Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (February 15, 1811 – September 11, 1888) was anArgentine activist, intellectual, writer, statesman and the seventhPresident of Argentina. His writing spanned a wide range of genres and topics, from journalism to autobiography, to political philosophy and history. He was a member of a group of intellectuals, known as the"Generation of 1837", who had a great influence on nineteenth-century Argentina. He was particularly concerned with educational issues and was also an important influence on the region's literature.
Sarmiento grew up in a poor but politically active family that paved the way for much of his future accomplishments. Between 1843 and 1850 he was frequently in exile, and wrote in bothChile and in Argentina. His greatest literary achievement wasFacundo, a critique ofJuan Manuel de Rosas, that Sarmiento wrote while working for the newspaperEl Progreso during his exile in Chile. The book brought him far more than just literary recognition; he expended his efforts and energy on the war against dictatorships, specifically that of Rosas, and contrasted enlightened Europe—a world where, in his eyes, democracy, social services, and intelligent thought were valued—with the barbarism of thegaucho and especially thecaudillo, the ruthless strongmen of nineteenth-century Argentina. (Full article...)
Image 23Artifacts at the Pío Pablo Díaz Museum inCachi, Salta Province. One of several in Argentina devoted to the ethnology of Indigenous peoples. (fromIndigenous peoples in Argentina)
Image 39Néstor Kirchner served as President of Argentina from 2003 to 2007. His presidency marked the ideology called Kirchnerism. (fromHistory of Argentina)
Image 40The ousting of PresidentArturo Illia was initially broadly supported but later deeply regretted by the Argentine population. (fromHistory of Argentina)
Image 41The changing state of Argentina. The light green area was allocated to indigenous peoples, the light pink area was theLiga Federal, the hatched areas are subject to change during the period. (fromHistory of Argentina)
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