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  Image 1A mutation has caused thismoss rose plant to produce flowers of different colours. This is asomatic mutation that may also be passed on in thegermline. (fromMutation)
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  Image 2Among thecentipedes, all members of theGeophilomorpha are constrained by a developmental bias to have an odd number of segments, whether as few as 27 or as many as 191. (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 3Point mutations classified by impact on protein (fromMutation)
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  Image 4The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of mutations invesicular stomatitis virus. In this experiment, random mutations were introduced into the virus by site-directed mutagenesis, and thefitness of each mutant was compared with the ancestral type. A fitness of zero, less than one, one, more than one, respectively, indicates that mutations are lethal, deleterious, neutral, and advantageous. (fromMutation)
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  Image 5A redtulip exhibiting a partially yellow petal due to asomatic mutation in a cell that formed that petal (fromMutation)
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  Image 6Phyletic gradualism, above, consists of relatively slow change over geological time.Punctuated equilibrium, bottom, consists ofmorphological stability and rare, relatively rapid bursts ofevolutionary change. (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 7African pygmy kingfisher, showing coloration shared by all adults of that species to a high degree of fidelity. (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 8Gap genes in the fruit fly are switched on by genes such asbicoid, setting up stripes across the embryo which start to pattern the body's segments. (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 9Three major single-chromosome mutations:deletion (1),duplication (2) andinversion (3). (fromMutation)
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  Image 10HomologousHox genes in such different animals asinsects andvertebrates controlembryonic development and hence the form of adult bodies. These genes have beenhighly conserved through hundreds of millions of years ofevolution. (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 11Speciation via polyploidy: Adiploid cell undergoes failedmeiosis, producing diploidgametes, which self-fertilize to produce a tetraploidzygote. In plants, this can effectively be a new species, reproductively isolated from its parents, and able to reproduce. (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 12Thepax-6 gene controls development of eyes of different types across the animal kingdom. (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 13This figure shows a simplified version of loss-of-function, switch-of-function, gain-of-function, and conservation-of-function mutations. (fromMutation)
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  Image 14Thelac operon. Top: repressed. Bottom: active. (1)RNA Polymerase, (2)Repressor, (3)Promoter, (4) Operator, (5)Lactose, (6–8)protein-encoding genes, controlled by the switch, that cause lactose to be digested. (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 15The structure of aeukaryotic protein-coding gene. A mutation in theprotein coding region (red) can result in a change in the amino acid sequence. Mutations in other areas of the gene can have diverse effects. Changes withinregulatory sequences (yellow and blue) can effecttranscriptional andtranslational regulation ofgene expression. (fromMutation)
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  Image 16MaleDrosophila pseudoobscura (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 17Cichlids such asHaplochromis nyererei diversified bysympatric speciation in theRift Valley lakes. (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 18Reinforcement assists speciation byselecting againsthybrids. (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 19Types of small-scale mutations (fromMutation)
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  Image 20Agene regulatory network (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 21Gaur (Indian bison) can interbreed with domesticcattle. (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 22Embryology theories ofErnst Haeckel, who argued forrecapitulation of evolutionary development in the embryo, andKarl Ernst von Baer'sepigenesis (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 23Rhagoletis pomonella, the hawthorn fly, appears to be in the process of sympatric speciation. (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 24Turing's 1952 paper explained mathematically how patterns such as stripes and spots, as in thegiant pufferfish, may arise, without molecular evidence. (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 25Selection of disease-causing mutations, in a standard table of thegenetic code ofamino acids (fromMutation)
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  Image 26Comparison ofallopatric,peripatric,parapatric andsympatric speciation (fromSpeciation)
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  Image 27Prodryas persephone, a LateEocene butterfly (fromMutation)
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  Image 28Acovalentadduct between themetabolite ofbenzo[a]pyrene, the majormutagen intobacco smoke, and DNA (fromMutation)
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  Image 29Expression ofhomeobox (Hox) genes in the fruit fly (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 30Gene product distributions along the long axis of the early embryo of afruit fly (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 31A.Lancelet (a chordate), B. Larvaltunicate, C. Adult tunicate.Kowalevsky saw that thenotochord (1) and gill slits (5) are shared by tunicates and vertebrates. (fromEvolutionary developmental biology)
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  Image 32Five types of chromosomal mutations (fromMutation)

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