The1990s (pronounced "nineteen-nineties"; shortened to "the'90s") was a decade of theGregorian calendar that began on 1 January 1990, and ended on 31 December 1999.
In the absence ofworld communism, which collapsed in the first two years of the decade, the 1990s was politically defined by a movement towards theright-wing, including increase in support forfar-right parties in Europe[1] as well as the advent of theHindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party[2] andcuts in social spending in the United States,[3] Canada,[4] New Zealand,[5] and the UK.[6] The United States also saw a massive revival in the use of thedeath penalty in the 1990s, which reversed in the early 21st century.[7] During the 1990s the character of theEuropean Union andEuro were formed and codified intreaties.
A combination of factors, including the continued mass mobilization ofcapital markets throughneo-liberalism, the thawing of the decades-longCold War, the beginning of the widespread proliferation ofnew media such as the Internet from the middle of the decade onwards, increasing skepticism towardsgovernment, and thedissolution of the Soviet Union led to a realignment and reconsolidation of economic and political power across the world and within countries. Thedot-com bubble of 1997–2000 brought wealth to someentrepreneurs before its crash between 2000 and 2001.
The 1990s saw extreme advances in technology, with theWorld Wide Web, the firstgene therapy trial, and the firstdesigner babies[8] all emerging in 1990 and being improved and built upon throughout the decade.
Ecuadorian and Peruvian military outposts in the Cenepa valley, January 1995
TheCenepa War orThird Ecuadorian-Peruvian War (26 January – 28 February 1995), also known as theAlto Cenepa War, was a brief and localized military conflict betweenEcuador andPeru, fought over control of an area in the Ecuadorian territory (i.e. in the eastern side of theCordillera del Cóndor,Province of Condorcanqui,Región Amazonas, Republic of Ecuador) near the border between the two countries. The two nations had signed a border treaty following theEcuadorian–Peruvian War of 1941, but Ecuador later disagreed with the treaty as it applied to theCenepa andPaquisha areas, and in 1960 it declared the treaty null and void. Most of the fighting took place around the headwaters of theCenepa River.
Mediation efforts ofArgentina,Brazil,Chile and theUnited States paved the way for the opening of diplomatic conversations that ultimately led to the signing of a definitive peace agreement (theBrasilia Presidential Act) on 26 October 1998. The peace agreement saw some of the territory being leased to Ecuador for a time. It was followed by the formaldemarcation of the border on 13 May 1999 and the end of the multinational MOMEP (Military Observer Mission for Ecuador and Peru) troop deployment on 17 June 1999, which effectively put an end to one of the longestterritorial disputes in theWestern Hemisphere. (Full article...)
... that when a developer tried to buy Kansas City'sNew York Life Building in the 1990s, it was unclear who owned it?
... thatCliff Christl, who became theGreen Bay Packers team historian in 2014, estimated that he had recorded more than 250oral histories with past players and coaches since the 1990s?
... that before theTimes Square Hotel was renovated in the 1990s, it was described as "a scene of complete social chaos", with 1,700 violations of building codes?
Image 57Nelson Mandela voting in 1994, after thirty years of imprisonment. (from1990s)
Image 58Thecatsuit became a trend in the late 1990s. Normally made oflatex,PVC, orspandex, it was often worn with high-heeled boots. (from1990s in fashion)
Image 72Go-go boots became fashionable again in 1995. They were worn by women of the hip-hop, alternative, and dance subcultures. (from1990s in fashion)
Image 81Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in 1990 in Seattle, Washington. (from1990s in music)
Image 82The federal building that was bombed in theOklahoma City bombing two days after the bombing, viewed from across the adjacent parking lot. (from1990s)
Image 86TheNasdaq Composite displaying thedot-com bubble, which ballooned between 1997 and 2000. The bubble peaked on Friday, 10 March 2000. (from1990s)
Image 102Thecompact disc reached its peak in popularity in the 1990s, and not once did anotheraudio format surpass the CD inmusic sales from 1991 throughout the remainder of the decade. By 2000, the CD accounted for 92.3% of the entiremarket share in regard to music sales. (from1990s)
Image 129Rwandan genocide: Bones of genocide victims in Murambi Technical School. Estimates put the death toll of the Rwandan genocide as high as 800,000 people. (from1990s)
ProducersLynda Myles and Roger Randall-Cutler acquired the film rights to the novel in 1988, and commissioned Doyle, a first-time screenwriter, to write an adaptation. Doyle spent one year working on the script before Myles brought in veteran screenwriters Clement and La Frenais to help complete it. Upon reading the novel, Parker signed on as the film's director in 1989. Aninternational co-production betweenIreland, theUnited States and theUnited Kingdom,The Commitments was the first film produced byBeacon Pictures, which provided an estimatedbudget of $12–15 million. The film's young lead actors were mostly inexperienced, and were cast because of their musical backgrounds and resemblance to the characters in the novel.Principal photography took place inDublin, from late August to October, 1990. (Full article...)
Williamson, who was struggling to get his projects off the ground, was inspired by reports of a series of murders by theGainesville Ripper as he wrote a screenplay that satirized theclichés of the slasher genre popularized in films such asHalloween (1978),Friday the 13th (1980), and Craven's ownA Nightmare on Elm Street (1984). Developed under the titleScary Movie, Williamson's script became the subject of an intense bidding war from multiple studios beforeMiramax Films purchased the rights for itsDimension Films label. Craven, despite turning down the opportunity multiple times, agreed to direct the film after he had read the script as he was determined to re-establish himself after several career setbacks. The involvement of Barrymore and Cox helped secure more support from the studio.Principal photography took place from April to June 1996 in California on a budget of $15million. Craven trimmed down the violence in the film after being involved in a tense conflict with theMotion Picture Association of America (MPAA) over the desiredR rating. (Full article...)
Disney initially envisionedToy Story 2 as adirect-to-video sequel. The film began production in a building separated from Pixar, on a small scale, as most of the main Pixar staff were busy working onA Bug's Life (1998). When story reels proved promising, Disney upgraded the film to a theatrical release, but Pixar was unhappy with the film's quality. Lasseter and the story team redeveloped the entire plot in one weekend. Although most Pixar features take years to develop, the established release date could not be moved and the production schedule forToy Story 2 was compressed into nine months. (Full article...)
The film is loosely inspired by the work ofRaymond Chandler. Joel Coen stated, "We wanted to do a Chandler kind of story – how it moves episodically and deals with the characters trying to unravel a mystery, as well as having a hopelessly complex plot that's ultimately unimportant." Theoriginal score was composed byCarter Burwell, a longtime collaborator of the Coen brothers. (Full article...)
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Money No Enough (Chinese:钱不够用;pinyin:Qián Bù Gòu Yòng) is a 1998 Singaporeancomedy film written byJack Neo, directed by Tay Teck Lock, and produced by JSP films. The movie stars Neo,Mark Lee andHenry Thia as three close and best friends who start a car polishing business together to resolve their financial problems. Released in cinemas on 7 May 1998, the film received mixed reviews from critics but earned overS$5.8 million and was the all-time highest-grossing Singaporean film until 2012. Its success helped revive theSingaporean film industry and pave the way for the emergence of other Singaporean cultural phenomena.
It was followed by a second standalone installment titledMoney No Enough 2, which was directed by Neo, and also starring Thia, Lee and Neo himself, and was released on 31 July 2008. A third standalone installment titledMoney No Enough 3, was also directed by Neo and also stars Lee, Thia and Neo himself, and was released on 1 February 2024. (Full article...)
An international co-production between the United States and Mexico,Deep Blue Sea represented a test for Harlin, who had not made a commercially successful film sinceCliffhanger (1993). The film was primarily shot atFox Baja Studios inRosarito, where the production team constructed sets above the large water tanks that had been built forJames Cameron'sTitanic (1997). Although the film features some shots of real sharks, most of the sharks used in the film were eitheranimatronic orcomputer-generated.Trevor Rabin composed the score, while co-star LL Cool J contributed the songs "Deepest Bluest (Shark's Fin)" and "Say What" to the soundtrack. (Full article...)
The film was shot inNagoya, Japan, andVancouver, British Columbia, Canada on a $25 million budget, and premiered in February 1995, taking in $6.6 million in U.S. box office. Most critic reviews found the plot clichéed and the acting unconvincing, while some praised Harada's performance. The critically well-received soundtrack featured music by the Japanesetaiko troupeKodō, which pervades the film. (Full article...)
Surf Ninjas was filmed in Los Angeles,Hawaii, andThailand. A video game was also developed and released in conjunction with the film. It was released in the United States on August 20, 1993, being received generally unfavorably by critics. The film was released on VHS in December 1993 and re-released on DVD in September 2002. (Full article...)
After Rajinikanth narrated the outline ofThenmavin Kombath, he told Ravikumar to develop the screenplay of the remake without watching the original film. Although largely written to suit the tastes of Tamil-speaking audiences, the remake retains the core premise of the original, while adding new plot details and characters. Ashok Rajan acted as the film's cinematographer. Principal photography began in June 1995 and took place inMysore,Madras andKerala. The film was edited by K. Thanikachalam and the music composed byA. R. Rahman, with lyrics written byVairamuthu. (Full article...)
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Leprechaun is a 1993 Americanhorror comedy film written and directed byMark Jones, and starringWarwick Davis in the title role, withJennifer Aniston supporting. The film follows a vengefulleprechaun who believes a family has stolen his pot of gold. As he hunts them, they attempt to locate his gold to mollify him.
Originally intended asstraight horror, Davis injected humor into his role, and reshoots added increased gore to appeal to older audiences.Leprechaun was the first in-house production atTrimark Pictures for theatrical exhibition; it earned a domestic gross of $8.556 million against a budget of roughly $900,000 and became acult film. While reviews were negative, with critics lambasting both the direction and the characters and saying that the film is neither scary nor funny, the commercial success prompted aseries of films with a sequel,Leprechaun 2, released theatrically the following year. (Full article...)
After numerous unsuccessful attempts to develop aFantasia sequel,The Walt Disney Company revived the idea shortly afterMichael Eisner became chief executive officer in 1984. Development paused until the commercial success of the 1991 home video release ofFantasia convinced Eisner that there was enough public interest and funds for a sequel, to which he assigned Disney as executive producer. The music for six of the film's eight segments is performed by theChicago Symphony Orchestra conducted by James Levine. The film includesThe Sorcerer's Apprentice from the 1940 original. Each new segment was produced by combiningtraditional animation withcomputer-generated imagery.Fantasia 2000 is part of theDisney Renaissance, and also commemoratesWalt Disney's third animated feature film. (Full article...)
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