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Pliophoca

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Extinct genus of carnivores

Pliophoca Temporal range:latePliocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓

Holotype ofPliophoca etrusca
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Phocidae
Genus:	†Pliophoca Tavani, 1941^[1]
Species
P. etruscaTavani 1941 (type)

Pliophoca is an extinctgenus of seal in thefamily Phocidae.

Fossil record

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This genus is known from late Pliocene (Piacenzian) marine deposits in northernItaly. Numerous disassociated monachine remains from the Lee Creek Mine of North Carolina were assigned by Koretsky and Ray (2008), but Berta et al. (2015) rejected the referral and suggested that they may be distinct, which was confirmed by Dewaele et al. (2018), who erectedAuroraphoca for two of the Lee Creek specimens that Koretsky and Ray (2008) assigned toPliophoca.^[2]^[3]

This fossil species of seal, ancestor of theMediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) has been found only in latePliocene (Piacenzian) deposits at Orciano and Volterra inTuscany. It was a species endemic to the Mediterranean Sea.^[4]^[5]

Bibliography

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G. Tavani. 1941.Revisione dei resti del pinnipede conservato nel museo di geologia di Pisa. Palaeontographica Italica 40:97-112
T. A. Demere, A. Berta, and P. J. Adam. 2003.Pinnipedimorph evolutionary biogeography. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 279:32-76
Roberto Lawley. 1875.Pesci ed altri vertebrati fossili del pliocene toscano. Letta all'adunanza della Società Toscana di Scienze Naturali. Pisa, Tipografia Nistri
Roberto Lawley. 1876.Nuovi studi sopra ai pesci ed altri vertebrati fossili delle Colline Toscane. Firenze. Tipografia dell’Arte della Stampa.
R. Ugolini. 1902.Il Monachus albiventer BODD. del pliocene di Orciano. Palaeontographia Italica. Volume VIII. pag. 1-20, tav. I-III [I-III], fig. 1.
R. Ugolini. 1902.Resti di foche fossili italiane. Atti Soc. Tosc. di Sc. Nat. Pisa, Memorie, vol.XIX, 1902, pag.13, con 1 tav. -

References

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^G. Tavani. 1941. Revisione dei resti del pinnipede conservato nel museo di geologia di Pisa.Palaeontographica Italica 40:97-112
^A. Koretsky and C. E. Ray. 2008.Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 14:81-140
^Leonard Dewaele; Carlos Mauricio Peredo; Pjotr Meyvisch; Stephen Louwye (2018). Diversity of late Neogene Monachinae (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the North Atlantic, with the description of two new species. Royal Society Open Science 5 (3): 172437. doi:10.1098/rsos.172437.
^Pliocene Italiano - Pliophoca etrusca
^Annalisa Berta, Sarah Kienlead, Giovanni Bianucci & Silvia SorbiA Reevaluation ofPliophoca etrusca (Pinnipedia, Phocidae) from the Pliocene of Italy: Phylogenetic and Biogeographic ImplicationsJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology - Volume 35, Issue 1, 2015

Genera ofpinnipeds and their stem-allies

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Carnivora
Suborder:Caniformia
Infraorder:Arctoidea

Pan-Pinnipedia

†Amphicynodontidae	Allocyon Amphicticeps Amphicynodon Drassonax Kolponomos Pachycynodon Parictis Wangictis
†Semantoridae	Necromites Potamotherium Puijila Semantor

Pinnipedimorpha

†Enaliarctos

Pinnipediformes

Pinnipedia

Phocidae

†Devinophoca

Monachinae

†Magnotherium
Monachini	†Afrophoca †Auroraphoca †Messiphoca Monachus Neomonachus †Eomonachus †Noriphoca †Palmidophoca †Pliophoca †Pontophoca †Pristiphoca †Terranectes
Miroungini	†Callophoca Mirounga
Lobodontini	†Acrophoca †Australophoca †Hadrokirus †Homiphoca Hydrurga Leptonychotes Lobodon Ommatophoca †Piscophoca †Properiptychus †Virginiaphoca

Phocinae

†Cryptophoca †Frisiphoca †Kawas †Leptophoca †Monachopsis †Monotherium †Phocanella †Prophoca †Sarmatonectes
Erignathini	Erignathus †Platyphoca
Cystophorini	Cystophora †Miophoca †Pachyphoca
Phocini	†Batavipusa †Gryphoca Halichoerus Histriophoca †Nanophoca Pagophilus Phoca †Planopusa †Praepusa Pusa

Otarioidea	see below↓

†Dusignathinae	Dusignathus Gomphotaria
Odobeninae	†Aivukus Odobenus †Ontocetus †Pliopedia †Protodobenus †Valenictus

Panotariidae

†Eotaria

Otariidae

Callorhinae

Callorhinus
†Pithanotaria

Otariinae

†Thalassoleon
Zalophini	Eumetopias †Oriensarctos †Proterozetes Zalophus
Otariini	Arctocephalus Arctophoca †Hydrarctos Neophoca Otaria Phocarctos

Lists
List of pinnipeds List of fossil pinnipedimorphs

Taxon identifiers
Pliophoca	Wikidata:Q3906722 GBIF:4833126 IRMNG:1351808 Open Tree of Life:3613004 Paleobiology Database:71863

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