POU class 1 homeobox 1, also known aspituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 (PIT1), POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1 (POU1F1) and growth hormone factor 1 (GHF1), is atranscription factor forgrowth hormone encoded by the genePOU1F1.[5][6]
PIT1 is part of thePOU family of transcription factors.[7] It is expressed bysomatotrophic cells,[8] as well asthyrotrophs[9] andlactotrophs[10] of the anterior pituitary gland. It contains a C-terminal domain for transactivation.[9] Another domain is DNA binding—its C-terminal portion is homologous to thehomeodomain consensus,[8] common to many genes involved in development, while the other portion is POU specific, affords PIT1 specificity in its transcriptional activation of theprolactin and growth hormone genes and is involved in protein-protein interactions.[9] Activity onthyroid stimulating hormone-beta expression is also known for PIT1.[9]
^O'Neill, Marla J.F. (22 September 2021) [Originally authored by Victor A. McKusick on 13 January 1989]."POU DOMAIN, CLASS 1, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1; POU1F1".Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Retrieved3 January 2024.
^abBodner M, Castrillo JL, Theill LE, Deerinck T, Ellisman M, Karin M (1988). "The pituitary-specific transcription factor GHF-1 is a homeobox-containing protein".Cell.55 (3):505–518.doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90037-2.PMID2902927.S2CID26376487.
^Cohen LE, Wondisford FE, Radovick S (1996). "Role of Pit-1 in the gene expression of growth hormone, prolactin, and thyrotropin".Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America.25 (3):523–540.doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70339-x.PMID8879985.
Parks JS, Brown MR (1999). "Transcription factors regulating pituitary development".Growth Horm. IGF Res. 9 Suppl B:2–8, discussion 8–11.doi:10.1016/S1096-6374(99)80074-4.PMID10549299.
Rodriguez R, Andersen B (2003). "Cellular determination in the anterior pituitary gland: PIT-1 and PROP-1 mutations as causes of human combined pituitary hormone deficiency".Minerva Endocrinol.28 (2):123–33.PMID12717343.
Quentien MH, Barlier A, Franc JL, Pellegrini I, Brue T, Enjalbert A (2006). "Pituitary transcription factors: from congenital deficiencies to gene therapy".J. Neuroendocrinol.18 (9):633–42.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2006.01461.x.PMID16879162.S2CID21835164.
Cattini PA, Yang X, Jin Y, Detillieux KA (2006). "Regulation of the human growth hormone gene family: possible role for Pit-1 in early stages of pituitary-specific expression and repression".Neuroendocrinology.83 (3–4):145–53.doi:10.1159/000095522.PMID17047377.S2CID34757447.
Tatsumi K, Miyai K, Notomi T, Kaibe K, Amino N, Mizuno Y, Kohno H (1993). "Cretinism with combined hormone deficiency caused by a mutation in the PIT1 gene".Nat. Genet.1 (1):56–8.doi:10.1038/ng0492-56.PMID1302000.S2CID36138691.
Tatsumi K, Notomi T, Amino N, Miyai K (1992). "Nucleotide sequence of the complementary DNA for human Pit-1/GHF-1".Biochim. Biophys. Acta.1129 (2):231–4.doi:10.1016/0167-4781(92)90494-k.PMID1370379.
Ohta K, Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Fujimoto S, Matsuo N, Inagaki H, Endo F, Matsuda I (1993). "Mutations in the Pit-1 gene in children with combined pituitary hormone deficiency".Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.189 (2):851–5.doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)92281-2.PMID1472057.
Ohta K, Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Ohta T, Tohma T, Jinno Y, Endo F, Matsuda I (1993). "Characterization of the gene encoding human pituitary-specific transcription factor, Pit-1".Gene.122 (2):387–8.doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90234-G.PMID1487156.
Pfäffle RW, DiMattia GE, Parks JS, Brown MR, Wit JM, Jansen M, Van der Nat H, Van den Brande JL, Rosenfeld MG, Ingraham HA (1992). "Mutation of the POU-specific domain of Pit-1 and hypopituitarism without pituitary hypoplasia".Science.257 (5073):1118–21.Bibcode:1992Sci...257.1118P.doi:10.1126/science.257.5073.1118.PMID1509263.S2CID32400112.
de Zegher F, Pernasetti F, Vanhole C, Devlieger H, Van den Berghe G, Martial JA (1995). "The prenatal role of thyroid hormone evidenced by fetomaternal Pit-1 deficiency".J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.80 (11):3127–30.doi:10.1210/jcem.80.11.7593413.PMID7593413.
Bamberger AM, Bamberger CM, Pu LP, Puy LA, Loh YP, Asa SL (1995). "Expression of pit-1 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in the human placenta".J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.80 (7):2021–6.doi:10.1210/jcem.80.7.7608249.PMID7608249.
Delhase M, Vila V, Hooghe-Peters EL, Castrillo JL (1995). "A novel pituitary transcription factor is produced by alternative splicing of the human GHF-1/PIT-1 gene".Gene.155 (2):273–5.doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)00757-J.PMID7721104.
Okamoto N, Wada Y, Ida S, Koga R, Ozono K, Chiyo H, Hayashi A, Tatsumi K (1995). "Monoallelic expression of normal mRNA in the PIT1 mutation heterozygotes with normal phenotype and biallelic expression in the abnormal phenotype".Hum. Mol. Genet.3 (9):1565–8.doi:10.1093/hmg/3.9.1565.PMID7833912.
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