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Welcome to the Germany Portal!
Willkommen im Deutschland-Portal!

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Germany (German:Deutschland), officially theFederal Republic of Germany (German:Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a country inCentral andWestern Europe, lying between theBaltic andNorth Sea to the north and theAlps to the south. It bordersDenmark to the north,Poland and theCzech Republic to the east,Austria andSwitzerland to the south,France to the southwest, andLuxembourg,Belgium and theNetherlands to the west.

Germany includes 16constituent states, covers an area of 357,596 square kilometres (138,069 sq mi) and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With nearly 83 million inhabitants, it is the second most populous state ofEurope afterRussia, the most populous state lying entirely in Europe, as well as the most populousmember state of theEuropean Union. Germany is a verydecentralized country.Its capital andmost populous city isBerlin, whileFrankfurt serves as its financial capital and has thecountry's busiest airport.

In 1871, Germany became a nation-state whenmost of the German states unified into thePrussian-dominatedGerman Empire. AfterWorld War I and theRevolution of 1918–19, the empire was replaced by the parliamentaryWeimar Republic. TheNazi seizure of power in 1933 led toWorld War II, andthe Holocaust. After theend of World War II in Europe and a period ofAllied occupation, two new German states were founded:West Germany, formed from the American, British, and French occupation zones, andEast Germany, formed from the western part of theSoviet occupation zone, reduced by the newly establishedOder-Neisse line. Following theRevolutions of 1989 that ended communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe, the countrywas reunified on3 October 1990.

Germany is afederal parliamentary republic led bya chancellor. It is agreat power witha strong economy. As a global leader in several industrial,scientific and technological sectors, it is a majortrading nation. The Federal Republic of Germany was a founding member of theEuropean Economic Community in 1957 and theEuropean Union in 1993.Read more...

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Interior of the Unionskirche, facing the altar

TheUnionskirche (Union Church) is the activeProtestant parish church ofIdstein, a town in theRheingau-Taunus district in the German state ofHesse. Idstein was a residence of thecounts of Nassau. The church building in the center of the historicAltstadt (old town) dates back to the 14th century when it was built as acollegiate church. It becameLutheran during theReformation. Its interior was adapted in the 17th century to become a LutheranPredigt- und Hofkirche (sermon and court church). The most prominent decoration in the church is the series of 38 paintings by the Flemish painterMichael Angelo Immenraedt, an exponent ofFlemish Baroque painting, and others. They follow a program of biblical scenes.

The church was named Unionskirche in 1917 to commemorate the union of Lutheran andReformed Protestants in theDuchy of Nassau in August 1817, the first of its kind (before thePrussian Union in September of the same year). The Unionskirche is a recognized monument under theHague Convention. The Protestant congregation uses it, and it is open to other institutions as a concert venue, including concerts of theRheingau Musik Festival. It features an organ built in 1912 byWalcker Orgelbau and retaining the historic case dating back to 1783.

The church was restored from 2012 to 2017, completed for 500 years since the Reformation and 200 years since the Union. The restoration was awarded theHessischer Denkmalschutzpreis (Hessian monument preservation prize). (Full article...)

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Image 1
Snowed trees on the Brocken
Brocken
Credit: Andreas Tille
Snowed trees on theBrocken
Image 2
Kadavar
Photograph:Henry W. Laurisch
Kadavar are arock band fromBerlin, Germany, founded in 2010. Theirretro sound, incorporatingpsychedelic rock andstoner rock, has been compared to bands of the 1970shard rock/heavy metal era. Kadavar currently consists of three members:guitarist andlead vocalist Christoph "Lupus" Lindemann,drummer Christoph "Tiger" Bartelt, andbassist Simon "Dragon" Bouteloup.
Image 3
Chinese House in Potsdam
Chinese House
Credit: Andreas Tille
TheChinese House inSanssouci Park,Potsdam
Image 4
Germanwar bond poster
Poster:Lucian Bernhard; restoration:Bellhalla
A 1917 poster byLucian Bernhard intended to sellwar bonds in Germany. The caption, roughly translated, is "This is how your money helps you fight! Turned into submarines, it keeps enemy shells away! That's why you should subscribe to war bonds!" Mostly excluded from international financial markets duringWorld War I, Germany was largely limited to domestic borrowing. The bond drives proved extremely successful, raising approximately 100 billionmarks in funds.
Image 5
Cairn in Snow
Painting:Caspar David Friedrich
Cairn in Snow is alandscape painting byCaspar David Friedrich that was completed in 1807. The painting is aRomantic allegorical landscape, showing a pagan burial site between three oaks, near the town Gützkow in Germany. It is held by theGalerie Neue Meister inDresden, Germany.
Image 6
Regensburg, Germany
Photo credit:Karsten Dörre
A twilightpanorama ofRegensburg,Bavaria,Germany with the 12th century bridgeSteinerne Brücke andRegensburg Cathedral on the left and the riverDanube in the foreground. Located at theconfluence of the Danube andRegen rivers, the first settlements in the area date to theStone Age. ARoman fort was constructed in 179. In contrast to almost all other major German cities, Regensburg had little damage fromAllied air raids inWorld War II and thus has an almost intact medieval city center, which is listed as aUNESCO World Heritage Site.
Image 7
The Prinzipalmarkt in Münster
Prinzipalmarkt
Credit: Dietmar Rabich
ThePrinzipalmarkt inMünster at night
Image 8
The Deutsche Bank Twin Towers in Frankfurt
Deutsche Bank Twin Towers
Credit: Raimond Spekking
TheDeutsche Bank Twin Towers, headquarters of theDeutsche Bank inFrankfurt
Image 9
Castle Blankenhain, Crimmitschau, Germany
Blankenhain Castle
Credit: André Karwath
Blankenhain Castle is an open-air museum and castle nearCrimmitschau, a large district town in theSaxon landkreis ofZwickauer Land,Germany.
Image 10
Thomas Müller
Photograph: Michael Kranewitter
Thomas Müller (b. 1989) is a German professionalfootballer who has played forBayern Munich since2009; he is also the team'svice-captain. A versatile player, Müller plays as amidfielder orforward but has also been deployed in attacking roles such asattacking midfielder,second striker,centre forward and on eitherwing. He has represented Germany onits national team since 2010.
Image 11
Neue Wache
Photo credit:Daniel Schwen
The interior of theNeue Wache, the centralmemorial ofGermany for victims of war and tyranny. Located inBerlin, the building was originally built as aguardhouse, and has been used as a war memorial since 1931. The statue,Mother with her Dead Son is directly under theoculus, and so is exposed to the rain, snow and cold, symbolising the suffering of civilians duringWorld War II.
Image 12
Lighthouse Arngast in theJade Bight
Lighthouse Arngast in theJade Bight
Credit: Tom Kurpjuweit
Image 13
Albert Bierstadt
Painting credit:Albert Bierstadt
Albert Bierstadt (1830–1902) was a German-American painter best known for his lavish, sweeping landscapes of theAmerican West, such as this oil-on-canvas painting, entitledAmong the Sierra Nevada, California, created in 1868. He painted the landscape in his Rome studio, and exhibited it in Berlin and London before shipping it to the United States. His choice of grandiose subjects was matched by his entrepreneurial flair; his exhibitions of individual works were accompanied by promotion, ticket sales, and, in the words of one critic, a "vast machinery of advertisement and puffery". This work is in the collection of theSmithsonian American Art Museum.
Image 14
Geography of Germany
Map credit:Lencer andNordNordWest
A generalmap, showing thegeography of Germany, the seventh largest country inEurope and the second most populous. Located inCentral Europe,Germany is second only toRussia in the number ofborders it shares with other European countries (9).
Image 15
Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
Painting:Caspar David Friedrich
Wanderer above the Sea of Fog is an 1818 painting byCaspar David Friedrich, aGerman Romantic. It has been read as a metaphor for the uncertainty of the future.
Image 16
Bode Museum
Photograph:Thomas Wolf
TheBode Museum onMuseum Island inBerlin, Germany, named afterits founding director, is a museum ofantiquities includingsculpture,Byzantine art andnumismatics. Designed byErnst von Ihne and completed in 1904, the building was restored extensively from 1997 to 2006.
Image 17
Buldern Castle in Buldern,Dülmen
Buldern Castle in Buldern,Dülmen
Credit: Dietmar Rabich
Image 18
Karl Friedrich Schinkel
Painting credit:Karl Friedrich Schinkel
Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781–1841) was aPrussian architect and city planner. He was one of the most prominent architects in Germany and designed bothNeoclassical andNeo-Gothic buildings, the most famous of which are found in and around Berlin. He was also a painter and a designer of furniture and stage sets.

This oil-on-canvas painting, entitledCastle by the River, was created by Schinkel in 1820. As an artist, his architectural talent shone through, and his buildings and landscapes are carefully drafted and meticulously executed. The painting is in the collection of theAlte Nationalgalerie in Berlin.
Image 19
SMSFürst Bismarck (1897)
Illustration: Hugo Graf; restoration:Adam Cuerden
SMSFürst Bismarck was Germany's firstarmored cruiser, built for theKaiserliche Marine before the turn of the 20th century and launched in 1900. Named for the German statesmanOtto von Bismarck, the ship was primarily intended for colonial duties. She served in this capacity as part of theEast Asia Squadron until she was relieved in 1909, at which point she returned to Germany. The ship was rebuilt between 1910 and 1914, and after the start ofWorld War I, she was briefly used as a coastal defense ship. She proved inadequate to this task, and so she was withdrawn from active duty and served as a training ship for engineers until the end of the war.Fürst Bismarck was decommissioned in 1919 and sold for scrap.
Image 20
German Rentenmark
Banknote:Weimar Republic,National Numismatic Collection,National Museum of American History
TheRentenmark was a currency introduced on 15 November 1923 inWeimar Germany after thevalue of the previous currency had been destroyed byhyperinflation.

The banknote shown at left was printed in 1937 or later. It bears an adhesive coupon attached by the East German government in 1948, extending its validity while newEast German mark banknotes were being printed.
Image 21
Quadriga
Photo credit:א (Aleph)
Close-up of thequadriga (four-horsechariot) on top of theBrandenburg Gate inBerlin (Germany) at night. The sculpture was produced byJohann Gottfried Schadow in 1793. The word quadriga may refer to the chariot alone, the four horses without it, or the combination. All modern quadrigas are based on theHorses of Saint Mark, a Roman or Greek sculpture which is the only surviving ancient quadriga.
Image 22
Cathedral of Magdeburg
Photo credit:Chris 73
TheCathedral of Magdeburg (known as Magdeburger Dom inGerman) is the firstgothic cathedral inGermany and with a height of 104 m the highest cathedral in Eastern Germany. The current cathedral was constructed over the period of 300 years starting from1209, and the completion of the steeples took place only in1520. In 2004 a funding drive for a new organ that was started in1997 was completed, collecting 2 Million Euro. The new organ has been ordered from a company nearPotsdam, constructing a 36 ton instrument with 93 registers and approximately 5000 pipes. The construction is planned to be completed in2007, and the new organ will hopefully be used for the first time in2008.

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History

Holy Roman Empire (900–1806)
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Anniversaries for November 27

1308 –Henry VII is electedKing of the Romans
1754 – Birth of scientist and revolutionaryGeorg Forster
1804 – Birth of composerJulius Benedict
2005 – Death of politicianFranz Schönhuber, known as leader ofThe Republicans

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Did you know...

... that recruitment for theFrench SS Volunteer Assault Brigade(members pictured) was promoted through a Waffen-SS exhibition in Paris that attracted thousands of visitors daily?
... that the2022 German presidential election was held atPaul Löbe House instead of the Reichstag due to theCOVID-19 pandemic?
... that four US Army soldiersstole $36 million in valuables froma German castle in late 1945?
... that theFerber House was rumoured to be haunted after the family who owned it went extinct?
sabotage in World War II involved delaying the Nazi nuclear program, derailing trains, freeing Jews – and explosive rats?
... that whenMarianne Angermann earned her university entrance, the pronouns on her printed diploma were altered manually?
... that theOstjuden anti-Semitic stereotype was used to describe Jews from Eastern Europe by both non-Jewish Germans and assimilated German Jews?
... thatFelix Mendelssohn revised hisRondo capriccioso after a 17-year-old pianist "commanded" him to do so "under pain of one disgrace or another"?
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Selected cuisines, dishes and foods

Currywurst lightly topped with curry and served with French fries — *Currywurst* lightly topped with curry and served with French fries

Currywurst (German:[ˈkœʁiˌvʊɐ̯st]^ⓘ) is afast food dishof German origin consisting ofsausage (usually pork) withcurry ketchup. It was invented in 1949 byHerta Heuwer, who began selling it at a food stand in West Berlin. TheDeutsches Currywurst Museum estimated that 800 million currywursts are eaten every year in Germany, with 70 million in Berlin alone. (Full article...)

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Germany articles

History

Overviews	Timeline Historiography Military history
Ancient	Germanic peoples Migration Period List of early Germanic peoples Goths Teutons Visigoths History of the Huns Chronology of warfare between the Romans and Germanic peoples Cimbrian War Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16) Marcomannic Wars Gothic Wars Sack of Rome (410)
Middle Ages	Frankish Empire Treaty of Verdun East Francia Carolingian Empire Carolingian dynasty Holy Roman Empire Ostsiedlung (East Colonisation)
Modern	Early modern period, 1500–1800 18th-century Confederation of the Rhine German revolutions of 1848–1849 German Confederation Frankfurt Constitution North German Confederation Unification of Germany German Empire World War I War guilt question Revolution of 1918 Weimar Republic Nazi Germany World War II Allied occupation Flight and expulsions Denazification Divided Germany East Germany West Germany
Contemporary	Reunification History of Germany since 1990
Regions	History of Prussia History of Brandenburg Cologne War (1583–1588) Baden Revolution (1848)

Censorship Crime Corruption Demographics Drug policy Education Germans Ethnic groups Women Healthcare Homelessness Immigration Irreligion Life expectancy Naturism Pensions Pornography Poverty Prostitution Racism Religion Social issues Trade unions
Culture	Anthem Architecture Art Arts Cinema Coat of arms Cuisine Cultural icons Dance Fashion Festivals Folklore Flag Language Libraries Literature Internet Media Music Names Philosophy Prussian virtues Sport Television World Heritage Sites