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Title page of the 1628 edition of Bacon's New Atlantis

Anovel is an extended work ofnarrative fiction usually written inprose andpublished as abook. The word derives from the Italian:novella for 'new', 'news', or 'short story (of something new)', itself from the Latin:novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural ofnovellus, diminutive ofnovus, meaning 'new'. According toMargaret Doody, the novel has "a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years", with its origins in theAncient Greek andRoman novel, Medievalchivalric romance, and the tradition of the Italian Renaissancenovella. The ancient romance form was revived byRomanticism, in thehistorical romances ofWalter Scott and theGothic novel. Some novelists, includingNathaniel Hawthorne,Herman Melville,Ann Radcliffe, andJohn Cowper Powys, preferred the termromance. Such romances should not be confused with thegenre fiction romance novel, which focuses on romantic love.M. H. Abrams and Walter Scott have argued that a novel is a fiction narrative that displays a realistic depiction of the state of a society, likeHarper Lee'sTo Kill a Mockingbird. The romance, on the other hand, encompasses any fictitious narrative that emphasizes marvellous or uncommon incidents. In reality, such works are nevertheless also commonly called novels, includingMary Shelley'sFrankenstein andJ. R. R. Tolkien'sThe Lord of the Rings.

The spread of printed books in China led to the appearance of the vernacularclassic Chinese novels during theMing dynasty (1368–1644), andQing dynasty (1616–1911). An early example from Europe wasHayy ibn Yaqdhan by theSufi writerIbn Tufayl inMuslim Spain. Later developments occurred after theinvention of the printing press.Miguel de Cervantes, author ofDon Quixote (the first part of which was published in 1605), is frequently cited as the first significant Europeannovelist of themodern era. Literary historianIan Watt, inThe Rise of the Novel (1957), argued that the modern novel was born in the early 18th century withRobinson Crusoe.

Recent technological developments have led to many novels also being published in non-print media: this includesaudio books,web novels, andebooks. Another non-traditional fiction format can be found ingraphic novels. While thesecomic book versions of works of fiction have their origins in the 19th century, they have only become popular recently. (Full article...)

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Susanna Clarke, author of Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell

Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell is the first novel by British writerSusanna Clarke(pictured). Analternative history set in 19th-century England around the time of theNapoleonic Wars, it is based on the premise that magic once existed in England and has returned with two men: Gilbert Norrell and Jonathan Strange. Centering on the relationship between these two men, the novel investigates the nature of "Englishness" and the boundary between reason and madness. It has been described as afantasy novel, an alternative history, and ahistorical novel. The narrative draws on variousRomantic literary traditions, such as thecomedy of manners, theGothic tale, and theByronic hero. The novel's language is apastiche of 19th-century writing styles, such as those ofJane Austen andCharles Dickens. Clarke began writingJonathan Strange & Mr Norrell in 1993; ten years later she submitted the manuscript for publication. It was accepted byBloomsbury and published in September 2004, with illustrations byPortia Rosenberg. The novel was well-received by critics and reached number three on theNew York Times bestseller list. It was longlisted for the 2004Man Booker Prize and won the 2005Hugo Award for Best Novel.

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Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins. My sin, my soul. Lo-lee-ta: the tip of the tongue taking a trip of three steps down the palate to tap, at three, on the teeth. Lo. Lee. Ta. She was Lo, plain Lo, in the morning, standing four feet ten in one sock. She was Lola in slacks. She was Dolly at school. She was Dolores on the dotted line. But in my arms she was always Lolita. Did she have a precursor? She did, indeed she did. In point of fact, there might have been no Lolita at all had I not loved, one summer, an initial girl-child. In a princedom by the sea. Oh when? About as many years before Lolita was born as my age was that summer. You can always count on a murderer for fancy prose style. Ladies and gentlemen of the jury, exhibit number one is what the seraphs, the misinformed, simple, noble-winged seraphs, envied. Look at this tangle of thorns.

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...thatChinua Achebe's novelA Man of the People described acoup d'état so similar to the real circumstances ofJohnson Aguiyi-Ironsi's rise to power inNigeria that Achebe was suspected of knowing about the coup in advance?
...that the 1923children's novelKing Matt the First is as popular inPoland asPeter Pan is in the English-speaking world?
...that theFinnish novelPuhdistus (Purge) bySofi Oksanen has won awards in Finland and France but had mixed reviews in Estonia, where the story takes place?

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The following are images from various novel-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1King Kong (1932) novelization ofKing Kong (1933). The novel was based on the screenplay and was marketing for the film which was released two months later. (fromNovelization)
Image 2Harlequin novels (fromRomance novel)
Image 3"Oh Edward! How can you?", a late-19th-century illustration fromSense and Sensibility (1811) byJane Austen, a pioneer of the genre (fromRomance novel)
Image 4Madame de Pompadour spending her afternoon with a book (François Boucher, 1756) (fromNovel)
Image 5A light novel bookstore inMacau (fromLight novel)
Image 6Paranormal Novels: TheTwilight Saga (fromRomance novel)
Image 7Image from a Victorian edition ofWalter Scott'sWaverley (1814) (fromNovel)
Image 8Intimate short stories:The Court and City Vagaries (1711). (fromNovel)
Image 9One of the most influential novels on the picaresque genre wasThe Golden Ass byApuleius, which he published sometime in the 2nd century AD. (ms. Vat. Lat. 2194,Vatican Library) (1345 illustration). (fromPicaresque novel)
Image 10Harriet Beecher Stowe'sUncle Tom's Cabin (1852) (fromNovel)
Image 11A modern chapbook (fromChapbook)
Image 12A nineteenth-century painting by the Swiss-French painterMarc Gabriel Charles Gleyre depicting a scene fromLongus'sDaphnis and Chloe (fromRomance novel)
Image 13Chinua Achebe, Buffalo, 2008 (fromNovel)
Image 14The picaresque genre began with the Spanish novelLazarillo de Tormes (1554) (Pictured: Its title page) (fromPicaresque novel)
Image 15Adventurenovels andshort stories were popular subjects for Americanpulp magazines. (fromAdventure fiction)
Image 16Dan Brown (fromNovel)
Image 17Chapbook (c. 1800) ofJack the Giant Killer (fromChapbook)
Image 18Chaucer recitingTroilus and Criseyde: early-15th-century manuscript of the work atCorpus Christi College, Cambridge (fromNovel)
Image 191474: The customer in the copyist's shop with a book he wants to have copied. This illustration of the first printed GermanMelusine looked back to the market of manuscripts. (fromNovel)
Image 20The frontispiece of a late 18th-century chapbook edition ofVoltaire'sThe Extraordinary Tragical Fate of Calas, depictingJean Calas beingbroken on the wheel (fromChapbook)
Image 211915 novelization of the original 1904 playPeter and Wendy (fromNovelization)
Image 22First edition ofAleksis Kivi'sThe Seven Brothers (1870) (fromNovel)
Image 231719 newspaper reprint ofRobinson Crusoe (fromNovel)
Image 24J. K. Rowling, 2010 (fromNovel)
Image 25Richard Head,The English Rogue (1665) (fromNovel)
Image 26Woodcut of afairy-circle from a 17th-century chapbook (fromChapbook)
Image 27Novelization of chapter 8 of the film seriesLes Vampires (1915–16) (fromNovelization)
Image 28Paper as the essential carrier:Murasaki Shikibu writing herThe Tale of Genji in the early 11th century, 17th-century depiction (fromNovel)
Image 29Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Vladivostok, 1995 (fromNovel)
Image 30Samuel Richardson'sPamela (1741) (fromNovel)
Image 31Laurence Sterne,Tristram Shandy, vol.6, pp. 70–71 (1769) (fromNovel)

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