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Poorakkali (meaning Festival Performance) is a traditional dance ritual performed by men during the nine-dayPooram Thiyya festival inBhagavathy temples acrossNorth Malabar inKerala State ofsouth India.[1]
The Pooram festival begins with theKarthikaasterism and concludes with the Pooram asterism of the month ofMeenam according to theMalayalam calendar (corresponding to the sun signPisces according to theJulian Calendar) to honourKamadeva, the god oflove.
The performers come from different sects likeThiyya,Maniyani,Nambiar etc. The basis of Poorakkali essentially is the memories ofVasanthapooja performed by inmates of different worlds like heaven, earth etc. Poorakkali spreads knowledge and entertainment. The show steals the hearts of audience with melodious songs and befitting body movements. ThePanickers are well-known names in the world of Poorakkali and have contributed much to the survival and expansion of this art form.[2]
Kamadeva (theHindu god of love), tries to awakenShiva to the amorous advances ofParvati. He is burned to ashes by the fire emanating from Shiva's third eye. To bring love and joy back to the earth, that is left barren after Kama’s death,Vishnu instructs heavenly goddessesRambha to create Kama’s figure with flowers and to sing and dance. Women on earth continued to sing and dance to celebrateKama’s reincarnation. In the course of time, men took charge of the festivities, though young girls continue to play an integral role in the rituals.[3]
The Poorakkali dance itself is performed by a troop of young men decked inlion costumes around a huge, multi-tiered, lit lamp, also known as a "nilavilukku." The dance involves masculine movements and acrobatic, martial art steps. No singers or musicians accompany the dance; instead, the dancers themselves keep rhythm by singing, clapping and executing synchronised foot-thumping movements. The dancers usually observe a month of abstinence and undergo strenuous practice before the performance. Most of the songs sung are hymns fromRamayana,Mahabharata orBhagavata. The leader of the group, known by the namePanicker, sings the song, and the lines are repeated in chorus by the other dancers. Certain rituals are performed before the dance starts.[4]
Marathukali is a variant of Poorakkali. This is a form performed by two parties competently. The ordinary play lacks the competent mood displayed in Marathukali. Big disputes ensue between two parties while performance is on and learned people dissuade both parties from further confrontation.[3]
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