Peru, officially theRepublic of Peru, is a country in westernSouth America. It is bordered to the north byEcuador andColombia, to the east byBrazil, to the southeast byBolivia, to the south byChile, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is amegadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of theAndes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropicalAmazon basin rainforest in the east with theAmazon River. Peru hasa population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city isLima. At 1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi), Peru is the19th largest country in the world, and thethird largest in South America.
Peru's population includesMestizos,Amerindians,Europeans,Africans, andAsians. The main spoken language isSpanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speakQuechuan languages,Aymara, or otherIndigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such asart,cuisine,literature, andmusic. Peru has recently gained international recognition for its vibrant gastronomy, blending Indigenous, Spanish, African, and Asian influences. Lima is now considered a global culinary capital, home to award-winning restaurants likeCentral and Maido. (Full article...)
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Aerial view of Sabancaya, the summit in the left background is Ampato
Sabancaya is an activestratovolcano in theAndes of southernPeru, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest ofArequipa. It is considered part of theCentral Volcanic Zone of the Andes, one of the three distinct volcanic belts of the Andes. The Central Volcanic Zone includes a number of volcanoes, some of which, likeHuaynaputina, have had large eruptions, and others, such as Sabancaya andUbinas, have been active in historical time. Sabancaya forms a volcanic complex together withHualca Hualca to the north andAmpato to the south and has eruptedandesite anddacite. It is covered by a smallice cap, which leads to a risk oflahars during eruptions.
Sabancaya has generated numerous longlava flows, especially during the earlyHolocene, while activity in the later Holocene has been moreexplosive. Historical reports indicate eruptions during the 18th century. The volcano returned to activity in 1986, culminating in a large eruption in 1990. Since then, it has been continuously active with the emission of ash and gas. (Full article...)
ThePeruvian population has been formed by the combination of different groups over five centuries.Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory for several millennia beforeSpanish conquest in the 16th century.Spaniards andAfricans arrived in large numbers under colonial rule, mixing widely with each other and with Indigenous peoples. After independence, there has been a gradualEuropean immigration.Chinese arrived in the 1850s and have since become a major influence. Other immigrant groups includeArabs andJapanese. (more...)
TheNaval Battle of Iquique was a confrontation occurred on May 21, 1879; during the naval stage of theWar of the Pacific, a conflict betweenChile and the alliance between Peru and Bolivia. This battle took place on the shores of the Peruvian port of Iquique, where the Peruvian ironcladHuáscar, commanded by theCaptain Miguel Grau Seminario sunk theEsmeralda, an old Chilean wooden corvette led by CaptainArturo Prat Chacón; after four hours of combat. This event has become one of the most emblematic battles of this war due to the glorification of the fallen Chilean captain Prat and Peruvian Captain Miguel Grau's noble gesture of saving the enemy crew and rescuing Prat's body. (more...)
Image 5Colonialtapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (fromHistory of Peru)
Image 21Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (fromHistory of Peru)
Image 22Peru's football team in 1970; the ethnic diversity of Peruvians is visible, with players showing African, Amerindian and European ancestry in various mixes. (fromDemographics of Peru)
Image 23Territorial changes after the war (fromHistory of Peru)
Image 27Colonialtapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (fromHistory of Peru)
WhilePeru accounts for about four per cent of the world's annual renewablewater resources, over 98% of its water is available east of theAndes, in theAmazon region. The coastal area of Peru, with most of economic activities and more than half of the population, receives only 1.8% of the nationalfreshwater renewable water resources. Economic and population growth are taking an increasing toll on water resources quantity and quality, especially in the coastal area of Peru.
The government of Peru is currently undertaking a major transformation of itswater resources management from a centralized approach focused onirrigation development in the coastal area to a river basin integrated water resources management for the entire country. The 2009 Water Resources Law (Ley de Recursos Hídricos) and the draft National Water Resources Management Strategy of 2004 (Estrategia Nacional para la Gestión de los Recursos Hídricos Continentales del Perú) contain the necessary elements forIntegrated Water Resources Management as stated in international good practices namely, integration of sectoral policies, participation of stakeholders, decentralization of management to the river basin level and recognition of water as a social and economic good. Despite the new law, several key challenges remain, including limited institutional capacity, increasing water stress in the coastal region, deteriorating water quality, poor efficiency in the irrigation sector, as well as inadequate access to and poor quality of water supply and sanitation. (Full article...)
... that a bust of former Peruvian presidentJustiniano Borgoño was stolen from its pedestal by thieves?
... that dominant males ofPerugia's limia may be so preoccupied with fighting each other that the females end up mating with the subordinate males?
... that the attorney of thelast person executed by Peru requested Pope John Paul II's intervention to save his client's life?
... that Swedish naval officerAxel Lagerbielke was imprisoned inLima for over a year, held inCallao and eventually escaped from Panama on an Englishpacket boat to Jamaica?
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