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| Year | Republican / Whig | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 2024 | 3,180,117 | 54.83% | 2,533,700 | 43.69% | 86,012 | 1.48% |
| 2020 | 3,154,834 | 53.18% | 2,679,165 | 45.16% | 98,447 | 1.66% |
| 2016 | 2,841,006 | 51.31% | 2,394,169 | 43.24% | 301,372 | 5.44% |
| 2012 | 2,661,437 | 47.60% | 2,827,709 | 50.58% | 101,788 | 1.82% |
| 2008 | 2,677,820 | 46.80% | 2,940,044 | 51.38% | 103,967 | 1.82% |
| 2004 | 2,859,768 | 50.81% | 2,741,167 | 48.71% | 26,973 | 0.48% |
| 2000 | 2,351,209 | 49.97% | 2,186,190 | 46.46% | 168,058 | 3.57% |
| 1996 | 1,859,883 | 41.02% | 2,148,222 | 47.38% | 526,329 | 11.61% |
| 1992 | 1,894,310 | 38.35% | 1,984,942 | 40.18% | 1,060,712 | 21.47% |
| 1988 | 2,416,549 | 55.00% | 1,939,629 | 44.15% | 37,521 | 0.85% |
| 1984 | 2,678,560 | 58.90% | 1,825,440 | 40.14% | 43,619 | 0.96% |
| 1980 | 2,206,545 | 51.51% | 1,752,414 | 40.91% | 324,644 | 7.58% |
| 1976 | 2,000,505 | 48.65% | 2,011,621 | 48.92% | 99,747 | 2.43% |
| 1972 | 2,441,827 | 59.63% | 1,558,889 | 38.07% | 94,071 | 2.30% |
| 1968 | 1,791,014 | 45.23% | 1,700,586 | 42.95% | 468,098 | 11.82% |
| 1964 | 1,470,865 | 37.06% | 2,498,331 | 62.94% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 2,217,611 | 53.28% | 1,944,248 | 46.72% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 2,262,610 | 61.11% | 1,439,655 | 38.89% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 2,100,391 | 56.76% | 1,600,367 | 43.24% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 1,445,684 | 49.24% | 1,452,791 | 49.48% | 37,596 | 1.28% |
| 1944 | 1,582,293 | 50.18% | 1,570,763 | 49.82% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1940 | 1,586,773 | 47.80% | 1,733,139 | 52.20% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1936 | 1,127,855 | 37.44% | 1,747,140 | 57.99% | 137,594 | 4.57% |
| 1932 | 1,227,319 | 47.03% | 1,301,695 | 49.88% | 80,714 | 3.09% |
| 1928 | 1,627,546 | 64.89% | 864,210 | 34.45% | 16,590 | 0.66% |
| 1924 | 1,176,130 | 58.33% | 477,888 | 23.70% | 362,219 | 17.97% |
| 1920 | 1,182,022 | 58.47% | 780,037 | 38.58% | 59,594 | 2.95% |
| 1916 | 514,753 | 44.18% | 604,161 | 51.86% | 46,172 | 3.96% |
| 1912 | 278,168 | 26.82% | 424,834 | 40.96% | 334,092 | 32.21% |
| 1908 | 572,312 | 51.03% | 502,721 | 44.82% | 46,519 | 4.15% |
| 1904 | 600,095 | 59.75% | 344,674 | 34.32% | 59,624 | 5.94% |
| 1900 | 543,918 | 52.30% | 474,882 | 45.66% | 21,273 | 2.05% |
| 1896 | 525,991 | 51.86% | 477,497 | 47.08% | 10,807 | 1.07% |
| 1892 | 405,187 | 47.66% | 404,115 | 47.53% | 40,862 | 4.81% |
| 1888 | 416,054 | 49.51% | 396,455 | 47.18% | 27,852 | 3.31% |
| 1884 | 400,082 | 50.99% | 368,280 | 46.94% | 16,248 | 2.07% |
| 1880 | 375,048 | 51.73% | 340,821 | 47.01% | 9,098 | 1.25% |
| 1876 | 330,698 | 50.21% | 323,182 | 49.07% | 4,769 | 0.72% |
| 1872 | 281,852 | 53.24% | 244,321 | 46.15% | 3,263 | 0.62% |
| 1868 | 280,167 | 54.00% | 238,621 | 46.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1864 | 265,654 | 56.37% | 205,599 | 43.63% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1860 | 221,809 | 51.24% | 187,421 | 43.30% | 23,632 | 5.46% |
| 1856 | 187,497 | 48.51% | 170,874 | 44.21% | 28,126 | 7.28% |
| 1852 | 152,523 | 43.18% | 168,933 | 47.83% | 31,732 | 8.98% |
| 1848 | 138,359 | 42.12% | 154,773 | 47.12% | 35,347 | 10.76% |
| 1844 | 155,113 | 49.68% | 149,061 | 47.74% | 8,050 | 2.58% |
| 1840 | 148,157 | 54.10% | 124,782 | 45.57% | 903 | 0.33% |
| 1836 | 104,958 | 51.87% | 96,238 | 47.56% | 1,137 | 0.56% |
| 1832 | 76,539 | 48.35% | 81,246 | 51.33% | 509 | 0.32% |
| 1828 | 63,396 | 48.40% | 67,597 | 51.60% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1824 | 12,280 | 24.55% | 18,489 | 36.96% | 19,255 | 38.49% |
Political control ofOhio has oscillated between the two major parties.Republicans outnumberDemocrats in Ohio government. The governor,Mike DeWine, is a Republican, as are all other non-judicial statewide elected officials:Lieutenant Governor of OhioJim Tressel,Ohio Attorney GeneralDave Yost,Ohio State AuditorKeith Faber,Ohio Secretary of StateFrank LaRose andOhio State TreasurerRobert Sprague.
In theOhio State Senate, the Republicans have a supermajority (26-7), and in theOhio House of Representatives the Republicans also have a supermajority delegation (66-32), and they have generally held the legislature since the latter half of the 20th century. TheOhio Congressional Delegation is mostly Republican as well; 10 representatives are Republicans while five are Democrats. BothU.S. senators,Bernie Moreno andJon Husted, are Republicans.
Themayors of most of the 10 largest cities in the state (Columbus,Cleveland,Cincinnati,Toledo,Akron,Dayton,Youngstown,Canton,Parma,Lorain) are Democrats. The Republicans are strongest in the rural Northwest, the affluent Cincinnati and Columbus suburbs, and have made gains in Appalachian Southeast Ohio and the industrial, working-class Northeast in the 21st century. The Democrats rely on the state's major cities, and have made gains in educated suburban areas in recent years.
The state was strongly Republican from the party's inception, voting Republican in every election from 1856 to 1908. The northern Union-aligned part of the state kept the state Republican, and consistently narrowly edged out the Democratic and Appalachia-influenced southern Ohio. Since 1896, however, Ohio has voted for the winning candidate, except for Franklin D Roosevelt in 1944, John F Kennedy in 1960, and Joe Biden in 2020. This was due to Democratic gains in the northeastern part of the state. The state has not backed a losing candidate in consecutive elections since 1848. Due to a close split in party registration, it has been a keybattleground state. No Republican has ever been elected president without winning Ohio. In2004, Ohio was the tipping point state, as Bush won the state with 51% of the vote, giving him its 20 electoral votes and the margin he needed in theElectoral College for re-election. The state was closely contested in 2008 and 2012, withBarack Obama winning narrowly on both occasions. Ohio has been abellwether state in presidential elections.
Since 2016, Ohio's bellwether status has been questioned given that Donald Trump won it by eight points, the largest margin for a candidate from either party since 1988, and then won the state by a similar margin in 2020 despite losing nationwide.[2][3]
Ohio's presidential electoral vote total has been declining for decades. Ohio lost twoelectoral votes after the results of the2010 United States Census, leaving it with 18 electoral votes for the presidential elections in 2012, 2016, and 2020. The number of electoral votes was down from 20 in the 2004 and 2008 elections, and down from a peak of 26 in 1964 and 1968. As of 2020, Ohio has its fewest electoral votes since 1828, when it cast 16. The state cast 3.71 percent of all electoral votes from 2004 through 2020, the smallest percentage since it cast 3.40 percent of the votes in 1820.
Ohio's large population has long made the state a major influence in politics. Seven presidents have been from Ohio, all Republicans:William Henry Harrison,Ulysses S. Grant,Rutherford B. Hayes,James A. Garfield,William McKinley,William Howard Taft andWarren G. Harding.[4]
As of September 18, 2024, there were three recognized political parties in Ohio.[citation needed]
| Democratic | |
| Republican | |
| Libertarian |
| Party registration as of October 1, 2021 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Total voters | Percentage | |||
| Unaffiliated | 6,196,547 | 77.6% | |||
| Democratic | 947,027 | 11.8% | |||
| Republican | 836,080 | 10.4% | |||
| Total | 7,979,654 | 100% | |||
There is also one deregistered party that has an active executive committee.
| The Greens | |
| Charter Party | |
| Working Families Party | |
| Communist Party | |
| Constitution Party | |
| Forward Ohio | |
| Party for Socialism and Liberation |
Following each decennial census, the General Assembly, with the approval of the governor, draws the U.S. congressional districts for Ohio's seats in theUnited States House of Representatives (theOhio Apportionment Board draws state legislative districts). Ohio currently has 15House districts. In the 119th Congress, five of Ohio's seats are held by Democrats and 10 are held by Republicans:
Ohio's two United States senators are RepublicansBernie Moreno andJon Husted, both beginning their terms in 2025.
Ohio is part of theUnited States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio and theUnited States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio in the federal judiciary. The district's cases are appealed to the Cincinnati-basedUnited States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
