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Welcome to the Portal:California. Such a lovely place.

California
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State of California
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California (/ˌkælɪˈfɔːrniə/) is astate in theWestern United States that lies on thePacific Coast. It bordersOregon to the north,Nevada andArizona to the east, and sharesan international border with theMexican state ofBaja California to the south. With almost 40 million residents across an area of 163,696 square miles (423,970 km²), it is thelargest state by population,third-largest state by area and thelargest state economy in the U.S., with a GDP of approximately $4.3 trillion.

Prior toEuropean colonization, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas inpre-Columbian North America. European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization by theSpanish Empire. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, as a result ofits successful war for independence. Following theU.S. conquest of California, part of theMexican-American War, California wasceded to the United States in 1848. TheCalifornia gold rush started in 1848 and led to social and demographic changes, including theCalifornia genocide. It organized itself and wasadmitted as the 31st state in 1850 as afree state, following theCompromise of 1850.

Theeconomy of California is the largest of any U.S. state, with an estimated 2025gross state product of $4.296 trillion as of Q3 2025. It is the world'slargest sub-national economy and, if it were an independent country, would be the fourth-largest economy in the world (behind Germany and ahead of Japan, as of 2025) whenranked by nominal GDP.The state's agricultural industry leads the nation in output, fueled by its production ofdairy,almonds, andgrapes. With the busiest port in the country (Los Angeles), California plays a pivotal role in the global supply chain, hauling in about 40% of goods imported to the US. Notable contributions topopular culture, ranging fromentertainment,sports,music, andfashion, have their origins in California. Despite an exodus of filmmaking from California,Hollywood continues to be an important center of theU.S. film industry, one of the oldest and largest film industries in the world; profoundly influencing global entertainment since the 1920s. The San Francisco Bay'sSilicon Valley is the center of the global technology industry. (Full article...)

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The Beach Boys' original lineup in 1967
From left:Carl Wilson,Al Jardine,Brian Wilson,Mike Love, andDennis Wilson

The Beach Boys are an Americanrock band formed inHawthorne, California, in 1961. The group's original lineup consisted of brothersBrian,Dennis, andCarl Wilson, their cousinMike Love, and their friendAl Jardine. Distinguished by theirvocal harmonies, adolescent-oriented lyrics, and musical ingenuity, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era. The group drew on the music ofolder pop vocal groups, 1950srock and roll, and blackR&B to create their unique sound. Under Brian's direction, they often incorporatedclassical orjazz elements andunconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.

The Beach Boys are one of the most critically acclaimed andcommercially successful bands of all time, selling over 100 million records worldwide. They helped legitimize popular music as a recognized art form, and influenced the development of music genres and movements such aspsychedelia,power pop,progressive rock,punk,alternative, andlo-fi. Between the 1960s and 2020s, the group had 37 songs reach the U.S.Top 40 of theBillboard Hot 100 (the most by an American band), with four topping the chart. In 2004, the group was ranked number 12 onRolling Stone's list of thegreatest artists of all time, the highest ranking of any American band. Many critics' polls have rankedThe Beach Boys Today! (1965),Pet Sounds,Smiley Smile,Wild Honey (both 1967),Sunflower (1970),Surf's Up (1971), and the archivalcompilation album andbox setThe Smile Sessions (2011) among the finest albums in history. The founding members were inducted into theRock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various California-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Presidio of Santa Barbara. (fromCulture of California)
Image 2TheGetty Villa (fromCulture of California)
Image 3Stanford University Oval (fromCulture of California)
Image 4The 1835Manifiesto a la República Mejicana, byJosé Figueroa, was the first book published in California (fromCulture of California)
Image 5Poppies, Antelope Valley, aCalifornia Impressionist painting byBenjamin Chambers Brown (fromCulture of California)
Image 6Dividing the Light (2007), askyspace byJames Turrell atPomona College (fromCulture of California)
Image 7In-N-Out burgers (fromCulture of California)
Image 8Bilingual English-Spanish sign in theColorado Desert ofSouthern California. (fromCulture of California)
Image 9TheUniversity of California, Berkeley is the flagship school of the University of California system. (fromCulture of California)

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All creative people should be required to leave California for three months every year.

—Gloria Swanson

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Image 1

Bergen in 2025

Candice Patricia Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an American actress. She won fivePrimetime Emmy Awards and twoGolden Globe Awards as the title character onMurphy Brown (1988–1998, 2018). She is also known for her role asShirley Schmidt on theABC dramaBoston Legal (2005–2008). In films, Bergen was nominated for theAcademy Award for Best Supporting Actress forStarting Over (1979) and for theBAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role forGandhi (1982).

Bergen began her career as a fashion model and appeared on the cover ofVogue before she made her screen debut in the filmThe Group (1966). She starred inThe Sand Pebbles (1966),Soldier Blue (1970),Carnal Knowledge (1971), andThe Wind and the Lion (1975). She made herBroadway debut in the 1984 playHurlyburly and starred in the revivals ofThe Best Man (2012) andLove Letters (2014). From 2002 to 2004, she appeared in three episodes of theHBO seriesSex and the City. Her other film roles includeMiss Congeniality (2000),Sweet Home Alabama (2002),The Women (2008),Bride Wars (2009),Book Club (2018) andLet Them All Talk (2020). (Full article...)
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Picture of Stafford from theNew York Sunday News, September 21, 1947

Jo Elizabeth Stafford (November 12, 1917 – July 16, 2008) was an Americantraditional pop singer, whose career spanned five decades from the late 1930s to the early 1980s. Admired for the purity of her voice, she originally underwent classical training to become anopera singer before following a career in popular music and by 1955 had achieved more worldwide record sales than any other female artist. Her 1952 song "You Belong to Me" topped the charts in the United States and United Kingdom, becoming the second single to top theUK Singles Chart and the first by a female artist to do so.

Born in remote oil-richCoalinga, California, near Fresno in theSan Joaquin Valley, Stafford made her first musical appearance at age 12. While still at high school, she joined her two older sisters to form a vocal trio named the Stafford Sisters, who found moderate success on radio and in film. In 1938, while the sisters were part of the cast ofTwentieth Century Fox's production ofAlexander's Ragtime Band, Stafford met the future members ofthe Pied Pipers and became the group's lead singer. BandleaderTommy Dorsey hired them in 1939 to perform vocals with his orchestra. From 1940 to 1942, the group often performed with Dorsey's new male singer, Frank Sinatra. (Full article...)
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Parsons in 1941

John Whiteside Parsons (bornMarvel Whiteside Parsons; October 2, 1914 – June 17, 1952) was an Americanrocket engineer,chemist, andThelemite occultist. Parsons was one of the principal founders of both theJet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) andAerojet. He invented the firstrocket engine to use acastable,composite rocket propellant, and pioneered the advancement of bothliquid-fuel andsolid-fuel rockets.

Parsons was raised in Pasadena, California. He beganamateur rocket experiments with school friendEdward Forman in 1928. Parsons was admitted toStanford University but left before graduating due to financial hardship during theGreat Depression. In 1934, Parsons, Forman, andFrank Malina formed the Caltech-affiliatedGuggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory (GALCIT) Rocket Research Group, with support by GALCIT chairmanTheodore von Kármán. The group worked onJet-Assisted Take Off (JATO) for the U.S. military, and founded Aerojet in 1942 to develop and sell JATO technology during World War II. The GALCIT Rocket Research Group became JPL in 1943. (Full article...)
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Abdul atGalaxyCon Columbus in 2023

Paula Julie Abdul (born June 19, 1962) is an American singer, dancer, choreographer, actress, and television personality. She began her career as acheerleader for theLos Angeles Lakers at the age of 18 and later became the head choreographer for theLaker Girls, where she was discovered bythe Jacksons. After choreographing music videos forJanet Jackson, Abdul became a choreographer at the height of the music video era and soon thereafter she was signed toVirgin Records.

Abdul's debut studio album,Forever Your Girl (1988), became one of the most successful debut albums at that time, selling seven million copies in the United States and setting a record for the most U.S.Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles from a debut album: "Straight Up", "Forever Your Girl", "Cold Hearted", and "Opposites Attract". Her second album,Spellbound (1991), scored the number-one singles "Rush Rush" and "The Promise of a New Day". With six number-one singles on Hot 100, Abdul tiedDiana Ross for the third-most chart-toppers among female solo artists at the time. As of 2025, Abdul places seventh along withDiana Ross andLady Gaga for the most number-one singles by female artists in the U.S. to date. (Full article...)
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Official portrait, 2021

Kamala Devi Harris (/ˈkɑːmələˈdeɪvi/ ^ⓘKAH-mə-ləDAY-vee; born October 20, 1964) is an American politician and attorney who served as the 49thvice president of the United States from 2021 to 2025 under PresidentJoe Biden. She is the first female, firstAfrican American, and firstAsian American vice president, and the highest-ranking female and Asian American official in U.S. history. Harris representedCalifornia in theU.S. Senate from 2017 to 2021 and was theattorney general of California from 2011 to 2017. A member of theDemocratic Party, she was the party's nominee in the2024 presidential election.

Born inOakland, California, Harris graduated fromHoward University and theUniversity of California, Hastings College of the Law. She began her law career in the office of thedistrict attorney ofAlameda County. Harris was recruited to the San Francisco District Attorney's Office and later to the office of thecity attorney of San Francisco. She waselected district attorney of San Francisco in 2003 andattorney general of California in 2010, andreelected as attorney general in 2014. (Full article...)
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Hartman in character as Chick Hazard, Private Eye,c. 1978

Philip Edward Hartman (né Hartmann; September 24, 1948 – May 28, 1998) was a Canadian and American comedian, actor, screenwriter and graphic designer. Hartman was born inBrantford, Ontario, and his family moved to the United States when he was ten years old. After graduating fromCalifornia State University, Northridge, with a degree in graphic arts, he designed album covers for bands includingPoco andAmerica. In 1975, Hartman joined the comedy groupthe Groundlings, where he helpedPaul Reubens develop his characterPee-wee Herman. Hartman co-wrote the filmPee-wee's Big Adventure and made recurring appearances as Captain Carl on Reubens' showPee-wee's Playhouse.

In 1986, Hartman joined theNBC sketch comedy showSaturday Night Live (SNL) as acast member and stayed for eight seasons. Nicknamed "Glue" for his ability to hold the show together and help other cast members, he won aPrimetime Emmy Award for hisSNL work in 1989. After leavingSNL in 1994, Hartman starred as Bill McNeal in the sitcomNewsRadio. He also voicedLionel Hutz andTroy McClure onThe Simpsons, and appeared in the filmsHouseguest (1995),Sgt. Bilko (1996),Jingle All the Way (1996), andSmall Soldiers (1998). (Full article...)
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Lawrence in 1939

Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958) was an Americanaccelerator physicist who received theNobel Prize in Physics in 1939 for his invention of thecyclotron. He is known for his work onuranium-isotope separation for theManhattan Project, as well as for founding theLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and theLawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

A graduate of theUniversity of South Dakota andUniversity of Minnesota, Lawrence obtained a PhD in physics atYale in 1925. In 1928, he was hired as an associate professor of physics at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, becoming the youngest full professor there two years later. In its library one evening, Lawrence was intrigued by a diagram of an accelerator that producedhigh-energy particles. He contemplated how it could be made compact, and came up with an idea for a circular accelerating chamber between the poles of anelectromagnet. The result was the first cyclotron. (Full article...)
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Barbera in 1993

Joseph Roland Barbera (/bɑːrˈbɛərə/bar-BAIR-ə;Italian:[barˈbɛːra]; March 24, 1911 – December 18, 2006) was an American animator and cartoonist. He co-founded the animation studioHanna-Barbera alongsideWilliam Hanna.

Born toItalian immigrants in New York City, Barbera hesitantly joinedVan Beuren Studios in 1932 and subsequentlyTerrytoons in 1936. In 1937, he moved to California, and while working atMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), Barbera met Hanna. The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producingTom and Jerry. (Full article...)
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Wally Bill Hedrick (1928 – December 17, 2003) was a seminal Americanartist in the 1950s California counterculture, gallerist, and educator who came to prominence in the early 1960s. Hedrick's contributions to art include pioneering artworks in psychedelic light art, mechanical kinetic sculpture, junk/assemblage sculpture, Pop Art, and (California) Funk Art. Later in his life, he was a recognized forerunner in Happenings, Conceptual Art,Bad Painting,Neo-Expressionism, and image appropriation. Hedrick was also a key figure in the first important public manifestation of theBeat Generation when he helped to organize theSix Gallery Reading, and created the first artistic denunciation of American foreign policy inVietnam. Wally Hedrick was known as an "idea artist" long before the labelconceptual art entered the art world, and experimented with innovative use of language in art, at times resorting topuns. (Full article...)
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Official portrait, 2004

Dianne Emiel Feinstein (née Goldman; June 22, 1933 – September 29, 2023) was an American politician who served as aUnited States senator from California from 1992 until her death in 2023. A member of theDemocratic Party, she previously served as the 38thmayor of San Francisco from 1978 to 1988.

A San Francisco native, Feinstein graduated fromStanford University in 1955. She was elected to theSan Francisco Board of Supervisors in 1969 and immediately became the board's first female president upon her appointment in 1970. In 1978, during a third stint as the board's president,the assassinations of MayorGeorge Moscone and City SupervisorHarvey Milk drew national attention. Feinstein succeeded Moscone as mayor and became the first woman to serve in that position. Duringher tenure, she led the renovation ofthe city's cable car system and oversaw the1984 Democratic National Convention. Despite arecall attempt in 1983, Feinstein was a popular mayor and was named the most effective mayor in the country byCity & State in 1987. (Full article...)
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Caroline Agnes Brady (also known asCaroline Agnes Von Egmont Brady; October 3, 1905 – November 5, 1980) was an Americanphilologist who specialised inOld English andOld Norse works. Her works included the 1943 bookThe Legends of Ermanaric, based on her doctoral dissertation, and three influential papers on theAnglo-Saxon poemBeowulf. She taught at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, theUniversity of Pennsylvania,Johns Hopkins University, andHarvard University, among other places.

Brady was born an American citizen inTientsin, China, and traveled frequently as a child, spending time inLos Angeles, California,British Columbia, andAustin, Texas. She studied in theUniversity of California system, receiving her bachelor's and master's degrees, and herPh.D. in 1935. She next became an English instructor at that university's College of Agriculture, and worked as anassistant professor of languages and literature at Berkeley from 1941 to 1946. The following three years were spent at the University of Pennsylvania, until, at the end of 1949, Brady moved to teach atCentral Oregon Community College; her resignation due to "ill health" was announced a few months later. After being named the 1952–53Marion Talbot Fellow of theAmerican Association of University Women and writing two articles, Brady's scholarship ceased for a quarter of a century. In 1979, and posthumously in 1983, her final two articles were published. (Full article...)
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Official portrait, 1981

Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40thpresident of the United States from 1981 to 1989. A member of theRepublican Party, he became an important figure in theAmerican conservative movement. The period encompassinghis presidency is known as theReagan era.

Born inTampico, Illinois, Reagan graduated fromEureka College in 1932 and was hired the next year as a sports broadcaster in Iowa. In 1937, he moved to California where he became a well-known film actor. During his acting career, Reagan was president of theScreen Actors Guild twice from 1947 to 1952 and from 1959 to 1960. In the 1950s, he hostedGeneral Electric Theater and worked as a motivational speaker forGeneral Electric. During the1964 presidential election, Reagan's "A Time for Choosing" speech launched his rise as a leading conservative figure. After beingelected governor of California in 1966, he raised state taxes, turned the state budget deficit into a surplus and implemented crackdowns on university protests. Following his loss toGerald Ford in the1976 Republican Party presidential primaries, Reagan won the Republican Party's nomination and then obtained a landslide victory over PresidentJimmy Carter in the1980 presidential election. (Full article...)
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Oppenheimer in 1944

J. Robert Oppenheimer (bornJulius Robert Oppenheimer/ˈɒpənhaɪmər/ ^ⓘOP-ən-hy-mər; April 22, 1904 – February 18, 1967) was an Americantheoretical physicist who served as the director of theManhattan Project'sLos Alamos Laboratory duringWorld War II. He is often called the "father of theatomic bomb" for his role in overseeing the development of the first nuclear weapons.

Born inNew York City, Oppenheimer obtained a degree inchemistry fromHarvard University in 1925 and adoctorate in physics from theUniversity of Göttingen inGermany in 1927, studying underMax Born. After research at other institutions, he joined the physics faculty at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, where he was made a full professor in 1936. (Full article...)
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Jolie in 2024

Angelina Jolie (/dʒoʊˈliː/joh-LEE; bornAngelina Jolie Voight,/ˈvɔɪt/, June 4, 1975) is an American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian. She is the recipient ofnumerous accolades, including anAcademy Award, aTony Award and threeGolden Globe Awards. Films in which she has appeared have grossed over $6.9 billion worldwide. She has been named Hollywood's highest-paid actress multiple times.

Jolie made her screen debutas a child alongside her father,Jon Voight, inLookin' to Get Out (1982). Her film career began in earnest a decade later with the low-budget productionCyborg 2 (1993), followed by her first leading role inHackers (1995). After starring in the television filmsGeorge Wallace (1997) andGia (1998), Jolie won theAcademy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1999 dramaGirl, Interrupted. Her portrayal of thetitular heroine inLara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) established her as a leading lady. Jolie's success continued with roles in the action filmsMr. & Mrs. Smith (2005),Wanted (2008), andSalt (2010), as well asthe title character in the fantasy filmsMaleficent (2014) andMaleficent: Mistress of Evil (2019), and asThena in theMarvel Cinematic Universe superhero filmEternals (2021). (Full article...)
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Hanna in 1977

William Denby Hanna (July 14, 1910 – March 22, 2001) was an American animator, voice actor, and musician. Hanna andJoseph Barbera co-createdTom and Jerry and founded the animation studio and production companyHanna-Barbera, with Hanna providing the vocal effects forTom and Jerry's title characters.

Hanna joined theHarman and Ising animation studio in 1930 and steadily gained skill and prominence while working on cartoons such asCaptain and the Kids. In 1937, while working atMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), Hanna met Barbera and formed a working relationship. In 1957, they co-founded Hanna-Barbera, which became the most successful television animation studio in the business, creating or producing programs such asThe Flintstones,The Huckleberry Hound Show,The Jetsons,Scooby-Doo,The Smurfs, andYogi Bear. In 1967, Hanna-Barbera was sold toTaft Broadcasting for $12 million (equivalent to about $113 million today) but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991. At that time, the studio was sold toTurner Broadcasting System, which in turn was merged withTime Warner in 1996; Hanna and Barbera stayed on as advisors. (Full article...)

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... thata mountain in Southern California was used by theMarquardt Corporation as a laboratory to test "highly reactive or toxic"rocket propellant?
... that, before designing theMillard House, Frank Lloyd Wright designed theMillard House?
... thata California TV station lost the rights to airSacramento Kings basketball for declining to share revenue from pre-game and post-game shows?
... thatEdward D. Maryon's art was heavily influenced by his time stationed at thePresidio of Monterey after being drafted into the army?
... thatCasa Amesti is among the oldest houses in Monterey, having been built before California became a state?
... that in 1858, when 400 Black Americans experiencing discrimination in Californiaresettled on Vancouver Island, clergymanEdward Cridge integratedChrist Church to welcome them?
... that the founder ofa California radio station "didn't want to do background music"?
... thatFrederick E. Olmsted was instrumental in the creation of nineteen national forests and theMuir Woods National Monument in California?

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Barker Dam (California)

Credit: Tarret

Barker Dam is a water-storage facility located inJoshua Tree National Park inCalifornia. Thedam was constructed by early cattlemen, and is situated between Queen Valley and the Wonderland of Rocks near the Wall Street Mill. It is a gathering place for desert wildlife, including many species of birds andDesert Bighorn Sheep.

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Credit:Victorrocha

Industry (orCity of Industry) is a city in theSan Gabriel Valley section ofLos Angeles County,California,United States. It was incorporated June 18, 1957. The population was 777 at the 2000 census. The city was incorporated to prevent surrounding cities from annexing industrial land for tax revenue.

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v t e State ofCalifornia
Sacramento (capital)
Topics	Culture Food Music California sound Sports dream Demographics Earthquakes Economy Agriculture Education Environment Geography Climate Ecology Flora Fauna Government Capitol Districts Governor Legislature Supreme Court Healthcare History Law National Historic Landmarks National Natural Landmarks NRHP listings Politics Congressional delegations Elections People Protected areas State Parks State Historic Landmarks Symbols Transportation Water Index of articles
Regions	Antelope Valley Big Sur California Coast Ranges Cascade Range Central California Central Coast Central Valley Channel Islands Coachella Valley Coastal California Conejo Valley Cucamonga Valley Death Valley East Bay (SF Bay Area) East County (SD) Eastern California Emerald Triangle Gold Country Great Basin Greater San Bernardino Inland Empire Klamath Basin Lake Tahoe Greater Los Angeles Los Angeles Basin Lost Coast Mojave Desert Mountain Empire North Bay (SF) North Coast North Coast (SD) Northern California Orange Coast Owens Valley Oxnard Plain Peninsular Ranges Pomona Valley Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta Sacramento Valley Saddleback Valley Salinas Valley San Fernando Valley San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco Peninsula San Gabriel Valley San Joaquin Valley Santa Clara Valley Santa Clara River Valley Santa Clarita Valley Santa Ynez Valley Shasta Cascade Sierra Nevada Silicon Valley South Bay (LA) South Bay (SD) South Bay (SF) South Coast Southern Border Region Southern California Transverse Ranges Tri-Valley Victor Valley Wine Country
Metro regions	Fresno–Madera Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim Sacramento–Roseville Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario San Diego–Tijuana San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland
Counties	Alameda Alpine Amador Butte Calaveras Colusa Contra Costa Del Norte El Dorado Fresno Glenn Humboldt Imperial Inyo Kern Kings Lake Lassen Los Angeles Madera Marin Mariposa Mendocino Merced Modoc Mono Monterey Napa Nevada Orange Placer Plumas Riverside Sacramento San Benito San Bernardino San Diego San Francisco San Joaquin San Luis Obispo San Mateo Santa Barbara Santa Clara Santa Cruz Shasta Sierra Siskiyou Solano Sonoma Stanislaus Sutter Tehama Trinity Tulare Tuolumne Ventura Yolo Yuba
Most populous cities	Los Angeles San Diego San Jose San Francisco Fresno Sacramento Long Beach Oakland Bakersfield Anaheim

Government of California

List of California state agencies • Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments • California Attorney General • California State Board of Education • CDF Aviation Management Program • CalPERS • California Air Resources Board • California Commission for Economic Development • California Department of Boating and Waterways • California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection • California Department of Insurance • California Insurance Commissioner election, 2006 • California Legislative Analyst's Office • California Military Department • California Public Utilities Commission • California Speaks • California State Lands Commission • California State Lottery • California executive branch • CaliforniaVolunteers • California State Capitol • List of California District Attorneys • Districts in California • State of California enterprise IT systems • Department of Fair Employment and Housing • California Geological Survey • Governor of California • 11-99 Foundation • California Institute for Regenerative Medicine • California Insurance Commissioner • Joint Powers Authority • Local Agency Formation Commission • Secretary of State of California • List of law enforcement agencies in California • California State Controller • California State Police • California Department of Transportation • California State Treasurer • Westlands Water District

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State facts

Nicknames: The Golden State
Capital:Sacramento
Total area: 163,696 mi²
- Land: 156,002 mi²
- Water: 7,694 mi²
Highest elevation: 14,505 ft (Mount Whitney)
Population 39,250,017 (2016 est)
Admission to the Union: September 9, 1850 (31^st)

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