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Thedog (Canis familiaris orCanis lupus familiaris) is adomesticated descendant of thegray wolf. Also called thedomestic dog, it wasselectively bred from a population of wolves during theLate Pleistocene byhunter-gatherers. Dogs were the firstspecies to be domesticated over 14,000 years ago, before thedevelopment of agriculture. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have gained the ability to thrive on astarch-rich diet that would be inadequate for othercanids.

Dogs have been bred for desired behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. They have the same number of bones (with the exception of the tail), powerful jaws that house around 42 teeth, and well-developedsenses of smell, hearing, and sight. Compared to humans, dogs possess a superior sense of smell and hearing, but inferiorvisual acuity. Dogs perform many roles for humans, such ashunting,herding,pulling loads,protection,companionship,therapy,aiding disabled people, andassisting police and themilitary.

Communication in dogs includes eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs), and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones, and taste). They mark their territories by urinating on them, which is more likely when entering a new environment. Over the millennia, dogs have uniquely adapted to human behavior; this adaptation includes being able to understand and communicate with humans. As such, thehuman–canine bond has been a topic of frequent study, and dogs' influence on human society has given them thesobriquet of "man's best friend". (Full article...)

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Red English Cocker Spaniel

TheEnglish Cocker Spaniel is abreed ofgun dog. It is noteworthy for producing one of the most varied numbers of pups in a litter among all dog breeds. The English Cocker Spaniel is an active, good-natured, sporting dog standing well up at thewithers and compactly built. There are "field" or "working" cockers and "house" cockers. It is one of several varieties ofspaniel and is the foundation of its American cousin, theAmerican Cocker Spaniel. The English Cocker is closer to the working-dog form of theField Spaniel and theEnglish Springer Spaniel. English Cocker Spaniels are also known as the "Merry Spaniel" due to their constantly wagging tails.

Outside the US, the breed is usually known simply as theCocker Spaniel, as is the American Cocker Spaniel within the US. The OED states that the wordcocker is derived from the fact the breed was used to flushwoodcocks. (Full article...)

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A yellow Labrador Retriever fetching a stick from a beach.

Credit:redjar

Retrievers, such as thisLabrador Retriever, are atype ofgun dog bred to retrieve downed birds from water or land. Althoughspaniels and somepointing breeds routinely retrieve game, retrievers are skilled in finding game, and are distinguished in that non-slip retrieval is their primary function. As a result, retriever breeds are bred for "soft" mouths and a great willingness to please, learn, and obey. A soft mouth refers to the willingness of the dog to carry game without damaging it. Retrievers are often selected as family pets, and many suburban dogs end up retrieving newspapers and sticks like this dog.

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v t e Dogs
Types	African village dog Free-ranging dog Askal Pye-dog Rez dog Street dog Hairless dog Herding dog Collie Livestock guardian dog Sheep dog Hunting dog Cur Feist Lurcher Gun dog Pointer Retriever Setter Spaniel Water dog Hound Scenthound Anglo-French Hound Basset Coonhound Foxhound Sighthound Longdog Warren hound Terrier Bull-type terrier Pit bull Fell terrier Fox terrier Pinscher Ratter Schnauzer Working terrier Mastiff Bulldog Spitz Husky Laika Tugou Toy dog Bichon Turnspit dog
Breeds	List of breeds List of crossbreeds Mixed-breed dog Crossbreed Extinct breeds Most popular
Roles	Assistance dog Autism dog Guide dog Hearing dog Medical response dog Seizure dog Mobility assistance dog School dog Therapy dog Psychiatric assistance dog Attack dog Bay dog Carriage dog Catch dog Cell dog Companion dog Detection dog Fighting dog Guard dog Lap dog Meat dog Mercy dog Police dog usage by country Search and rescue dog Sled dog War dog
Behavior	Communication Barking Body language Howling Intelligence Dog–cat relationship
Human–dog interaction	Animal testing Baiting Breed-specific legislation Cynanthropy Dog allergy Dog bite Dog beach Dog daycare Dog fighting Dog food dog biscuit 2007 recalls Dog grooming Dogs in religion Dogs in space Dog licence Dog meat Dog park Dog show Dog theft Dog sports Dog walking Fear of dogs Human–canine bond Origin of the domestic dog Pet dog Therapy International Dog Day
Health	Aging (List of longest-living dogs) Anatomy Allergies Breeding Coat Conformation Diseases Dog food Odor Rabies in animals Rage syndrome Reproduction Skin disorders Vaccination
Training	Clicker Crate training Housebreaking Socialization
Related	Domesticated silver fox List of individual dogs List of fictional dogs Lists of dogs
Category Portal

Extinct dog breeds, varieties, landraces and types

v t e Primitive dogs
Primitive hounds	Podenco Andaluz Basenji Cirneco dell'Etna Cretan Hound Ibizan Hound Maneto Pampas Deerhound Pharaoh Hound Phu Quoc Ridgeback Podenco Canario Portuguese Podengo Thai Ridgeback Podenco Valenciano
Landrace dogs	Africanis Alopekis Canaan Dog Carolina Dog Husky Indian pariah dog Laika Lài dog Native American dogs New Guinea singing dog Philippine Forest Dog Sinhala Hound Spitz Taiwan Dog Telomian Tugou
Wild dogs	Dingo
Hairless breeds	African hairless dog Argentine Pila Chinese Crested Dog Peruvian Hairless Dog Xoloitzcuintle
Extinct breeds	Chiribaya Dog Hawaiian Poi Dog Kurī Marquesan Dog Polynesian Dog Tahitian Dog Tesem

Herding and droving dogs

v t e Gundogs
Pointers andsetters	Ariège Pointer Blue Picardy Spaniel Bracco Italiano Braque d'Auvergne Braque du Bourbonnais Braque Français Braque Saint-Germain Brittany Burgos Pointer Ca Mè Mallorquí Cesky Fousek Drentse Patrijshond English Setter French Spaniel German Longhaired Pointer German Roughhaired Pointer German Shorthaired Pointer German Wirehaired Pointer Gordon Setter Irish Red and White Setter Irish Setter Large Münsterländer Old Danish Pointer Pachón Navarro Picardy Spaniel Perdigueiro Galego Pointer Portuguese Pointer Pudelpointer Saint-Usuge Spaniel Slovakian Roughhaired Pointer Small Münsterländer Spinone Italiano Stabyhoun Vizsla Weimaraner Wirehaired Pointing Griffon Wirehaired Vizsla
Retrievers	Chesapeake Bay Retriever Curly-coated Retriever Flat-coated Retriever Golden Retriever Labrador Retriever Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
Spaniels	American Cocker Spaniel Boykin Spaniel Clumber Spaniel English Cocker Spaniel English Springer Spaniel Field Spaniel German Spaniel Kooikerhondje Pont-Audemer Spaniel Russian Spaniel Sussex Spaniel Welsh Springer Spaniel
Water dogs	American Water Spaniel Barbet Irish Water Spaniel Lagotto Romagnolo Poodle Portuguese Water Dog Spanish Water Dog Wetterhoun
Extinct breeds	Braque Dupuy English Water Spaniel Norfolk Spaniel Old Spanish Pointer Tweed Water Spaniel

v t e Cur-type hunting dogs
Black Mouth Cur Blue Lacy Carolina Dog Catahoula Leopard Dog Feist Florida Brown Dog a/k/a Florida Cracker Cur Longdog Lurcher Mountain Cur Mountain Feist Stephens Stock Treeing Cur Treeing Tennessee Brindle

Livestock guardian dogs

† = Descended from and closely related to livestock guardian dogs, but traditionally used in other roles

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Rin Tin Tin in the filmFrozen River (1929)

Rin Tin Tin orRin-Tin-Tin (October 10, 1918 – August 10, 1932) was a maleGerman Shepherd born inFlirey, France, who became an international star in motion pictures. He was rescued from aWorld War I battlefield by an American soldier, Lee Duncan, who nicknamed him "Rinty". Duncan trained Rin Tin Tin and obtainedsilent film work for the dog. Rin Tin Tin was an immediate box-office success and went on to appear in 27Hollywood films, gaining worldwide fame. Along with the earlier canine film starStrongheart, Rin Tin Tin was responsible for greatly increasing the popularity of German Shepherd dogs as family pets. The immense profitability of his films contributed to the success ofWarner Bros. studios and helped advance the career ofDarryl F. Zanuck from screenwriter to producer and studio executive.

After the dog's only appearance in color (the 1929 musical revueThe Show of Shows, in which he barks an introduction to a musical pageant), Warner Bros. dispensed with the services of both Rin Tin Tin and Lee Duncan. The studio was intent on promoting its "all-talking" stars, and silent-film personality Rin Tin Tin obviously couldn't speak. Undaunted, Duncan sought further film work and signed with independent producerNat Levine, who starred Rin Tin Tin inserials and feature films. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

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The following are images from various dog-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1NewbornWelsh Springer Spaniels (fromPuppy)
Image 2Skeleton of a dog:1. Cranium 2. Maxilla 3. Mandible 4. Atlas 5. Axis 6. Scapula 7. Spine of scapula 8. Humerus 9. Radius 10. Ulna 11. Phalanges 12. Metacarpal bones 13. Carpal bones 14. Sternum 15. Cartilaginous part of the rib 16. Ribs 17. Phalanges 18. Metatarsal bones 19. Tarsal Bones 20. Calcaneus 21. Fibula 22. Tibia 23. Patella 24. Femur 25. Ischium 26. Pelvis (fromDog anatomy)
Image 3Amongrel puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 4Jack Russell Terrier puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 5Ancient Hawaiian petroglyphic depiction of anʻīlio (Hawaiian Poi Dog) (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 6West Highland White Terrier puppies (fromPuppy)
Image 7The dog diverged from a now-extinct population of wolves 27,000–40,000 years ago, before or during theLast Glacial Maximum, when much of themammoth steppe was cold and dry. (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 8Diagram of a wolf skull with key features labelled (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 9The dog'sretina shows theoptic disc and the eye'svasculature. (fromDog anatomy)
Image 10Reduction in size underselective breeding – grey wolf and chihuahua skulls (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 11Basset Hound (fromPuppy)
Image 12Chihuahua puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 13Petroglyph depicting two dogs hunting –Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 14NASA astronautLeland D. Melvin with his dogs Jake and Scout (fromDog behavior)
Image 15Bloodhound puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 16Chihuahua mix and purebredGreat Dane (fromDog breed)
Image 17Mammoth bone dwelling,Mezhirich site, Ukraine (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 18Golden Retriever puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 19Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 20Schematic anatomy of the ear. In dogs, the ear canal has a "L" shape, with the vertical canal (first half) and the horizontal canal (deeper half, ending with the eardrum) (fromDog anatomy)
Image 21External anatomy (topography) of a typical dog: 1. Head 2.Muzzle 3.Dewlap (throat, neck skin) 4. Shoulder 5. Elbow 6. Forefeet 7.Croup (rump) 8. Leg (thigh and hip) 9.Hock 10. Hind feet 11.Withers 12.Stifle 13.Paws 14.Tail (fromDog anatomy)
Image 22Basenji puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 23Puggle puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 24The nose of a dog (fromDog anatomy)
Image 25A littlemongrel puppy on the shore, onHalong Bay (fromPuppy)
Image 26Cavapoo puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 27Acavapoo andmaltipoo running back while playing fetch (fromDog behavior)
Image 28A drawing byKonrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. (fromDog behavior)
Image 29NewbornBasenji puppies (fromPuppy)
Image 30A wolfmandible diagram showing the names and positions of the teeth (fromDog anatomy)
Image 31Example of a dog making prolonged eye contact with a human (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 32Lateral view of a dog skeleton (fromDog anatomy)
Image 33Montage showing the coat variation of dogs. (fromDog anatomy)
Image 34Cart dogs, c. 1900; different in appearance but doing the same work (fromDog type)
Image 35Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (fromDog breed)
Image 36Bison surrounded by grey wolf pack (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 37German Spitz puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 38Dog knee (fromDog anatomy)
Image 39The difference in overall body size between aCane Corso (Italian mastiff) and aYorkshire terrier is over 30-fold, yet both are members of the same species. (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 40PresidentLyndon B. Johnson with a basket of puppies in 1966 (fromPuppy)
Image 41Cave wolf skull,Natural History Museum, Berlin (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 42Frontal view of a dog skull (fromDog anatomy)
Image 43Boxer and Labrador Mix (fromDog breed)
Image 44TwoShih Tzu puppies (fromPuppy)
Image 45Mandible of theBonn-Oberkassel dog, Germany, from the oldest dog-human co-burial dated 14,200 years old (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 46Alabradoodle puppy and aGolden Retriever puppy playing together (fromPuppy)
Image 47A dog's whiskers (fromDog anatomy)
Image 48An 1897 illustration showing a range of European dog breeds (fromDog breed)
Image 49Sled dogs, 1833 (fromDog type)
Image 50St. Bernard puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 51Map depicting possible phylogeographic origins ofdingoes,New Guinea singing dogs, andIsland Southeast Asian and Oceanian dogs, based on recent genetic evidence (Fillios & Taçon, 2016) (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 52An extinctTurnspit dog, 1800 (fromDog type)
Image 53Montage showing the morphological variation of the dog. (fromDog breed)
Image 54The difference in body size between aCane Corso (Italian mastiff) and aYorkshire Terrier is over 30-fold; both are members of the same species. (fromDog anatomy)
Image 55A dog's teeth (fromDog anatomy)
Image 56"Five different types of dogs", c. 1547. (fromDog breed)
Image 57Tesem, an ancient Egyptian sight-hound (fromDog breed)
Image 58Australian Cattle Dog puppy (fromPuppy)
Image 59Watercolor tracing made by archaeologistHenri Breuil from acave painting of a wolf-like canid,Font-de-Gaume, France, dated 19,000 years ago (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 60Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw opened (fromDog anatomy)
Image 61TheGreenland dog carries 3.5% genetic material inherited from a 35,000-year-old wolf from theTaymyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia. (fromDomestication of the dog)
Image 62Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw closed (fromDog anatomy)

Did you know(auto-generated) -show different entries

... thatChuck Eisenmann went from professionally pitching in baseball to owning and training the dogs that starred on the Canadian television seriesThe Littlest Hobo?
... thatBothie was the only dog to "set paw" on both theNorth andSouth poles?
... that the death ofOdysseus's dog in theOdyssey uses language typically reserved for the noble deaths of warriors?
... thatBerenice Olmedo once sold products made from dog carcasses at a flea market?
... thata tornado near Chicago was produced by a storm with ahydrodynamical helicity four times higher than the threshold favorable fortornadogenesis?
... that eccentricYorkshirewomanCamberley Kate is estimated to have cared for more than 600 dogs in her lifetime?

More did you know... -show different entries

...thatTillamook Cheddar(pictured), aJack Russell Terrier fromBrooklyn, New York, is the world's most successful and widely shown animal artist?
...thatgrape and raisin toxicity is a potential cause ofacute renal failure indogs?
...thatAble SeamanJust Nuisance is the only dog to have been officially enlisted in theRoyal Navy?
...that theMoscow Water Dog, developed as a waterrescue dog, preferred to bitedrowning people instead of saving them?

...thatRamy Brooks, a competitor in the 1,049 mi2006 Iditarod dog sled race acrossAlaska, is one of the fewNative Alaskans competing in the event?
...that theCaucasian Shepherd Dog is generally a low activitydog, seeminglylethargic when not working, but extremely agile and convincing when it feels that its family is threatened?
...that theBattle of Garibpur fought betweenIndia andPakistan preceded the official start of theIndo-Pakistani War of 1971, and was the first battle wheredog fighting occurred overEast Pakistan?
...thatGeorge E. Studdy was a British artist best remembered for his creation ofBonzo the dog, afictional character, in the early1920s?

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