 A single repeat unit of polytestosterone phloretin phosphate. Aphloretin moiety esterified with twotestosterone phosphate moieties and with aphosphoric acid linker. | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Polytestosteronephloretin phosphate; PTPP; Poly-testosterone phosphate coupled with phloretin |
| Routes of administration | Injection[1] |
| Drug class | Androgen;Anabolic steroid;Androgen ester |
Polytestosterone phloretin phosphate (PTPP) is anandrogen andanabolic steroid as well asandrogen ester which was never marketed.[1] It is anester oftestosterone withphosphoric acid that is in the form of apolymer and is coupled withphloretin.[1] Like other androgen esters, PTPP acts as a long-lastingprodrug of testosterone in the body.[1] However, analogously to the polymericestrogen esterspolyestradiol phosphate (PEP),polyestriol phosphate (PE3P), andpolydiethylstilbestrol phosphate (PSP), PTPP has a strongly prolongedduration with very uniform testosterone levels in animals compared to non-polymerictestosterone esters.[1] According to its developers, this is "exactly the effect which should be aimed at in order to approach natural hormone production as closely as possible".[1] PTPP was developed around 1953 at the same time as PEP and itspatent was published in 1960.[1] The patent was assigned to theSwedishpharmaceutical companyLeo Läkemedel AB, which also developed PEP.[1]
PEP is alinear polymer of on average 13 repeat units ofestradiol phosphate.[2] Each individualestradiol unit in the molecule is connected by its C3 and C17βhydroxyl groups tophosphoric acid linkers that are present between the estradiolmoieties.[2] In contrast to estradiol, such a polymer is not possible with testosterone because testosterone has only one hydroxyl group and hence does not have the two hydroxyl groups necessary for linking the testosterone units together.[1] In PTPP, phloretin is used as a coupling agent to solve this problem and create atestosterone phosphate polymer.[1] Phloretin has four available hydroxyl groups present in its chemical structure.[1] A linear polymer of phloretin with phosphoric acid linkers is present as thebackbone of the molecule, and testosterone moieties are connected to the free third and fourth hydroxyl groups of each phloretin unit also with phosphoric acid linkers.[1] As such, two testosterone moieties essentially "hang" or "dangle off" of each phloretin unit in the polymer, and these testosterone moieties are slowly cleaved from the polymer.[1]
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