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The beginning of jazz in Poland is difficult to determine. As early as the 1930s, clubs inWarsaw,Kraków,Rzeszów orPoznań would play some jazz. This tended to beswing and some of it was influenced by the traditional classical music. American popular music (particularly songs byGeorge Gershwin) was in great demand.[1]Eddie Rosner is considered to be the first Polish jazz musician of significance.
After the Communist takeover, jazz was initially repressed. Although groups likeMelomani existed, jazz was officially condemned and forbidden from the radio.[2] Musicians learned about jazz by listening to ashortwave radio broadcast ofWillis Conover'sVoice of America Jazz Hour or smuggling jazz records from abroad.[3] Soon Polish jazz musicians started organizing concerts and the first official jazz festival took place inSopot in 1956.
After the death of Soviet leaderJoseph Stalin, jazz in Poland gained renewed freedom. In 1958,Dave Brubeck visited Poland and the nation's jazz scene became influenced bycool jazz. By the sixties, three strands had emerged as dominant;trad jazz, "mainstream", andfree jazz.Krzysztof Komeda became the leader of a modern jazz movement that did not copy the American way of playing but developed its own "European" style, especially with his albumAstigmatic[4] recorded in December 1965.
Wojciech Karolak –Hammond organist, keyboardist, pianist (describes himself as "an American jazz and R&B musician, born by mistake in the middle of Europe")
