guitar,drums, and one or more singers.
Usually, rock is song-based music with a4
4 time signature and using averse–chorus form; however, the genre has become extremely diverse. Likepop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political. Rock was the most popular genre of music in the U.S. and much of thewestern world from the 1960s up to the 2010s.
Rock musicians in the mid-1960s began to advance the album ahead of the single as the dominant form of recorded music expression and consumption, withthe Beatles at the forefront of this development. Their contributions lent the genre a cultural legitimacy in the mainstream and initiated a rock-informedalbum era in the music industry for the next several decades. By the late 1960s "classic rock" period, a few distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids likeblues rock,folk rock,country rock,southern rock,raga rock, andjazz rock, which contributed to the development ofpsychedelic rock, influenced by the counterculturalpsychedelic and hippie scene. New genres that emerged includedprogressive rock, which extended artistic elements,heavy metal, which emphasized an aggressive thick sound, andglam rock, which highlighted showmanship and visual style. In the second half of the 1970s,punk rock reacted by producing stripped-down, energetic social and political critiques. Punk was an influence in the 1980s onnew wave,post-punk and eventuallyalternative rock. (Full article...)
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Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous bands,Green River andMother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with their debut albumTen (1991).Ten stayed on the USBillboard200 chart for nearly five years, and has gone on to become one of the highest-selling rock albums ever, being certified13× platinum by theRecording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Released in 1993, Pearl Jam's second album,Vs., sold over 950,000 copies in its first week of release, setting the record for most copies of an album sold in its first week of release at the time. Their third album,Vitalogy (1994), became the second-fastest-selling CD in history at the time, with more than 877,000 units sold in its first week.
Pearl Jam's members often shunned popular music industry practices such as making music videos or participating in interviews. The band unsuccessfully suedTicketmaster in 1994, claiming it had monopolized the concert-ticket market. In 2006,Rolling Stone described the band as having "spent much of the past decade deliberately tearing apart their own fame".
Pearl Jam had sold more than 100 million albums worldwide by 2018, including nearly 32 million albums in the United States by 2012, making them one of thebest-selling bands of all time. Pearl Jam was inducted into theRock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017 in its first year of eligibility. They were ranked eighth in a readers' poll byRolling Stone magazine in its "Top Ten Live Acts of All Time" issue. Throughout its career, the band has promoted wider social and political issues, such asabortion rights sentiments and opposition toGeorge W. Bush's presidency, with Vedder acting as its spokesman on these issues. (Full article...)
At 16, Perry released agospel album titledKaty Hudson (2001) underRed Hill Records, which was unsuccessful. She moved to Los Angeles at 17 to venture intosecular music, and later adopted her stage name from her mother's maiden name. Perry recorded an album while signed toColumbia Records, but was dropped before signing toCapitol Records. She rose to fame withOne of the Boys (2008), apop rock album containing her debut single "I Kissed a Girl" and follow-up single "Hot n Cold", which reached number one and three on the U.S.Billboard Hot 100 respectively.
Perry'sdisco-influenced pop recordTeenage Dream (2010) became the only album by a female artist to spawn five U.S. number-one singles: "California Gurls", "Teenage Dream", "Firework", "E.T.", and "Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)". Its reissue, subtitledThe Complete Confection (2012), produced the U.S. number-one single "Part of Me". Thedance-inspiredPrism (2013) spawned two U.S. number-one singles, "Roar" and "Dark Horse", with their respective music videos making Perry the first artist to have multiple videos reach one billion views onVevo andYouTube. Her following albums—Witness (2017),Smile (2020) and143 (2024)—were released to varying critical and commercial success.
Six of Perry's songs have received Diamond certifications from theRecording Industry Association of America (RIAA).Her accolades include aBillboard Spotlight Award, 19Guinness World Records, fiveBillboard Music Awards, fiveAmerican Music Awards, aBrit Award, aJuno Award, and theMichael Jackson Video Vanguard Award. Outside of music, she released an autobiographical documentary titledKaty Perry: Part of Me in 2012, voicedSmurfette inThe Smurfs film series (2011–2013), and launched her own shoe lineKaty Perry Collections in 2017. Perry served as a judge onAmerican Idol from thesixteenth season in 2018 to thetwenty-second season in 2024. With an estimated net worth of $360 million, she isamong the world's wealthiest musicians. (Full article...)
Laid Back is the debut solo studio album by American singer-songwriterGregg Allman, released in October 1973 byCapricorn Records. Allman, best known as the vocalist/lyricist/organist ofthe Allman Brothers Band, first began considering a solo career after internal disagreements with that group. He developed the album as a small creative outlet wherein he would assume full control, and he co-produced the album alongsideJohnny Sandlin.Laid Back was largely recorded in March 1973 atCapricorn Sound Studios inMacon, Georgia, with additional recording and mixing taking place at theRecord Plant by Manhattan Recording Engineer, Jim Reeves in New York City.
The album explores Allman's varying influences, includingrhythm and blues andsoul music. It consists of severalcover songs, originals, and a traditionalhymn, and contains performances from a host of musicians, most notablyScott Boyer andTommy Talton on guitars,Chuck Leavell on piano,Charlie Hayward on bass guitar, and Bill Stewart on drums. The album was created while Allman also worked onBrothers and Sisters, the fourth Allman Brothers album. The album title was a studio term Allman coined for relaxing a song'stempo. The album cover was painted byAbdul Mati Klarwein.
Upon its release,Laid Back received positive reviews from music critics, and it peaked at number 13 onBillboard'sTop LPs & Tape chart. To support the album, Allman embarked on an ambitious tour, consisting of a full band and an entirestring orchestra. Two singles were released to promote the record, withlead single "Midnight Rider" becoming a top 20 hit in the U.S. and Canada. It was certifiedgold by theRecording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1974 for shipping 500,000 copies in the U.S., making it one of Allman's best-selling albums. (Full article...)
"One Tree Hill" is a song by Irishrock bandU2 and the ninth track on their 1987 albumThe Joshua Tree. In March 1988, it was released as the fourth single from the album in New Zealand and Australia, while "In God's Country" was released as the fourth single in North America. "One Tree Hill" charted at number one on theNew Zealand Singles Chart and was the country's second-most-successful hit of 1988.
The track was written in memory of Greg Carroll, a New Zealander the band first met inAuckland duringthe Unforgettable Fire Tour in 1984. He became very close friends with lead singerBono and later served as aroadie for the group. Carroll was killed in July 1986 in a motorcycle accident in Dublin. After Carroll'stangi (funeral) in New Zealand, Bono wrote the lyrics to "One Tree Hill" in his memory. The lyrics reflect Bono's thoughts at the tangi and during his first night in New Zealand when Carroll took him up Auckland'sOne Tree Hill. They also pay homage to Chilean singer-songwriter and activistVíctor Jara. Musically, the song was developed in ajam session with producerBrian Eno. The vocals were recorded in a single take, as Bono felt incapable of singing them a second time.
"One Tree Hill" was received favourably by critics, who variously described it as "a soft, haunting benediction", "a remarkable musical centrepiece", and a celebration of life. U2 delayed performing the song on theJoshua Tree Tour in 1987 because of Bono's fears over his emotional state. After its live debut on the tour's third leg and an enthusiastic reaction from audiences, the song was played occasionally for the rest of the tour and semi-regularly during theLovetown Tour of 1989–1990. It has appeared only sporadically since then, and most renditions were performed in New Zealand. Performances in November 2010 on theU2 360° Tour were dedicated to the miners who died in thePike River Mine disaster. Duringthe Joshua Tree Tours 2017 and 2019 to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the album, "One Tree Hill" was performed at each show. (Full article...)
Hard rock orheavy rock is a heavier subgenre ofrock music typified by aggressive vocals anddistortedelectric guitars. Hard rock began in the mid-1960s with thegarage,psychedelic andblues rock movements. Some of the earliest hard rock music was produced bythe Kinks,the Who,the Beatles,the Rolling Stones,Cream,Vanilla Fudge, andthe Jimi Hendrix Experience. In the late 1960s, bands such asBlue Cheer,the Jeff Beck Group,Iron Butterfly,Led Zeppelin,Creedence Clearwater Revival,Golden Earring,Steppenwolf,Grand Funk Railroad,Free, andDeep Purple also produced hard rock.
The genre developed into a major form ofpopular music in the 1970s, with the Who, Led Zeppelin and Deep Purple being joined byBlack Sabbath,Alice Cooper,Aerosmith,Kiss,Queen,AC/DC,Thin Lizzy andVan Halen. During the 1980s, some hard rock bands moved away from their hard rock roots and more towardspop rock. Established bands made a comeback in the mid-1980s and hard rock reached a commercial peak in the 1980s withglam metal bands such asMötley Crüe,Bon Jovi andDef Leppard as well as the rawer sounds ofGuns N' Roses which followed with great success in the later part of that decade. (Full article...)
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Physical Graffiti is the sixth studio album by the Englishrock bandLed Zeppelin. Released as adouble album on 24 February 1975 in the United States and on 28 February 1975 in the United Kingdom, it was the group's first album to be released under their new label,Swan Song Records. The band wrote and recorded eight new songs for the album in early 1974 atHeadley Grange, a country house inHampshire, which gave them ample time to improvise arrangements and experiment with recording. The total playing time covered just under three sides of an LP, so they decided to expand it into a double album by including seven previously unreleased tracks from the sessions for the band's earlier albumsLed Zeppelin III (1970),Led Zeppelin IV (1971) andHouses of the Holy (1973). The album covered a range of styles includinghard rock,progressive rock,rock 'n' roll andfolk. The album was then mixed over summer 1974 and planned for an end-of-year release; however, its release was delayed because thePeter Corriston-designeddie-cut album cover proved difficult to manufacture.
Physical Graffiti was commercially and critically successful upon its release and debuted at number one on album charts in the UK and number three in the United States. It was promoted by a successful U.S. tour and a five-night residency atEarl's Court, London. The album has been reissued on CD several times, including an expansive 40th anniversary edition in 2015.Physical Graffiti was later certified16× platinum in the United States by theRecording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2006, signifying shipments of over eight million copies in the US. (Full article...)
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