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List of political parties in Germany

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Politics of Germany
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The Federal Republic ofGermany has a pluralmulti-party system. Historically, the largest by members and parliament seats are theChristian Democratic Union (CDU), with its sister party, theChristian Social Union (CSU) andSocial Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Germany also has a number of other parties, in recent history most importantly theFree Democratic Party (FDP),Alliance 90/The Greens,The Left, and more recently theAlternative for Germany (AfD). The federal government of Germany often consisted of acoalition of a major and a minor party, specifically CDU/CSU and FDP or SPD and FDP, and from 1998 to 2005 SPD and Greens. From 1966 to 1969, from 2005 to 2009, from 2013 to 2021 and since 2025, the federal government consisted of a coalition of the two major parties, called agrand coalition.^[1]

Coalitions in theBundestag and state legislatures are often described by party colors. Party colors are red for the Social Democratic Party, green for Alliance 90/The Greens, yellow for the Free Democratic Party, purple (officially red, which is customarily used for the SPD) for the Left, light blue for the AfD, and black and blue for the CDU and CSU respectively.^[2]^[3]

Current parties

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Party membership in Germany (since 1945; East German parties joined in 1990)

Parties represented in theBundestag

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	Abbr.	Ideology	Political position	European Party	European Group	Leader(s)	MdBs	MEPs	MdLs	Membership
Christian Democratic Union of Germany Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands	CDU	Christian democracy Conservatism	Centre-right	EPP	EPP	Friedrich Merz	164 / 630	23 / 96	525 / 1,893	363,100
Christian Social Union in Bavaria Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern	CSU	Christian democracy Conservatism Bavarian regionalism	Centre-right	EPP	EPP	Markus Söder	44 / 630	6 / 96	85 / 1,893	131,000
Alternative for Germany Alternative für Deutschland	AfD	Right-wing populism National conservatism Völkisch nationalism Euroscepticism	Far-right	ESN	ESN	Tino Chrupalla, Alice Weidel	152 / 630	15 / 96	275 / 1,893	46,881
Social Democratic Party of Germany Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands	SPD	Social democracy	Centre-left	PES	S&D	Lars Klingbeil, Saskia Esken	120 / 630	14 / 96	455 / 1,893	365,190
Alliance 90/The Greens Bündnis 90/Die Grünen	GRÜNE	Green politics Social liberalism	Centre-left	EGP	Greens/EFA	Felix Banaszak, Franziska Brantner	85 / 630	12 / 96	314 / 1,893	166,000
The Left Die Linke	LINKE	Democratic socialism Left-wing populism	Left-wing	PEL	GUE/NGL	Jan van Aken, Ines Schwerdtner	64 / 630	3 / 96	117 / 1,893	102,412
South Schleswig Voters' Association Südschleswigscher Wählerverband	SSW	Regionalism Danish minority interests Frisian minority interests		EFA	Greens/EFA	Christian Dirschauer	1 / 630	0 / 96	4 / 1,893	3,216

Parties represented in theEuropean Parliament

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	Abbr.	Ideology	Political position	European Party	European Group	Leader(s)	MEPs	MdLs	Membership
Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht	BSW	Socialism Cultural conservatism Social conservatism Left-wing populism	Left-wing tofar-left^[a]	-	NI	Sahra Wagenknecht, Amira Mohamed Ali	6 / 96	47 / 1,893	3,000^[4]
Free Democratic Party Freie Demokratische Partei	FDP	Liberalism Classical liberalism Conservative liberalism Pro-Europeanism	Centre-right	ALDE	RE	Christian Dürr	5 / 96	72 / 1,893	70,000
Free Voters Freie Wähler	FW	Liberal conservatism Regionalism Soft Euroscepticism^[5]	Centre-right	EDP	RE	Hubert Aiwanger	3 / 96	43 / 1,893	6,225
Volt Germany Volt Deutschland	Volt	Social liberalism Pro-Europeanism European federalism	Centre-left	VOLT	Greens/EFA	Lara Neumann,Tim Marton	3 / 96	0 / 1,893	8,572
Die PARTEI Partei für Arbeit, Rechtsstaat, Tierschutz, Elitenförderung und basisdemokratische Initiative	Die PARTEI	Political satire Humanism Anti-fascism Environmentalism Pro-Europeanism	Left-wing	-	NI	Martin Sonneborn	2 / 96	0 / 1,893	51,078
Ecological Democratic Party Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei	ÖDP	Green conservatism	Centre-right	EFA	EPP	Christian Rechholz	1 / 96	0 / 1,893	8,035
Party of Progress Partei des Fortschritts	PdF	Grassroots democracy Liberalism Social liberalism Pro-Europeanism	Centre-left	-	NI	Lukas Sieper	1 / 96	0 / 1,893	800
Family Party of Germany Familien-Partei Deutschlands	Familie	Conservatism Familialism Social conservatism Christian democracy	Centre-right toright-wing	ECPM	EPP	Helmut Geuking	1 / 96	0 / 1,893	705
Human Environment Animal Protection Party Partei Mensch Umwelt Tierschutz	Tierschutzpartei	Animal rights Environmentalism	Left-wing	APEU	GUE/NGL	Aida Spiegeler Castaneda Marcel Krohn Robert Gabel	1 / 96	0 / 1,893	2,400

Parties only represented instate parliaments

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Name			Abbr.	Ideology	Political position	EP party	EP group	Result in2021 federal election	Leader(s)	MdLs	Membership	States
		Alliance Germany Bündnis Deutschland	BD	Conservatism	Centre-right toright-wing	-	ECR	- (did not exist)	Steffen Grosse	7 / 1,893	1,000	Bremen
		Values Union WerteUnion	WU	National conservatism Right-wing populism	Right-wing	–	–	– (did not exist)	Hans-Georg Maaßen	1 / 1,893	4,000^[6]	Lower Saxony

Minor parties

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	Abbr.	Leader(s)	Ideology	Political position	EP group	Membership
Action Citizens for Justice Aktion Bürger für Gerechtigkeit	ABG	Alfred Dorn	Direct democracy Alternative medicine Right-wing populism Nationalism	Right-wing		121
Action Party for Animal Welfare Aktion Partei für Tierschutz	Tierschutz hier!	Thomas Schwarz	Animal rights Animal welfare	Single-issue		50
Alliance C – Christians for Germany Bündnis C – Christen für Deutschland	Bündnis C	Karin Heepen &Ole Steffes	Conservatism Christian fundamentalism	Right-wing	ECPM	1,078
Alliance for Human Rights, Animal and Nature Protection Allianz für Menschenrechte, Tier- und Naturschutz	Tierschutzallianz	Josef Fassl	Animal rights	Single-issue		97
Alliance for Innovation and Justice Bündnis für Innovation und Gerechtigkeit	BIG	Haluk Yildiz	Political Islam			2,000
Alliance of German Democrats Allianz Deutscher Demokraten	AD-Demokraten	Ramazan Akbaş	Conservatism Political Islam			2,500
AlphaHHP AlphaHHP - gesundheitspolitische Partei für Deutschland in Europa	AlphaHHP		Anti-vaccination
Anarchist Pogo Party of Germany Anarchistische Pogo-Partei Deutschlands	APPD	Peter Vehreschild	Satire	Apoliticism		2,512
Arminius – Association of the German People Arminius – Bund des deutschen Volkes	Arminius – Bund	Johann Thießen	Russia German interests German nationalism Neo-nazism	Far-right		40
Awakening Peace-Sovereignty-Justice Aufbruch Frieden-Souveränität-Gerechtigkeit	Aufbruch	Markus Beisicht [de]	Russophilia Antimilitarism Anti-Atlanticism	Right-wing
Association for Freedom and Humanity BUND FÜR FREIHEIT UND HUMANITÄT		Anton Stucki	Liberalism			40^[7]
Basic Income Alliance Bündnis Grundeinkommen	BGE	Martin Sonnabend	Universal basic income	Single-issue		350
Basic Income for All [de] Grundeinkommen für Alle	GFA	Uwe Bjorck	Universal basic income	Single-issue		27
Bavaria Party Bayernpartei	BP	Florian Weber	Autonomism Bavarian nationalism Regionalism Conservatism	Centre-right	EFA	3,926
Bergpartei, die "ÜberPartei" Bergpartei, die Überpartei	B*	Yanachasca Laso Solari	Post-left anarchy Dadaism	Far-left		229
Brandenburg United Civic Movements/Free Voters Brandenburger Vereinigte Bürgerbewegungen / Freie Wähler	BVB/FW	Péter Vida	Regionalism			910
German Centre Party Deutsche Zentrumspartei	ZENTRUM	Christian Otte	Christian democracy Conservatism Social conservatism	Centre-right		300
Climate List Germany Klimaliste Deutschland	KL	Fabian Aisenbrey,Doris Vollmer	Climate change mitigation			234
Citizens for Germany Bürger für Deutschland	BfD		Direct democracy
Citizens for Progress and Change Bürger für Fortschritt und Wandel	BFW	Uwe Hück	Progressivism	Centre-left		170
Civic and Economic-Ecological Union Bürgerliche und wirtschaftsökologische Union	BWUnion		Liberalism Nationalism
Civil Rights Movement Solidarity Bürgerrechtsbewegung Solidarität	BüSo	Helga Zepp-LaRouche	LaRouche movement	Syncretic		556
Communist Party of Germany Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands	KPD	Torsten Schöwitz	Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Stalinism	Far-left		165
Democratic Alliance for Diversity and Awakening Demokratische Allianz für Vielfalt und Aufbruch	DAVA	Teyfik Ozcan	Turkish minority interests Erdoğanism			1,000
Democratic Union of Germany Demokratische Vereinigung Deutschland	DVD	Werner Krüger	Reformism Direct democracy Universal basic income
Democratic Liberal LEAGUE Demokratisch Liberale LIGA	LIGA	Thomas H. Stütz	Conservatism	Centre-right
Democracy DIRECT! Demokratie DIREKT!	DIE DIREKTE!	Christian Rombeck	Direct democracy			34
Democratic Left Demokratische Linke	DL	Eckehart Ehrenberg	Democratic socialism	Left-wing		43
Ecological Left [de] Ökologische Linke	ÖkoLinX		Grassroots democracy Eco-socialism Anti-fascism	Left-wing tofar-left		350
Ecological-Left Liberal Democratic Party Ökolinksliberale Demokratische Partei	ÖLDP	Bérangère Bultheel	Social democracy Social liberalism European Federalism	Centre-left		70
Educate Berlin! Bildet Berlin!	Bildet Berlin!	Florian Bublys,Tamara Adamzik	Education reform	Single-issue		50
European Party Love [de] Europäische Partei Liebe	LIEBE		European federalism Subsidized marriage			53
Feminist Party The Women Feministische Partei Die Frauen	DIE FRAUEN	Renate Schmidtsdorff-Aicher	Feminism			400
Free Citizens' Union Freie Bürger Union	FBU	Walter Pfleiderer	National liberalism Conservatism Nationalism	Right-wing
Free Citizens Central Germany Freie Bürger Mitteldeutschland	FBM		Regionalism			35
Free Horizon Freier Horizont	FREiER HORIZONT	Norbert Schumacher	Anti-Wind turbine	Single-issue		40
Free Parliamentary Alliance [de] Freiparlamentarische Allianz	FPA	Luca Piwodda	Participatory democracy			200
Free Saxons Freie Sachsen	FS	Martin Kohlmann	Saxon monarchism Regionalism	Right-wing toFar-right		1,200
From Now on... Democracy Through Referendum [de] Ab jetzt … Demokratie durch Volksabstimmung	Volksabstimmung	Helmut Fleck	Direct Democracy Nationalism	Right-wing		350
Future. Zukunft.	Z.	Lasse Lorenzen	Regionalism			112
future! [de] future!	future!	Stephan Bublitz	Youth interests
Garden Party Gartenpartei	Gartenpartei	Roland Zander	Pro-Allotment Environmentalism			349
German Centre Deutsche Mitte	DM	Sven Hüther	Right-wing populism Anti-vaccination	Right-wing		500
German Conservatives Deutsche Konservative	Deutsche Konservative	Dieter Jochim	Conservatism National conservatism	Centre-right toright-wing		380
German Communist Party Deutsche Kommunistische Partei	DKP	Patrik Köbele	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Far-left		2,850
German Land Economy [de] Deutsch Land Wirtschaft	DLW	Benjamin Meise	Farmer interests			15^[8]
German Party – The Freedomites Deutsche Partei – Die Freiheitlichen	DP	Gerd-Uwe Dahlmann	National conservatism German nationalism Right-wing populism	Right-wing		250
German Sports Party Deutsche Sportpartei	DSP	Michael Möller	Grassroots democracy Sport for social development Anti-Doping
German Social Union Deutsche Soziale Union	DSU	Roberto Rink	National conservatism Social conservatism	Right-wing		1,060
Germans Originating from all of Germany (Autochthons) Aus Gesamtdeutschland stammende Deutsche (Autochthone)	AGsD	Horst Zaborowski	Nationalism Irredentism Direct democracy
Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany Basisdemokratische Partei Deutschland	dieBasis	Reiner Fuellmich,Viviane Fischer	Anti-lockdown Anti-vaccination			18,988^[9]
Human Economy Party Humanwirtschaftspartei	HUMANWIRTSCHAFT	Dieter Müller	Freiwirtschaft			110
Human world - for the well-being and happiness of all Menschliche Welt – für das Wohl und Glücklichsein aller	MENSCHLICHE WELT	Michael Moritz	Progressive utilization theory Anti-vaccination Pacifism			669
INDEPENDENTS for citizen-friendly democracy UNABHÄNGIGE für bürgernahe Demokratie	UNABHÄNGIGE	Werner Fischer	Non-partisan democracy Direct democracy			86
Liberal Democrats – The Social Liberals Liberale Demokraten – Die Sozialliberalen	LD	Bernd Grothkopp	Social liberalism			100
Lobbyists for Children Lobbyisten für Kinder	LfK	Johanna Nelkner,Fabio Libonati	Children's rights			100
Lusatian Alliance Lausitzer Allianz / Łužiska Alianca / Łužyska Alianca		Hannes Wilhelm-Kell	Regionalism Progressivism Ethnic minority interests			90
Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany Marxistisch-Leninistische Partei Deutschlands	MLPD	Gabi Fechtner	Marxism–Leninism Communism	Far-left		2,800
Mindful Democrats Achtsame Demokraten	Die Achtsamen
Modern Social Party Moderne Soziale Partei	MSP
mut mut	mut	Claudia Stamm	Social liberalism	Centre-left		400
MERA25 MERA25	MERA25	Julijana Zita	Progressivism Direct democracy	Left-wing	DiEM25	2,000
National Democratic Party of Germany Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands	NPD	Lennart Schwarzbach	Neo-Nazism	Far-right
neo. Wellbeing for all neo. Wohlstand für alle	neo.	Jörg Gastmann	Economic Balance System Universal basic income Grassroots democracy
New Strength Party Neue Stärke Partei	NSP	Sara Storch,Christoph Thews	Neo-Nazism	Far-right		100^[10]
One for all - Party Eine für Alle - Partei	Eine für Alle		Grassroots democracy			13
Party for Franconia Partei für Franken	DIE FRANKEN	Robert Gattenlöhner	Regionalism			237
Party for Biomedical Rejuvenation Research Partei für schulmedizinische Verjüngungsforschung	Verjüngungsforschung	Felix Werth	Single-issue politics	Single-issue		289
Party of Humanists Partei der Humanisten	PdH	Felicitas Klings	Humanism Secularism Civil libertarianism Social liberalism			2,350
Party of Reason Partei der Vernunft	PdV	Friedrich Dominicus	Right-libertarianism Euroscepticism	Right-wing	EPIL	352
PETO PETO	PETO	Lydia Hannawald	Youth interests			400
Pirate Party Germany Piratenpartei Deutschland	PIRATEN	Borys Sobieski^[11]	Pirate politics E-democracy Direct democracy Social liberalism European federalism	Centre-left	Greens/EFA	5,541
Renters Party Mieterpartei	MIETERPARTEI	Anke Hahn,Hartmut Bräunlich	Anti-high rent Tenant rights	Centre-left		50
Saxon People's Party Sächsische Volkspartei	SVP	Mirko Schmidt	Nationalism	Far-right
SGV – Solidarity, Equity, Change SGV – Solidarität, Gerechtigkeit, Veränderung	SGV		Anti-corruption
Socialist Equality Party Sozialistische Gleichheitspartei	SGP	Ulrich Rippert	Trotskyism	Far-left		276
Standing up socially just intelligent party Aufstehen sozial gerechte intelligente Partei	Aufstehenpartei	Paul Weiler	Left-wing populism	Centre-left toLeft-wing
Statt Party Statt Partei	STATT	Robert W. Hugo	Populism			200
Transnational Unity, Solidarity, and Libertarianism Advocates Transnationale Einheit´s, Solidarität´s und Libertarismus Advokaten	TESLA	Norbert Wiesweg	Sinti andRomani interests
The Justice Party – Team Todenhöfer Die Gerechtigkeitspartei – Team Todenhöfer		Jürgen Todenhöfer	Anti-militarism Populism			5,314
The Glass clear Die Glasklar	DGK	Marie-José Velonjara	Social democracy Populism
The Federals DIE FÖDERALEN	DIE FÖDERALEN	Maren Zaidan	Liberalism Federalism Progressivism
The Grays – For all Generations Die Grauen – Für alle Generationen	Die Grauen	Michael Schulz	Intergenerationality			135
The Homeland Die Heimat	HEIMAT	Peter Schreiber	Neo-Nazism Ultranationalism Pan-Germanism Anti-immigration Revanchism	Far-right	APF	3,000
The House of Germany Das Haus Deutschland	DHD	Egbert Besler	Constitutionalism Social democracy
The Reformers Die Reformer	REFORMER	Erich Schuster	Liberalism Pro-Europeanism
The III. Path Der III. Weg	III. Weg	Matthias Fischer	Neo-Nazism Strasserism Ethnic nationalism German nationalism Hard Euroscepticism	Far-right		642
The Modernity die Moderne		Martin Martens	Centrism	Centre
The New Centre Die Neue Mitte - Zurück zur Vernunft	NM	Christoph Hörstel	Sovereignism Euroscepticism Anti-vaccination Anti-Zionism Russophilia	Right-wing
The New Democrats Die neuen Demokraten			Security
The Libertarians Die Libertären	DIE LIBERTÄREN	Dr. Mathias Hummel	Libertarianism Laissez-faire Economic liberalism
THE OTHERS DIE SONSTIGEN	sonstige		Democratic confederalism Progressivism Anti-militarism	Left-wing		171
The Party of Sorbians die partei der sorben	PDS	Lars Krause	Political satire Sorbian Separatism Anti-militarism
The Pink/ Alliance21 Die Pinken/Bündnis21	BÜNDNIS21		Anti-corruption			450
The Republicans Die Republikaner	REP	Tilo Schöne	German nationalism National conservatism Euroscepticism Social conservatism	Right-wing		4,533
The Sharks – Party with bite Die Haie – Partei mit Biss	HAIE	Jan Heie Erchinger	Pragmatism	Centre
The Peace Party Die Friedenspartei		Mahmoud Ahmed	Pacifism
The Urbans. A HipHop Party Die Urbane. Eine HipHop Partei	du	Niki Drakos,Raphael Hillebrand	Social justice Environmentalism			303
The Violets Die Violetten	Die Violetten	Irene Garcia Garcia	Spiritualism Direct democracy Environmentalism			678
Thuringian Homeland Party Thüringer Heimatpartei	THP					56
We Citizens Wir Bürger	LKR	Jürgen Joost	Liberal conservatism Economic liberalism Soft Euroscepticism	Centre-right toright-wing	ECR Party	1,000
V-Partei³ – Party for Change, Vegetarians and Vegans V-Partei³ – Partei für Veränderung, Vegetarier und Veganer	V³	Roland Wegner	Animal rights Environmentalism			1,200
Waying C Aufbruch C		Andreas Epp	Christian democracy Conservatism	Right-wing		74
WiR2020 WiR2020	W2020	Wolfgang Romberg,Sonja Früh	Anti-vaccinationism Anti-lockdown			4,600

Historical parties

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Defunct parties in the Federal Republic of Germany

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Name	Abbr.	Leader(s)	Ideology	Est.	Diss.	Note
50Plus The Generation-Alliance 50Plus Das Generationen-Bündnis	50Plus	Hans Werner Müller	Right-wing populism	2004	2009
Action Democratic Progress Aktion Demokratischer Fortschritt	ADF	Collective leadership	Communism	1968	1969
Action Group Fourth Party Aktionsgemeinschaft Vierte Partei	AVP	Christian Ernst Dietrich Bahner	National conservatism	1975	1978
Action Group of Independent Germans Aktionsgemeinschaft Unabhängiger Deutscher	AUD	August Haußleiter (1968–1980)	German nationalism Environmentalism Neutrality	1965	1980	Merged intoThe Greens
Active Democracy direct Aktive Demokratie direkt	ADd		Direct democracy E-democracy	2011	2016
All-German Bloc/League of Expellees and Deprived of Rights Gesamtdeutscher Block/Bund der Heimatvertriebenen und Entrechteten	GB/BHE	Waldemar Kraft (1951–1954)	National conservatism German nationalism Expellee interests	1950	1961	Merged intoDP
All-German Party of Germany Gesamtdeutsche Partei Deutschlands	GPD	Frank Seiboth,Herbert Schneider	National conservatism German nationalism Expellee interests	1961	1981	Merger ofGB/BHE andDP
All-German People's Party Gesamtdeutsche Volkspartei	GVP	Gustav Heinemann	Anti-Western integration [de] Christian democracy Anti-militarism Neutrality	1952	1957	Split fromCDU, merged intoSPD
Alliance for Health, Peace and Social Justice Allianz für Gesundheit, Frieden und soziale Gerechtigkeit	AGFG	Matthias Rath	Alternative medicine	2005	2009
Alliance of Germans, Party for Unity, Peace and Freedom Bund der Deutschen, Partei für Einheit, Frieden und Freiheit	BdD	Josef Weber (1964–1968)	Anti-Western integration [de] Anti-militarism Neutrality	1953	1968	Merged intoDFU
Alliance of the Centre Allianz der Mitte	ADM	Hans Weide	Conservatism	2004	2012	Merged intoDeutsche Konservative
Automobile Taxpayers Party Automobile Steuerzahler-Partei	ASP		Motorist interests	1993	2002
Awakening of German patriots – Central Germany Aufbruch deutscher Patrioten – Mitteldeutschland	ADPM	Benjamin Przybylla	Right-wing populism National conservatism Nationalism	2019	2020
Awakening for civil rights, freedom and health Aufbruch für Bürgerrechte, Freiheit und Gesundheit	AUFBRUCH	Hans Christoph Scheiner	Anti-wireless expansion Alternative medicine	1998	2012
Christian Centre Christliche Mitte — Für ein Deutschland nach GOTTES Geboten	CM	Josef Happel	National conservatism Christian conservatism Social conservatism	1988	2016	Still exists as athink tank
Christian Falangist Party of Germany Christlich Falangistische Partei Deutschlands	CFPD		Falangism Zionism	2006	2009
Christian League - The Party for Life Christliche Liga – Die Partei für das Leben	LIGA	Ewald Jaksch	Christian right Conservatism	1985	1995
Citizens for Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Bürger für Mecklenburg-Vorpommern	BMV	Michael Bertram	Conservatism Regionalism	2018	2018	Split fromAfD, merged intoFree Voters
Citizens for Thuringia Bürger für Thüringen	BfTh	Ute Bergner	Right-wing populism	2020	2024	Merged intoValues Union
Communist League of West Germany Kommunistischer Bund Westdeutschland	KBW	Joscha Schmierer (1973–1982)	Maoism	1973	1985
Communist Party of Germany (Roter Morgen) Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Roter Morgen)	KPD (Roter Morgen)		Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Hoxhaism	1985	2011	Split fromKPD/ML
Communist Party of Germany/Marxists–Leninists Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands/Marxisten-Leninisten	KPD/ML	Ernst Aust (1968–1983)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Hoxhaism	1968	1986	Newspaper still exists
Communist Party of Germany Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands	KPD	Max Reimann (1948–1956)	Communism Marxism–Leninism	1918	1956	Banned in 1956
Democracy in Motion Demokratie in Bewegung	DiB	Julia Beerhold,Alexander Plitsch	Democratic socialism	2017	2025
Democratic Gay/Lesbian Party - The People's Party Demokratische Schwul / Lesbische Partei - Die Bürgerpartei	DSLP	Thomas Mosmann	Homonationalism Anti-Islam	2013	2016
Democratic Left Demokratische Linke	DL	Eugen Eberle [de]	Socialism	1967	1970
Democratic Socialists Demokratische Sozialisten	DS		Eurocommunism	1982	1991
Democratic Party of Germany Demokratische Parte Deutschlands	DPD	Markus Giersch	Universal basic income Grassroots democracy Anti-Noise pollution	2009	2015
Drivers' and Peoples' Interest Party Autofahrer- und Volksinteressenpartei	AViP	Andreas Uhing	Motorist interests Euroscepticism	2011	2016
Drivers' and Citizens' Interest Party Autofahrer- und Bürgerinteressenpartei Deutschlands	APD	Anton K. Marth	Motorist interests	1988	2002
Equality Party Gerechtigkeitspartei	G			1973	1978
European Federalist Party Europäische Föderalistische Partei	EFP	Karl Hahn	European federalism	1964	1994
European Workers-Party Europäische Arbeiter-Partei	EAP	Helga Zepp-LaRouche	LaRouche movement	1974	1986	Succeeded byPatrioten
Expellee and Migrants Party of Germany – Unity Aussiedler und Migranten Partei Deutschland – EINHEIT	DIE EINHEIT	Dimitri Rempel	Russophilia Conservatism Expellee interests	2013	?
Federation for a Complete Germany Bund für Gesamtdeutschland	BGD	Horst Zaborowski	Revanchism Nationalism	1990	2017	Merged withAGsD
Free Citizens' Initiative Freie Bürger-Initiative	FBI	Dr. Thomas Kernebeck	Direct democracy	1994	?
Free German People's Party Freiheitliche Deutsche Volkspartei	FDVP		Nationalism	2000	2003	Split fromDVU, merged intoDP
Free German Workers' Party Freiheitliche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei	FAP	Friedhelm Busse (1988–1995)	Neo-Nazism Strasserism	1979	1995	Banned in 1995 (as organization)
Free Union Freie Union	FU	Danny Hoffmann	Conservatism Direct democracy Economic liberalism	2009	2019
The Frisians Die Friesen	FRIESEN	Ralf Bieneck	Ethnic minority interests	2007	2023
German Community Deutsche Gemeinschaft	DG	August Haußleiter (1952–1965)	German nationalism Anti-militarism Revanchism Neutrality	1949	1965	Merged intoAUD
German Democratic Party Deutsche Demokratische Partei	ddp	Thorsten Sandvoß	Third way Universal basic income	2004	2015
German Empire Party Deutsche Reichspartei	DRP	Heinrich Kunstmann Adolf von Thadden Alexander Andrae	Neo-Nazism (after 1952) Pan-Germanism German nationalism	1950	1956	Merger ofDRP andNDP
German Freedom Party Deutsche Freiheitspartei	DFP	Heinrich Kunstmann	German nationalism Strasserism Neutrality	1962	1964	Split fromDRP, merged intoAUD
German Freedom Party Die Freiheit – Bürgerrechtspartei für mehr Freiheit und Demokratie	DIE FREIHEIT	Michael Stürzenberger	Classical liberalism Direct democracy Right-wing populism Hard Euroscepticism	2010	2016
German-Hanoverian Party Deutsch-Hannoversche Partei	DHP	Hans Wilhelm Griemsmann	Conservatism Federalism	1953	1962	Split from1947 DP, rejoined remnant-DP
German Party Deutsche Partei	DP	Heinrich Hellwege	German nationalism National conservatism Constitutional monarchism	1947	1961
German Party Deutsche Partei	DP	Adolf von Thadden (after 1967)	National conservatism	1961	1980	Founded by former members of the1947 DP
German Peace Union Deutsche Friedens-Union	DFU		Pacifism Neutrality Anti-militarism	1960	1984/90
German People's Union Deutsche Volksunion	DVU	Matthias Faust (2009–2011)	Pan-Germanism National conservatism Right-wing populism	1971/87	2011	Split from and merged intoNPD
German Protestant League Deutsche Protestantische Liga	DEUPROLIGA		Christian democracy	2020	2023
German Reconstruction Party Deutsche Aufbaupartei	D\|A\|P	Tobias Stober	D-Mark reintroduction	2017	2019
German Social Movement Deutsch-Soziale Bewegung	DSB	Karl-Heinz Priester	Neo-fascism Corporatism Pan-European nationalism	1949	1970s	Merged intoFSVP
German Social Union Deutsch-Soziale Union	DSU	Otto Strasser	Strasserism Revolutionary nationalism	1956	1962
German Solidarity - Union for the Environment and Life Protection Deutsche Solidarität – Union für Umwelt und Lebensschutz	Öko-Union	Horst Götting	National conservatism	1978	1997	Split fromAVP
German Union Deutsche Union	DU	Siegfried Zoglmann	National liberalism	1971	1980
Gray Panthers Graue Panther	Graue Panther	Georg Schulte	Green politics Senior citizens interests	1989	2008
Humanist Party Humanistische Partei	HP		New Humanism Social liberalism Grassroots democracy	1984	2006
Independent Workers' Party (German Socialists) Unabhängige Arbeiter-Partei (Deutsche Sozialisten)	UAP	Ulrich Villmow (1995–2014)	Strasserism Neue Rechte European federalism Democratic socialism	1962	2014	Split fromDSU, unofficial successor
Independent Workers' Party of Germany Unabhängige Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands	UAPD		Titoism Trotskyism	1950	1952
Kreuzberg Patriotic Democrats/Realistic Center Kreuzberger Patriotische Demokraten/Realistisches Zentrum	KPD/RZ	Hans Joachim Grimm	Satire Anti-fascism	1988	2016	Merged intoDie PARTEI
Labour and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit – Die Wahlalternative	WASG	Klaus Ernst Thomas Händel Christine Buchholz Axel Troost	Democratic socialism Trade unionism	2005	2007	Merged intoThe Left
League of German Communists Bund Deutscher Kommunisten	BDK		Communism Marxism–Leninism	1972	?	Split fromDKP
Liberal People's Party Freiheitliche Volkspartei	FVP	Franz Handlos	National conservatism Social conservatism	1985	1992	Split fromThe Republicans
Maritime Union of Germany Maritime Union Deutschland	MUD	Konrad Fischer	Fishermans' interests Social democracy Euroscepticism	2011	2012
Mature Citizens Die Mündigen Bürger	Mündige Bürger	Erika Herbst	National conservatism Alternative medicine Esotericism	1975	1994
Motorist and citizens' interest party in Germany Autofahrer- und Bürgerinteressenpartei Deutschlands	APD	Anton K. Marth (1988–1995)	Motorist interests	1988	2002
Muslim Democratic Union Muslimische Demokratische Union	MDU		Islamism Salafism	2010	2014	Merged intoBIG
National Democratic Empire Party Nationaldemokratische Reichspartei	NDRP		Neo-Nazism	1950	1951	Merger of multiple smaller parties, succeeded byYoung Party
National Liberal Action Nationalliberale Aktion	NLA	Erich Mende	National liberalism	1970	1971
National Party of Germany Nationale Partei Deutschlands	NPD	Moritz von Faber (1956–62) Wolf Ewert (1952–56) Erwin Mebus (1950–52)	Neutralism National Bolshevism	1950	1962
Natural Law Party Naturgesetz-Partei, Aufbruch zu neuem Bewusstsein	NATURGESETZ		Transcendental Meditation	1992	2004
New consciousness - The holistic-esoteric party of Germany Neues Bewußtsein die ganzheitlich-esoterische Partei Deutschlands	Bewußtsein		New-Age movement Esotericism	1989	?
New National Party Neue Nationale Partei	NNP	Jens Tholen	Civic nationalism Social liberalism Anti-fascism	2014	2015
Noise torture-Environment-Politics-Honest Lärmfolter-Umwelt-Politik-ehrlich	LUPe	Klaus Zimmer	Anti-Noise pollution	2013	2016
Parent Party Elternpartei	Eltern	Werner Jock	Parents' interests	2005	2010
Party for a Rule of Law Offensive Partei Rechtsstaatlicher Offensive	PRO	Ronald Schill (2000–2003)	Right-wing populism Conservatism	2000	2007	Commonly known as Schill-Partei
Party for Labour, Environment and Family AUF - Partei für Arbeit, Umwelt und Familie - Christen für Deutschland	AUF		Conservatism Christian fundamentalism	2008	2015	Merged intoAlliance C
Party of Bible-abiding Christians Partei Bibeltreuer Christen	PBC	Gerhard Heinzmann	Christian right Pentecostalism Christian fundamentalism	1989	2015	Merged intoAlliance C
Party of Democratic Socialism Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus	PDS	Lothar Bisky (2003–2007)	Democratic socialism Left-wing populism	1989	2007	Merged intoThe Left
Party of Non-Voters Partei der Nichtwähler	Nichtwähler	Werner Peters	Protest party Direct democracy	1998	2016
Party of those willing to work and the socially disadvantaged Partei der Arbeitswilligen und Sozial Schwachen	PASS	Frank Knüppel (1998–2000)	Protest party Unemployed interests	1993	2009
Patriots for Germany Patrioten für Deutschland	Patrioten	Helga Zepp-LaRouche	LaRouche movement National conservatism	1986	1992	Succeeded byBüSo
Peace List Die Friedensliste	FRIEDEN	1984–1986: Mechtild Jansen Manfred Coppik Hans Mausbach	Peace movement	1984	1989
Pensioners' Party of Germany Rentner Partei Deutschland	RENTNER	Günter Pfeiffer	Senior citizens interests	2002	2016
Pensioners' Party Rentnerinnen- und Rentner-Partei	RRP	Manfred Link	Senior citizens interests	2007	2016
Pro Germany Citizens' Movement Bürgerbewegung pro Deutschland	pro Deutschland	Manfred Rouhs	Right-wing populism	2005	2017
Pro NRW Bürgerbewegung pro NRW	pro NRW	Markus Beisicht	Right-wing populism Anti-immigration Anti-Islam	2007	2019
Posadist Communist Party Posadistische Kommunistische Partei		Paul Schulz	Posadism	1969	2005
Sarazzist Party ━ For Referendums Sarazzistische Partei – für Volksentscheide	SPV	Kai Schulze	Sarrazism Direct democracy	2010	2011
Social People's Party Soziale Volkspartei	SVP	Ronny Grubert	Neo-Nazism Militancy	1999	1999	Split fromNPD
Social People's Party of Germany Soziale Volkspartei Deutschlands	SVD	Wolfgang Staschen	Social democracy Anti-immigration	1984	1984
Socialist Reich Party Sozialistische Reichspartei Deutschlands	SRP	Otto Ernst Remer Fritz Dorls Gerhard Krüger	Neo-Nazism	1949	1952	Banned in 1952
Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin Sozialistische Einheitspartei Westberlins	SEW	Gerhard Danelius (1962–1978)	Communism Marxism–Leninism	1962	1991	Split fromSED
Spartacus League Spartacusbund	SpB		Trotskyism	1974	1980s
Red October Roter Oktober	RO		Communism Marxism–Leninism	2002	2009	Split fromKPD (RO)
Revolutionary Socialist League Revolutionär Sozialistischer Bund/Vierte Internationale	RSB		Trotskyism	1994	2016	Merged intoISO
The Blue Party Die blaue Partei	Blaue #TeamPetry	Frauke Petry	National conservatism National liberalism Euroscepticism	2017	2019	Split from theAfD
The Grays – Gray Panthers Die Grauen – Graue Panther	GRAUE		Anti-Ageism Green politics Senior citizens interests	1989	2008	Split intoDie Grauen andGraue Panther
The Right Die Rechte	Die RECHTE	Christian Worch	Neo-Nazism Ultranationalism Pan-Germanism Anti-immigration Historical revisionism	2012	2025
The Social Liberals Die Sozialliberalen	SL	Mikael Horstmann	Social liberalism European federalism	2014	2021	Still exists as athink tank
The Ungovernable - Autonomous List Die Unregierbaren – Autonome Liste	U/AL		Anti-fascism Direct action	1989	2009
Union of Free Citizens Bund freier Bürger	BFB	Manfred Brunner	National liberalism Right-wing populism	1994	2000
Union of Free Germany Bund Freies Deutschland	BFD		Right-wing populism	1973	1977
United Socialist Party Vereinigte Sozialistische Partei	VSP		Socialism	1986	2000
West German Women's Peace Movement Westdeutsche Frauenfriedensbewegung	WFFB	Klara Marie Faßbinder	German reunification Anti-militarism Pacifism	1952	1974
Woman's Party Frauenpartei	Frauen	Sibylle Schücking-Helfferich	Feminism	1979	1989
Work for Bremen and Bremerhaven Arbeit für Bremen und Bremerhaven	AFB		Centrism	1995	2004
Workers' Party of Germany Partei der Arbeit Deutschlands	PdAD	Michael Koth	Juche National Bolshevism	1995	1998
Workers' Party of Germany Partei der Arbeit Deutschlands	PdAD	Simon Bärmann	Social democracy Progressive conservatism	2017	2020
Young Party Junge Partei			Neo-Nazism Neutrality	1951	1951/2
Youth and Development Party of Germany Jugend- und Entwicklungspartei Deutschlands	JED	Till Müller,Lukas Ostermann	Youth interests Social liberalism Cannabis legalization	2017	2019

Defunct parties in Allied-occupied Germany

[edit]

Parties that were founded during theallied occupation and dissolved during or before 1950.

Name	Abbr.	Leader(s)	Ideology	Est.	Diss.	Note
Democratic Party of Germany Demokratische Parte Deutschlands	DPD	Theodor Heuss,Wilhelm Külz	Liberalism	1947	1948	Succeeded byFDP andLDPD
Democratic People's Party Demokratische Volkspartei	DVP	Theodor Heuss	Liberalism	1946	1948	Merged intoFDP
German Conservative Party - German Right Party Deutsche Konservative Partei – Deutsche Rechtspartei	DKP-DRP	Wilhelm Jaeger (1947–1949)	National conservatism	1946	1950	Merged intoDRP andDP
German Conservative Party Deutsche Konservative Partei	DKP	Eldor Borck,Otto Schmidt-Hannover	National conservatism	1946	1950	Merged intoDKP-DRP
German Reconstruction Party Deutsche Aufbaupartei	DAP		Monarchism German nationalism	1945	1946	Merged intoDKP-DRP
Lower Saxony State Party Niedersächsische Landespartei	NLP		Regionalism Christian conservatism Establishment ofLower Saxony	1945	1947	Merged intoDP
National Democratic Party Nationaldemokratische Partei	NDP	Heinrich Leuchtgens	National conservatism	1945	1950	Only active inHesse, merged intoDRP
Radical Social Freedom Party Radikal-Soziale Freiheitspartei	RSF	Richard Batz,Peter Thielen	Freiwirtschaft Border abolition Decentralization	1946	1950	Succeeded byHUMANWIRTSCHAFT

Parties in East Germany

[edit]

	Name	Abbr.	Ideology	Note
Democratic Bloc andNational Front	Socialist Unity Party of Germany Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschland	SED	Stalinism Communism Marxism–Leninism	"Leading Role" per 1968Constitution, succeeded byPDS
	Christian Democratic Union of Germany Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands	CDUD	Christian socialism Social conservatism	Merged into theCDU
	Liberal Democratic Party of Germany Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands	LDPD	Liberal socialism	Merged intoAssociation of Free Democrats (partly)
	Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands	DBD	Agrarianism Agrarian socialism	Merged intoCDUD
	National Democratic Party of Germany National-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands	NDPD	Conservatism National conservatism Socialism	Merged intoFDP

During transition (1989–90)

[edit]

	Name	Abbr.	Ideology	Note
Alliance 90	Democracy Now Demokratie Jetzt	DJ	Democratic socialism	Merged intoAlliance 90/The Greens
	Initiative for Peace and Human Rights Initiative für Frieden und Menschenrechte	IFM	Anti-Communism
	New Forum Neues Forum	NF	Progressivism
Alliance for Germany	Christian Democratic Union of Germany Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands	CDUD	Christian democracy Social conservatism Anti-communism	Merged into theCDU
	Democratic Awakening Demokratischer Aufbruch	DA	Liberal democracy Christian democracy	Merged intoCDUD
	German Social Union Deutsche Soziale Union	DSU	National conservatism Christian democracy Social conservatism	Still exists, seeMinor parties
Association of Free Democrats	Liberal Democratic Party of Germany Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands	LDPD	Liberalism	Merged intoFDP
	German Forum Party Deutsche Forumpartei	DFP	Liberalism
	Free Democratic Party Freie Demokratische Partei	F.D.P.	Liberalism
	Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands	DBD	Agrarianism	Merged intoCDUD
	Green Party Grüne Partei	Die Grünen	Green politics	Merged intoAlliance 90/The Greens
	National Democratic Party of Germany National-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands	NDPD	Centrism National liberalism	Merged intoFDP
	Social Democratic Party in the GDR Sozialdemokratische Partei in der DDR	SPD	Social democracy	Merged intoSPD
	Socialist Unity Party of Germany━Party of Democratic Socialism Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands━Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus	SED-PDS	Democratic socialism	Later renamed toPDS
	United Left Vereinigte Linke	VL	Communism Trotskyism Socialism

Parties in theSaar Protectorate

[edit]

	Abbr.	Ideology	Active	Note
Christian People's Party of Saarland Christliche Volkspartei des Saarlandes	CVP	Christian democracy Conservatism	1946–1959	Later merged with theCDU
Christian Social Union Christlich-Soziale Union	CSU-S	Christian democracy Conservatism	1955–1959	Unofficial counterpart of theCSU
Communist Party of Saarland Kommunistische Partei Saar	KP	Communism Marxism–Leninism	1945–1957	Counterpart of theKPD
Democratic Party of Saarland Demokratische Partei des Saarlandes	DPS	Conservative liberalism National conservatism	1946–1957	Later merged into theFDP
German Democratic Union Deutsche Demokratische Union	DDU	Left-wing politics	1955–1968	Later merged with theDFU
German Social Democratic Party Deutsche Sozialdemokratische Partei	DSP	Social democracy	1952–1956	Split from theSPS, later merged with theSPD
Social Democratic Party of Saarland Sozialdemokratische Partei des Saarlandes	SPS	Social democracy Democratic Socialism	1946–1956	Counterpart of theSPD
Supranational European People's Party Saar Übernationale Europäische Volkspartei saar	ÜEVPS		1955–?

Parties inWeimar Republic

[edit]

Main article:Weimar political parties

Name	Abbr.	Ideology	Political position	Active	Note
Bavarian People's Party Bayerische Volkspartei	BVP	Political Catholicism Bavarian regionalism Conservatism Constitutional monarchism	Right-wing	1918–1933
Centre Party Deutsche Zentrumspartei	Zentrum	Christian democracy Political Catholicism	Centre tocentre-right	1870–
Christian Social People's Service Christlich-Sozialer Volksdienst	CSVD	Agrarainism Conservatism Political Protestantism	Centre-right	1929–1933
Communist Party of Germany Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands	KPD	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Far-left	1918–1956 (West) 1918–1946 (East)	Banned inWest Germany,merged inEast Germany
Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Opposition)	KPO	Communism Luxemburgism	Left-wing,Far-left	1929–1939
Conservative People's Party Konservative Volkspartei	KVP	Conservatism Christian democracy	Right-wing	1930–1933
German Democratic Party Deutsche Demokratische Partei	DDP	Social liberalism Progressivism	Centre-left	1918–1930
German National People's Party Deutschnationale Volkspartei	DNVP	Monarchism Proto-fascism National conservatism German nationalism	Right-wing toFar-right	1918–1933
German People's Party Deutsche Volkspartei	DVP	National liberalism Conservative liberalism Economic liberalism Constitutional monarchism	Centre-right	1918–1933
German Völkisch Freedom Party Deutschvölkische Freiheitspartei	DVFP	German nationalism Völkisch movement Antisemitism	Far-right	1922–1925
German State Party Deutsche Staatspartei	DStP	Liberalism Nationalism Corporatism	Centre-right	1930–1933	Short-lived merger of theDDP andYoung German Order
German Workers' Party Deutsche Arbeiterpartei	DAP	Pan-Germanism German nationalism Volksgemeinschaft	Far-right	1919–1920	Predecessor of theNazi Party
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands	USPD	Democratic socialism Centrist Marxism Pacifism	Left-wing	1917–1931
National Socialist German Workers' Party Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei	NSDAP	National Socialism	Far-right	1920–1945	Sole legal party ofNazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. Banned afterWorld War II
Socialist Workers' Party of Germany Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands	SAPD	Democratic socialism Centrist Marxism	Far-left	1931–1945

Parties founded before World War I

[edit]

	Abbr.	Ideology	Active
Bavarian Peasants' League	BB	Agrarianism	1893–1933
Centre Party	Zentrum	Christian democracy	1870–
Christian Social Party	CSP	Traditionalist conservatism Christian democracy Anti-Semitism	1878–1918
Democratic Union	DV	Liberalism Laïcité	1908–1918
Free Conservative Party	FKP	National conservatism	1867–1918
Free-minded People's Party	FVP	Liberalism Progressivism Parliamentarism Laicism	1893–1910
Free-minded Union	FV	National liberalism	1893–1910
General German Workers' Association	ADAV	Social democracy Democratic socialism	1863–1875
German Conservative Party	DKP	Conservatism Anti-liberalism Anti-Catholicism	1876–1918
German Fatherland Party	DVLP	German nationalism Monarchism Militarism Volksgemeinschaft	1917–1918
German-Hanoverian Party	DHP	Conservatism Federalism	1867–1933
German People's Party	DtVP	Social liberalism Federalism Laïcité Parliamentarism	1868–1910
German Progress Party	DFP	Liberalism Federalism	1861–1884
German Free-minded Party	DFP	Liberalism Progressivism Parliamentarism Laïcité	1884–1893
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany	USPD	Democratic socialism Centrist Marxism Pacifism	1917–1931
Lassallean General German Workers' Association	LADAV	Social democracy Lassallism	1867–1873
Liberal Union	LV	Liberalism Parliamentarism Classical liberalism Economic liberalism Conservative liberalism	1880–1884
National Liberal Party	NLP	National liberalism	1867–1918
National-Social Association	NSV	Christian socialism Social liberalism Nationalism	1896–1903
Progressive People's Party	FVP	Social liberalism Parliamentarism Laïcité	1910–1918
Social Democratic Party of Germany	SPD	Social democracy	1875–present
Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany	SDAP	Social democracy Marxist socialism	1869–1875

Notes

[edit]

^BSW is widely consideredfar-left, but it was also described asleft-wing or left-conservative; the latter label is because some stances of the party on cultural issues are seen asconservative.

References

[edit]

^"Chronik: Bundestagswahlen von 1949 bis 2002 | Deutschland | Deutsche Welle | 02.10.2005". Archived fromthe original on 8 November 2008. Retrieved10 October 2009.
^"Political parties form colorful spectrum in Germany".Deutsche Welle. 18 August 2009. Retrieved12 September 2009.
^The Green party: Getting used to opposition,Deutsche Welle, 24 August 2009, retrieved12 October 2009,This made a so-calledJamaica coalition with the Christian Democratic Union and the Free Democratic Party impossible.
^Druck auf Wagenknecht: Berliner BSW will selbst über Neumitglieder entscheiden. In: Tagesspiegel, 5 August 2025, retrieved 5 August 2025.
^Skiadas, Christos H.; Bozeman, James R. (7 March 2019)."14: Visualizing the Political Spectrum of Germany by Contiguously Ordering the Party Policy Profiles". John Wiley & Sons.ISBN 9781119579533. Retrieved18 April 2023.
^"CDU-Konservative: Was die Werteunion ist und was sie will - ZDFheute". 13 February 2020. Archived fromthe original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved16 March 2024.
^Dregger, Christa (19 May 2023)."Bund für Freiheit und Humanität: Die (vielleicht) kleinste Partei Deutschlands will einen politischen Rahmen für dezentrales Handeln schaffen".Zeitpunkt.
^Bildung, Bundeszentrale für politische (26 August 2024)."Deutsch Land Wirtschaft".bpb.de (in German). Retrieved8 December 2024.
^Bundeswahlausschuss: Entscheidung über die Zulassung von Parteien zur Bundestagswahl (1), Minute 78
^"Verbindungen und Aktivitäten der rechtsextremen "Neue Stärke Partei""(PDF).Bundestag. 29 December 2022.
^"Vorstand".Piratenpartei Deutschland (in German). Retrieved28 December 2024.

External links

[edit]

Political Parties (Germany) - List of German political parties since 1949
Collection of all currently recognized political parties by theFederal Returning Office(in German)
List of all registered political parties in the Federal Republic of Germany between 1969 and 2023 by theFederal Returning Office(in German)
Overview of the elections since 1946 (Übersicht der Wahlen seit 1946) on the website of theTagesschau - Election results in Germany since 1946 on state, federal and European levels (German descriptions, but graphics and data can be accessed without these).

Political parties in Germany

Represented in theBundestag
(630 seats)

CDU (164)
AfD (152)
SPD (120)
The Greens (85)
The Left (64)
CSU (44)
SSW (1)

Represented in the
European Parliament
(96 seats for Germany)

Major parties	CDU (23) AfD (15) SPD (14) The Greens (12) CSU (6) BSW (6) FDP (5) The Left (3) FW (3)
Minor parties	Volt (3) Die PARTEI (2) PMUT (1) ÖDP (1) Family Party (1) Party of Progress (1)

Represented in the
16state parliaments
(1,891 seats)

Major parties	SPD (450, 16/16) CDU (531, 15/16, not in Bavaria) AfD (285, 15/16) The Greens (285, 13/16) FDP (66, 8/16) The Left (85, 7/16) BSW (46, 5/16) FW (44, 3/16)
Regional parties	CSU (85; only inBavaria) SSW (4; only inSchleswig-Holstein)
Minor parties	BD (7; inBremen) Values Union (1; inLower Saxony)

Minor parties
(without representation
at the state level or above)

Notes:

CDU: does not participate in state elections inBavaria, an associated partyCSU participates here.
AfD: is currently not in the state parliament ofSchleswig-Holstein.
The Greens: are currently not in the state parliaments ofBrandenburg,Saarland andThuringia.
FDP: is currently only in the state parliaments ofBaden-Württemberg,Bremen,Hesse,Mecklenburg-Vorpommern,North Rhine-Westphalia,Rhineland-Palatinate,Saxony-Anhalt, and Schleswig-Holstein.
The Left: is currently only in the state parliaments ofBerlin, Bremen,Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern,Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia.
BSW: is currently only in the state parliaments of Berlin, Brandenburg, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saxony, and Thuringia.
FW: is currently only in the state parliaments ofBavaria, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saxony; does not participate in state elections inBrandenburg, an associated partyBVB/FW participates here.

v t e Political parties in Germany before 1945
Communist	Communist Party of Germany (KPD) Communist Workers Party of Germany (KAPD) Communist Party Opposition (KPO)
Socialist Social Democratic	General German Workers' Association (ADAV) Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) Lassallean General German Workers' Association (LADAV) Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP) Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (SAPD)
Catholic	Bavarian People's Party (BVP) Centre Party (Zentrum)
Agrarian	Bavarian Peasants' League (BB) Agricultural League Christian National Peasants' and Farmers' Party (CNBL) German Farmers' Party (DBP) Schleswig-Holsteinische Bauern- und Landarbeiterdemokratie (SHBLD)
Liberal	German Democratic Party (DDP) German State Party (DStP) German People's Party (DVP) German People's Party (DVP), 1868 foundation German Progress Party (DFP) German Free-minded Party (DFP) Free-minded People's Party (FVP) Progressive People's Party (FVP) National Liberal Party (NLP)
Conservative	Conservative People's Party (KVP) Free Conservative Party (FKP) German Conservative Party (DKP) German National People's Party (DNVP) Christian Social Party (CSP) Christian Social People's Service (CSVD) Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation (RVA)
Nazi	German Socialist Party (DSP) German Workers' Party (DAP) German Völkisch Freedom Party (DVFP) National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) National Socialist Freedom Movement (NSFB)
Miscellaneous	German-Hanoverian Party (DHP) Economic Party of the German Middle Class (WP)
See also	Political parties of German Empire Political parties of Weimar Republic

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