In contrast with their status as a perennial losing franchise in the pre-merger NFL, where they were the oldest team never to have won a league championship, the Steelers of the post-merger (modern) era are among the most successful NFL franchises, especially during their dynasty in the 1970s.[8][9][10] The team is tied with theNew England Patriots for the mostSuper Bowl titles at six, and they have both played in (16 times) and hosted (11 times) more conference championship games than any other team in the NFL. The Steelers have also won eightAFC championships, tied with theDenver Broncos, but behind the Patriots' record 11 AFC championships. The team is tied with the Broncos,Dallas Cowboys, andSan Francisco 49ers for the second-most Super Bowl appearances with eight.
The Steelers, whose history may be traced to aregional pro team that was established in the early 1920s, joined the NFL as thePittsburgh Pirates on July 8, 1933. The team was owned byArt Rooney and took its original name from thebaseball team of the same name, as was common practice for NFL teams at the time.[7] To distinguish them from the baseball team, local media took to calling the football team theRooneymen, an unofficial nickname that persisted for decades after the team had adopted its current nickname. The ownership of the Steelers has remained within the Rooney family since the organization's founding.[11] Art Rooney's son,Dan Rooney, owned the team from 1988 until his death in 2017. Much control of the franchise has been given to Dan Rooney's son,Art Rooney II.
The Steelers first took to the field as thePittsburgh Pirates on September 20, 1933, losing 23–2 to theNew York Giants.[7] Through the 1930s, the Pirates never finished higher than second place in their division, or with a record better than .500 (1936).[13] Pittsburgh did make history in1938 by signingByron White, a futureJustice of theU.S. Supreme Court, to what was at the time the biggest contract in NFL history, but he played only one year with the Pirates before signing with theDetroit Lions.[7][14] Prior to the 1940 season, the Pirates renamed themselves the Steelers.[15]
During World War II, the Steelers experienced player shortages. They twice merged with other NFL franchises to field a team. During the1943 season, they merged with thePhiladelphia Eagles forming the "Phil-Pitt Eagles" and were known as the "Steagles". This team went 5–4–1.[16] In1944, they merged with theChicago Cardinals and were known as Card-Pitt (or, mockingly, as the "Carpets").[7] This team finished 0–10, marking the only winless team in franchise history.[17]
TheSteelers made the playoffs for the first time in1947, tying for first place in the division at 8–4 with thePhiladelphia Eagles. This forced atie-breaking playoff game atForbes Field, which the Steelers lost 21–0.[18] That would be Pittsburgh's only playoff game in the pre-merger era; they did qualify for a "Playoff Bowl" in 1962 as the second-best team in their conference, but this was not considered an official playoff.[19]
In1970, the year they moved intoThree Rivers Stadium and the year of theAFL–NFL merger, the Pittsburgh Steelers were one of three old-guard NFL teams to switch to the newly formedAmerican Football Conference (the others being theCleveland Browns and theBaltimore Colts), in order to equalize the number of teams in the two conferences of the newly merged league.[20] The Steelers also received a $3 million ($24.3 million today) relocation fee, which was a windfall for them; for years they rarely had enough to build a true contending team.[21]
The Steelers' history of bad luck changed with the hiring of coachChuck Noll from the NFL champion Baltimore Colts for the1969 season.[22] Noll's most remarkable talent was in his draft selections, taking Hall of Famers"Mean" Joe Greene in1969,Terry Bradshaw andMel Blount in1970,Jack Ham in1971,Franco Harris in1972,[23] and finally, in 1974, pulling off the incredible feat of selecting four Hall of Famers in one draft year,Lynn Swann,Jack Lambert,John Stallworth, andMike Webster.[24] The Pittsburgh Steelers'1974 draft was their best ever; no other team has ever drafted four future Hall of Famers in one year, and only very few (including the 1970 Steelers) have drafted two or more in one year.[25]
The players drafted in the early 1970s formed the base of an NFL dynasty, making the playoffs in eight seasons and becoming the only team in NFL history to win fourSuper Bowls in six years, as well as the first to win more than two.[26] They also enjoyed a regular-season streak of 49 consecutive wins (1971–1979) against teams that would finish with a losing record that year.
TheSteelers suffered a rash of injuries in the1980 season and missed the playoffs with a 9–7 record.[27] The1981 season was no better, with an 8–8 showing.[28] The team was then hit with the retirements of all their key players from the Super Bowl years. "Mean" Joe Greene retired after the1981 season, Lynn Swann and Jack Ham after1982's playoff berth, Terry Bradshaw and Mel Blount after1983's divisional championship, and Jack Lambert after1984's AFC Championship Game appearance.[29]
After those retirements, the franchise skidded to its first losing seasons since 1971. Though still competitive, the Steelers would not finish above .500 in1985,1986, and1988. In1987, the year of theplayers' strike, theSteelers finished with a record of 8–7, but missed the playoffs.[30] In1989, they would reach the second round of the playoffs on the strength ofMerrill Hoge andRod Woodson before narrowly missing the playoffs in each of the next two seasons, Noll's last seasons.[31]
Noll's career record with Pittsburgh was 209–156–1.[32]
Cowher led the Steelers to the playoffs in each of his first six seasons, a feat that had been accomplished only by legendary coachPaul Brown of theCleveland Browns. In those first six seasons, Cowher coached them as deep as theAFC Championship Game three times and following the1995 season an appearance inSuper Bowl XXX on the strength of the "Blitzburgh" defense. However, the Steelers lost to theDallas Cowboys in Super Bowl XXX, two weeks after a thrillingAFC Championship victory over theIndianapolis Colts.[34][35] Cowher produced the franchise's record-tying fifth Super Bowl win inSuper Bowl XL over theNFC championSeattle Seahawks ten years later.[36] With that victory, the Steelers became the third team to win five Super Bowls, and the first sixth-seeded playoff team to reach and win the Super Bowl since the NFL expanded to a 12-team post-season tournament in 1990. He coached through the 2006 season which ended with an 8–8 record, just short of the playoffs. Overall Cowher's teams reached the playoffs 10 of 15 seasons with six AFC Championship Games, two Super Bowl berths and a championship.
Cowher's career record with Pittsburgh was 149–90–1 in the regular season and 161–99–1 overall, including playoff games.[37]
Mike Tomlin years (2007–present)
Roethlisberger in a Steelers' throwback jersey during the team's 500th win in franchise history
On January 7, 2007, Cowher resigned from coaching the Steelers, citing a need to spend more time with his family. He did not use the term "retire", leaving open a possible return to the NFL as coach of another team.[38] A three-man committee consisting of Art Rooney II, Dan Rooney, and Kevin Colbert was set up to conduct interviews for the head coaching vacancy.[39] On January 22, 2007,Minnesota Vikings defensive coordinatorMike Tomlin was announced as Cowher's successor as head coach.[40] Tomlin is the first African-American to be named head coach of the team in its 75-year history.[41] In his first season, he led the Steelers to a 10–6 record and AFC North title.[42] The team fell to the Jacksonville Jaguars 31–29 in the Wild Card Round to end the season.[43] The following year, he led the Steelers to a 12–4 mark and a division title.[44] With wins over the San Diego Chargers in the Divisional Round and the Baltimore Ravens in the AFC Championship,[45][46] Tomlin became the third consecutive Steelers Head Coach to go to the Super Bowl, equaling the Dallas Cowboys (Tom Landry, Jimmy Johnson and Barry Switzer) in this achievement. On February 1, 2009, Tomlin led the Steelers to their second Super Bowl of this decade, and went on to win 27–23 against theArizona Cardinals.[47] At age 36, he was the youngest head coach to ever win the Super Bowl, and he is only the second African-American coach to ever win the Super Bowl (Tony Dungy was the first).[48] In their title defense, the Steelers went 9–7 and missed the postseason in the 2009 season.[49] In the 2010 season, Tomlin led the team to a 12–4 record and an AFC North title.[50] The team defeated the Baltimore Ravens in the Divisional Round and the New York Jets in the AFC Championship.[51][52] Tomlin became the only coach to reach the Super Bowl twice before the age of 40 as he took the team toSuper Bowl XLV on February 6, 2011. However, the Steelers were defeated by theGreen Bay Packers, 31–25.[53]
In the 2011 season, the Steelers made the postseason with a 12–4 record. They lost in overtime to the Denver Broncos in the Wild Card Round.[54] The Steelers recorded their 400th victory in Week 8 of the 2012 season after defeating theWashington Redskins.[55] Overall, the Steelers went 8–8 and missed the postseason in 2012.[56] In the 2013 season, the Steelers went 8–8 and missed the postseason.[57] In the 2014 season, the Steelers won the AFC North with a 11–5 record.[58] They lost 30–17 to the Baltimore Ravens in the Wild Card Round.[59] The Steelers finished with a 10–6 record and made the playoffs in the 2015 season.[60] They defeated the Cincinnati Bengals in the Wild Card Round and lost to the Denver Broncos in the Divisional Round.[61][62] In the 2016 season, the Steelers won the AFC North with a 11–5 record.[63] They defeated the Miami Dolphins in the Wild Card Round and the Kansas City Chiefs in the Divisional Round before falling to the New England Patriots in the AFC Championship.[64][65][66] In the 2017 season, the Steelers won the AFC North with a 13–3 mark.[67] Their postseason was short lived with a 45–42 loss to the Jacksonville Jaguars.[68] Despite a 9–6–1 record in the 2018 season, the Steelers missed the playoffs.[69] The Steelers went 8–8 and missed the postseason in the 2019 season.[70] The 2020 season saw the Steelers have franchise-best 11–0 start.[71] However, the team faded at the end of the season to finish 12–4.[72] The team lost in the Wild Card Round to the Cleveland Browns 48–37.[73] The 2021 season saw the team go 9–7–1 and make the postseason.[74] The Steelers lost 42–21 to the Kansas City Chiefs in the Wild Card Round.[75] Longtime quarterback Ben Roethlisberger retired following the 2021 season.[76]
Through the end of the 2021 season, Tomlin's record is 162–94–2 (.632), including playoffs. He is the first Pittsburgh coach to never post a losing season. The 2013–17 seasons were noted for record performances from the "Killer B's". This trio consisted ofAntonio Brown,Ben Roethlisberger andLe'Veon Bell.[77] Occasionally, the "Killer B's" has also included kickerChris Boswell due to his ability to hit game-winning field goals.[78]
Prior to the 2022 season, the team drafted Pitt quarterback Kenny Pickett with their first round pick in the 2022 NFL draft.[79] Pickett started 12 games as the Steelers went 9–8 and missed the postseason in the 2022 season.[80] In the 2023 season, the team finished 10–7 and third in the AFC North.[81] They made the playoffs and were defeated by the Buffalo Bills in the Wild Card Round 31–17.[82] Prior to the 2024 season, the Steelers traded Pickett to the Philadelphia Eagles.[83] The team traded for Justin Fields from the Chicago Bears and signed Russell Wilson, who was released from the Denver Broncos.[84][85]
Summary
Since the NFL merger in 1970, the Pittsburgh Steelers have compiled a regular-season record of 444–282–2 (.635) and an overall record of 480–305–2 (.635) including the playoffs, reached the playoffs 30 times, won their division 22 times, played in 16 AFC championship games, and won six of eight Super Bowls. They are also the only NFL team not to have a season with 12 or more losses since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule in 1978.[86]
Since 2008, theRooney family has brought in several investors for the team while retaining control of the team itself. This came about so that the team could comply with NFL ownership regulations.[87]Dan Rooney, and his son,Art Rooney II, president of the franchise, wanted to stay involved with the franchise, while two of the brothers – Timothy and Patrick – wanted to further pursueracetracks that they own in Florida and New York.[88] Since 2006, many of the racetracks have addedvideo slot machines, causing them to violate "NFL policy that prohibits involvement with racetrack and gambling interests".[89]
Upon Dan Rooney's death in 2017, he and Art Rooney II retained control of the team with the league-minimum 30%, the following made up the other investors at the time:
Several other members of the Rooney family, includingArt Rooney Jr., John Rooney, and the McGinley family, who are cousins to the Rooneys.
Through the end of the2023 season, the Steelers have an all-time record of 707–606–22, including playoffs. In recent seasons the Steelers have generally performed well, qualifying for the playoffs six times in the past ten seasons, while winning their division four times.[95]
In the NFL's "modern era" (since the AFL–NFL merger in 1970) the Steelers have posted the best record in the league. The franchise has won the most regular-season games, the most playoff games (33 playoff wins; the Dallas Cowboys are second with 32), won the most divisional titles (20), has played in the most conference championship games (15), hosted the most conference championship games (11), and is tied with the Dallas Cowboys, the Denver Broncos and the New England Patriots for the most Super Bowl appearances (8).[96] The Steelers have the best winning percentage (including every expansion team), earned the most All-Pro nominations, and have accumulated the most Super Bowl wins (6) since the modern game started in 1970. In 2017, they became the first team to reach 450 victories in the regular season since the 1970 merger.[97][98] The Steelers are 36–26 (.580) in the postseason, with all but one (the 1947 playoff) having been played since the merger.[99]
Civil rights advocacy
The franchise, along with the Rooney family have for generations been strong advocates for equality of opportunity for both minorities and women. Among these achievements of the Steelers was the first to hire an African-American assistant coach (September 29, 1957, withLowell Perry), the first to start an African-American quarterback (December 3, 1973, withJoe Gilliam),[a] the first team to boast of an African-American Super Bowl MVP (January 12, 1975, withFranco Harris), the first to hire an African-American Coordinator (September 2, 1984, withTony Dungy), the first owner to push for passage of an "equal opportunity" mandating that at least one minority candidate is given an interview in all head coach hiring decisions throughout the league (the Rooney Rule in the early 2000s), and the first to hire a female as full-time athletic trainer (Ariko Iso on July 24, 2002).[100]
The Steelers were a part of the NFL Eastern Division from 1933 to 1943 and were briefly in the Western Division in 1944, before returning to the Eastern Division until 1949. The team was then in the American Conference from 1950 to 1952, and the Eastern Conference from 1953 to 1966. They were then placed in the Century Division of the Eastern Conference in 1967. When the league reformed into the NFC and AFC in 1970, the Steelers were placed in the AFC Central until 2001 when they were realigned into the AFC North Division.
A US Airways A319 featuring the colors and logo of the Pittsburgh Steelers. This Airbus A319 has since been repainted into American Airlines colors afterthe merger.
The Steelers have used black and gold as their colors since the club's inception, the lone exception being the 1943 season when they merged with thePhiladelphia Eagles and formed the "Steagles"; the team's colors at that time were green and white as a result of wearing Eagles uniforms. Originally, the team wore solid gold-colored helmets and black jerseys. The Steelers' black and gold colors are now shared by all major professional teams in the city, including thePittsburgh Pirates in baseball and thePittsburgh Penguins in ice hockey. The shade of gold differs slightly among teams: the Penguins have previously used "Vegas Gold", a color similar to metallic gold, and the Pirates' gold is a darker mustard yellow-gold, while the Steelers "gold" is more of a bright canary yellow. Black and gold are also the colors of thecity's official flag.
The Steelers logo was introduced in 1962 and is based on the "Steelmark", originally designed by Pittsburgh'sU.S. Steel and now owned by theAmerican Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). In fact, it wasCleveland-basedRepublic Steel that suggested the Steelers adopt the industry logo. It consists of the word "Steelers" surrounded by threeastroids (hypocycloids of fourcusps). The original meanings behind the astroids were, "Steel lightens your work, brightens your leisure, and widens your world." Later, the colors came to represent the ingredients used in the steel-making process: yellow for coal, red for iron ore, and blue for scrap steel.[101] While the formal Steelmark logo contains only the word "Steel", the team was given permission to add "ers" in 1963 after a petition to AISI.
The Steelers are the only NFL team that puts its logo on only one side of the helmet (the right side). Longtime field and equipment manager Jack Hart was instructed to do this by Art Rooney as a test to see how the logo appeared on the gold helmets; however, its popularity led the team to leave it that way permanently.[102] A year after introducing the logo, they switched to black helmets to make it stand out more.
The Steelers, along with theNew York Giants, are one of only two teams in theNational Football League to have the players' uniform numbers on both the front and back of the helmets.
The current uniform designs were introduced in1968. The design consists of gold pants and either black jerseys or white jerseys, except for the1970 and1971 seasons when the Steelers wore white pants with their white jerseys. In1997, the team switched to rounded numbers on the jersey to match the number font (Futura Condensed) on the helmets, and a Steelers logo was added to the left side of the jersey.
The 2007–2011 third uniform, consisting of a black jersey with gold lettering, white pants with black and gold stripes, and a gold helmet were first used during the Steelers' 75th anniversary season in2007. They were meant to evoke the memory of the1963–1964 era uniforms. The uniforms were so popular among fans that the Steelers' organization decided to keep them and use them as a third option during home games only.
In 2012, the Steelers introduced a new third uniform, consisting of a yellow jersey with black horizontal lines (making a bumble bee like pattern) with black lettering and black numbers placed inside a white box, to represent the jerseys worn by the Steelers in their1934 season. The rest of the uniform consists of beige pants, yellow with black horizontal striped socks, and the Steelers regular black helmet. The uniforms were used for the Steelers' 80th anniversary season. Much like the previous alternate these jerseys were so popular that they were used up through the 2016 season. The jerseys were nicknamed the "bumblebee jerseys" due to looking like the pattern of a bumblebee. The jerseys were retired after the 2016 season.[103]
Also in 2016, the Steelers introduced its alternate blackColor Rush uniforms. These were based on the uniforms they wore from 1946 to 1965, but with black pants in place of either gold or white pants.
In 2018, the Steelers unveiled a third uniform based on those worn from 1968 to 1997, coinciding with the Steel Curtain teams of the 1970s. It is similar to the current uniforms but without the Steelers logo on the left chest and use block lettering and numbers in place of Futura Condensed.[104]
In 1979, the team owners were approached by then-Iowa Hawkeyes Head CoachHayden Fry about designing his fading college team's uniforms in the image of the Steelers.[105] Three days later, the owners sent Fry the reproduction jerseys (home and away versions) of then quarterbackTerry Bradshaw. Today, the Hawkeyes still retain the 1979 Steelers uniforms as their home, and away colors.
The Steelers andCleveland Browns have been divisional rivals since the two cities' teams began playing against each other in 1950. After posting a 9–31 record in the first 40 games of the series between the two cities, the Steelers have gone 66–27–1 (including 42–6 in games played in Pittsburgh) since 1970 and currently lead the series 75–58–1;[109] The Steelers have particularly dominated the Browns since their return to the NFL in 1999 and won twelve straight meetings between 2003 and 2009. Additionally, the Browns posted losing streaks of 16 (1970–85) and 15 (2004–present) games in Pittsburgh. Former Steelers head coachBill Cowher coached the Browns special teams and secondary before followingMarty Schottenheimer for a brief tenure asKansas City Chiefs defensive coordinator and then hired by Pittsburgh. This has only intensified the rivalry. The teams have met three times in the postseason (1994, 2002, and 2021) with the Steelers winning the first two meetings, but losing the most recent in 2021.[110][111]
Pittsburgh's rivalry with theBaltimore Ravens has had several memorable matchups and has escalated into a fierce divisional rivalry. Both teams handed the other their first losses at their current home stadiums. The Steelers won the inaugural game played atBaltimore'sM&T Bank Stadium in1998, 20–13, and three years later theRavens handed the Steelers their first-ever loss atHeinz Field, 13–10. Later that season (2001) Pittsburgh won adivisional playoff game 27–10 against Baltimore, who was thedefending Super Bowl champion. During their NFL championship season in2000, the Ravens defeated the Steelersin Pittsburgh, 16–0, in the season opener with the Steelers later exacting revenge, 9–6, in Baltimore (the Ravens' final loss of the season). During the Steelers 2008 Championship run, they beat the Ravens three times, including a win in the AFC Championship game. The two teams complement each other by consistently fielding strong defenses. The Steelers lead the all-time series (including playoffs), 32–24.[112] The teams have met four times in the postseason, with the Steelers owning a 3–1 record.[113]
The Steelers' rivalry with theCincinnati Bengals dates from the1970 season, when theAFL–NFL merger was completed. In1976, the Steelers kept their playoff hopes alive (they later won the division) with a late-season 7–3 win in snowy Cincinnati. One of the most memorable games was the2005 AFC Wildcard playoff game, in which the Steelers, en route to aSuper Bowl title, won a 31–17 come-from-behind victory afterBengals quarterbackCarson Palmer was forced to leave the game with a knee injury. The injury happened when nose tackleKimo von Oelhoffen contacted Palmer's knee during a passing play.[114] The Bengals players called this a dirty play; the NFL ruled that it was accidental and did not fine von Oelhoffen for the hit. The incident led to an intensifying of the rivalry. The Bengals beat the Steelers in Week 13 of the2005 season 38–31, and wide receiverT. J. Houshmandzadeh used aTerrible Towel to polish his cleats while walking up the tunnel after the game, fueling the rivalry. The Steelers and Bengals finished2005 and2006 with identical records (11–5 and 8–8 respectively), splitting both regular-season series, the Bengals winning the tiebreaker both years due to having a superior division record. The Steelers also are responsible for ending the Bengals' season in Cincinnati two years in a row, eliminating them from the playoffs in2005 and taking them out of contention in2006. The rivalry has become more intense again since the2015 season. A central figure is Bengals linebackerVontaze Burfict, often inflicting brutal hits, resulting in serious injuries to several Steelers on multiple occasions. In the 2015 Wild Card playoff game in Cincinnati, Burfict was the culprit of a late penalty directly responsible for an extremely unlikely 18–16 Steelers comeback victory.[61] The Steelers lead the all-time series, 63–35.[115] The teams have met twice in the postseason, with the Steelers winning both times.[116]
TheNew England Patriots emerged as a prominent rival in league circles when the Patriots upset the Steelers in the 2001AFC Championship Game atHeinz Field, though the two teams had met in the postseason twice before; the Patriots defeated the Steelers in1996 28–3 while the Steelers won 7–6 in1997; both times, the Patriots fielded players with Pittsburgh-area roots inTy Law andCurtis Martin. Martin's final game with the Patriots was in the 1997 playoffs before he departed to the rivalNew York Jets. Following the 2001 AFC title upset, the Patriots defeated the Steelers 30–14 at the start of the 2002 season. Pittsburgh did not exact revenge for the two losses until ending the Patriots' record-setting 21-game winning streak in week 6 of the2004 NFL season. Later that season, the Steelers lost to the eventual Super Bowl champion Patriots in the AFC Championship game after a 15–1 regular season.
The Patriots won six of seven meetings over a ten-year period (1998–2007) before the Steelers broke through with a 33–10 victory atFoxborough in2008, afterMatt Cassel turned the ball over five times. The Patriots in2013 then made history by becoming the first opponent to score 55 points on the Steelers, winning 55–31. The Patriots won again in 2015 (28–21) and 2016's regular season (27–16) and then won 36–17 in the 2016AFC Championship Game. They also won in 2017 when a go-ahead touchdown reception by Steelers' tight endJesse James was controversially called back.[117] Though they ultimately missed the playoffs, the Steelers defeated the Patriots by a score of 17–10 on December 16, 2018, in Pittsburgh.
In the postseason, the Patriots have outscored the Steelers 135–75, with the Patriots maintaining a 4–1 record. The only other franchises with winning AFC playoff records against Steelers include theLos Angeles Chargers (2–1), theJacksonville Jaguars (2–0), and the Denver Broncos (5–3). The Steelers have an all-time regular-season record of 16–15 against the Patriots.[118] In their last matchup, on September 21, 2025, the Steelers beat the Patriots 21–14. In theBill Belichick era, the main period of the rivalry, the Patriots had a 12–4 record against the Steelers.
The Steelers have a rivalry with theTennessee Titans, formerly theHouston/Tennessee Oilers. The Oilers were aligned into theAFC Central with the Steelers in 1970 and were division rivals for 32 seasons. The Steelers dominated the rivalry during the Houston era and defeated the Oilers in all three of their playoff matchups. However, since the franchise moved to Tennessee in 1997, the rivalry shifted, with the Titans winning 13 of 22 meetings (including a bitter 34–31 playoff showdown in2002); the Titans won seven in a row in the 1997–2001 period, the longest win streak by either team in the series. The Steelers have won 47 of 79 career meetings following their 27–24 win atNissan Stadium in 2020.[119]
TheDenver Broncos in 2011 broke a tie with theOakland Raiders for the most playoff meetings versus the Steelers and added yet another meeting in 2015 (the Broncos have met Pittsburgh eight times to Oakland's six). The Steelers' rivalry with the Broncos dates from1970, but the first notable contest came in1973, when Denver dealt Pittsburgh its first regular-season defeat atThree Rivers Stadium, 23–13. The following year, they met in the NFL's first regular-season overtime game, which ended in a 35–35 tie. Denver's first playoff game had them hosting the Steelers in the 1977 divisional round; the Broncos won 34–21. The following year, the Steelers hosted and defeated Denver 33–10 in the divisional round. Their next playoff matchup was the 1984 divisional round inMile High Stadium; the Steelers pulled the upset 24–17. They nearly pulled the upset again 5 years later in Denver, but the Broncos prevailed in the divisional playoff, 24–23.
In 1997, the two teams met inPittsburgh for theAFC Championship Game, where Denver squeaked out at 24–21 win.[120] Eight years later, the Steelers advanced toSuper Bowl XL by beating Denver 34–17 in Colorado. In 2011, after appearing inSuper Bowl XLV, the Steelers had their campaign to repeat asAFC Champions dashed in Denver after a stunning overtime upset by theTim Tebow-led Broncos in January 2012, in what would become known as the "316 game". The following September the Steelers were defeated in Denver 31–19 inPeyton Manning'sdebut as Broncos quarterback. The two clubs met twice in2015, as the Steelers defeated the Broncos in the regular season but fell in the Divisional Round of the AFC playoffs; through the 2021 season, Denver leads the series 20–13–1, including 5–3 in the playoffs.[121] Neither team has beaten the other more than three times in a row. In their last matchup, the Steelers beat the Broncos on October 10, 2021, in Pittsburgh by the score of 27–19.
The Steelers have a rivalry with theLas Vegas Raiders, formerly theOakland/Los Angeles Raiders. Games between the Steelers and the Raiders were some of the most heated battles of the 1970s and early to mid-1980s. The Steelers' first playoff victory in franchise history came against the Raiders, which occurred on December 23, 1972, in a 13–7 victory over the Raiders; the victory occurred whenTerry Bradshaw threw a pass intended forJohn Fuqua that was deflected into the hands ofFranco Harris, who scooped the ball from nearly hitting the ground and carried the ball in for a touchdown, which was later referred to as theImmaculate Reception, while attracting controversy from Raiders players and coaches, who alleged that the ball had bounced off Fuqua, which would have made it an illegal play per the rules of the time.[122] The victory sent Pittsburgh to their first-ever AFC Championship Game. The following year, the two teams met in the Divisional Round again, and the Raiders responded with a 33–14 victory to advance to the AFC title game. However, Pittsburgh fired back with two straight AFC Championship victories over the Raiders in1974 (24–13) and1975 (16–10) to reach theSuper Bowl. The Raiders responded with a victory over Pittsburgh in the1976 AFC Championship game 24–7 (the third consecutive AFC title game between the two teams), but not beforeChuck Noll referred to RaiderGeorge Atkinson as part of the NFL's "criminal element" after his alleged cheap-shot onLynn Swann during a regular-season matchup. Atkinson and the Raiders later filed adefamation of characterlawsuit against Noll, but lost. Following the 1983 regular season, the Los Angeles Raiders defeated the Steelers 38–10 in the AFC Divisional round, which turned out to be the last NFL game for Steeler Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterbackTerry Bradshaw, who did not play due to injury.
While the rivalry has dissipated over the years (mostly due to the Raiders decline after2002), the teams have had notable games against each other, including an upset Steelers victory towards the end of the2000 season to prevent the Raiders from obtaining homefield advantage in the playoffs, and an upset Raiders victory in week 8 of the2006 NFL season (20–13), which helped cost the Steelers a playoff berth. In Week 13 of the 2009 season, another Raiders upset victory happened; the game lead changed five times on five touchdowns in the fourth quarter until Raiders QBBruce Gradkowski's third touchdown of the quarter won it with nine seconds to go. The 27–24 loss cost the Steelers another playoff run. The teams met atPittsburgh in2010, where the Steelers blew out the Raiders 35–3, and ended their 3-game winning streak; the game was further notable for a punch thrown byRichard Seymour of the Raiders against Steelers quarterbackBen Roethlisberger. The Raiders then hosted the Steelers in2012 and erased a 31–21 gap to win 34–31. The two clubs met again in2013 and the Raiders won again, 21–18. In 2015, the Steelers defeated the Raiders 38–35 at Heinz Field.
On December 9, 2018, in Oakland, the Raiders defeated the Steelers 24–21, which, ironically, would cost Pittsburgh another playoff berth.[123] The Raiders won at Pittsburgh on September 19, 2021, 26–17, then fell onChristmas Eve 2022 at Pittsburgh 13–10 on a last-minute touchdown by rookie Steelers quarterbackKenny Pickett. A lifeless performance in a 23–18 loss at Vegas on September 23, 2023, contributed to the later firing of Raiders coachJosh McDaniels and GMDave Ziegler. As of the 2024 season, the Raiders lead the all-time series 17–16.[124]
The Steelers once took part in a historic rivalry with theDallas Cowboys[125] started with the Cowboys' first game as a franchise in1960 (against the Steelers) at theCotton Bowl with the Steelers coming away with a 35–28 victory. These teams hold a record for the most times (three) that two teams have met in aSuper Bowl. The first two times the favored Steelers and Cowboys met came with Pittsburgh victories in the Orange BowlSuper Bowl X 21–17 andSuper Bowl XIII 35–31. The Cowboys never won a regular-season game in the Orange Bowl and lost three Super Bowl games (once to the Baltimore Colts and twice to the Steelers). Between the Cowboys and Steelers, Super Bowl XIII had the greatest number of future Pro Football Hall of Fame players participating, which as of 2021 numbered 25 – 16 players and nine coaches/front office, includingErnie Stautner,defensive coordinator for the Cowboys who was a HoFdefensive tackle for the Steelers. The teams featured an all-star matchup at quarterback between the Steelers'Terry Bradshaw and the Cowboys'Roger Staubach, both of whom are in theHall of Fame. In1977, Staubach and the Cowboys wonSuper Bowl XII, their second and last loss of their season being inflicted by Bradshaw and the Steelers, 28–13 at Three Rivers Stadium in November. In1979, Staubach's final season, the two defending conference champs met again at Three Rivers, the Steelers winning 14–3 en route to winning theirfourth Super Bowl title. The Steelers won six of eight meetings during the 1970s and 80s, before the Cowboys won all four meetings during the 1990s, including the teams' record third Super Bowl meeting in1996, as this time the heavily favored Cowboys beat the Steelers 27–17. Dallas cornerbackLarry Brown intercepted Pittsburgh quarterbackNeil O'Donnell twice and was named the game's MVP. The teams' first two meetings of the 21st century (2004 and2008) were won by the Steelers, including a come from behind victory on December 7, 2008, in Pittsburgh, when the Steelers drove the length of the field to tie the game 13–13, thencornerbackDeshea Townsend returned an intercepted pass fromTony Romo for the game's final score, Steelers 20, Cowboys 13. The Cowboys won on December 16, 2012, at Cowboys Stadium by a 27–24 margin in overtime and won 35–30 atHeinz Field on November 13, 2016. The all-time series is led by the Dallas Cowboys, 17–16.[126] The Pittsburgh/Dallas rivalry served as a backdrop to the 1977 filmBlack Sunday, parts of which were filmed during Super Bowl X. Most recently, the Steelers beat the Cowboys by a 24–19 margin.
ThePhiladelphia Eagles and Steelers are both located inPennsylvania and began play in 1933. From that season through 1966, this was a major rivalry for both teams, as both were part of the same division. In 1967, they were placed in separate divisions, but remained in the same conference for three years. In 1970 the Steelers (along with theCleveland Browns andBaltimore Colts) moved to theAmerican Football Conference, while the Eagles stayed with the rest of the old-line NFL teams in theNational Football Conference. As a result, the Eagles and Steelers no longer played each other every year; instead, they are scheduled to meet once every four years in the regular season. The most recent meeting was in 2024 at Lincoln Financial Field, a game in which the Eagles won 27–13. The Steelers have lost 11 straight games on the road against the Eagles dating back to 1966, which was also the start of theSuper Bowl era. The Eagles lead the all-time series 50–29–3.[127]
Culture
Mascot
Steely McBeam signing autographs for fans at Steelers training camp on August 2, 2007
Prior to the2007 season, the Steelers introduced Steely McBeam as their official mascot.[128] As part of the 75th anniversary celebrations of the team, his name was selected from a pool of 70,000 suggestions submitted by fans of the team.[128] Diane Roles ofMiddlesex Township, submitted the winning name which was "meant to represent steel for Pittsburgh's industrial heritage, "Mc" for the Rooney family's Irish roots, and Beam for the steel beams produced in Pittsburgh, as well as forJim Beam, her husband's favorite alcoholic beverage."[129] Steely McBeam is visible at all home games and participates in the team's charitable programs and other club-sponsored events.[128] Steely's autograph is known to be drawn with an oversizedS, and theL is drawn to look like a beam of steel.[128]
The Steelers have a tradition of having a large fanbase, which has spread from Pittsburgh. In August 2008,ESPN.com ranked the Steelers' fans as the best in the NFL, citing their "unbelievable" sellout streak of 299 consecutive games.[12][130] The team gained a large fan base nationally based on its success in the 1970s, but many consider the collapse of the city's steel industry at the end of the 1970s dynasty into the 1980s (and the resultingdiaspora) to be a large catalyst for the size of the fan base in other cities.[131] The Steelers have sold out every home game since the1972 season.[132]
The Pittsburgh Steelers have numerous unofficial fan clubs in many cities throughout the country, that typically meet in bars or taverns on game days. This phenomenon is known to occur for other NFL teams as well, but "Steeler bars" are more visible than most, including representative establishments even in cities that field their own NFL teams.
Sailors and Marines aboard the USSEssex react as the Pittsburgh Steelers score against the Arizona Cardinals.
The Steelers have no official fight song, but many fan versions of "Steelers Polka" (a parody of "Pennsylvania Polka") by ethnic singer Jimmy Pol, both originating in the 1970s, have been recorded. Since 1994, the song "Here We Go" by local singer Roger Wood has been popular among fans.[134] Since 2002, the 1979Styx song "Renegade" is played near the end of the third quarter or the start of the fourth quarter at the start of a defensive stand to rally the crowd, featuring a compilation of recent Steelers defensive highlights. Another song from hometown rapperWiz Khalifa, "Black and Yellow", which is an ode to growing up in Pittsburgh, is also a standard part of the Steelers home game experience.[135]
The Steelers were the first NFL team to have acheerleading squad. Known as the Steelerettes, their run lasted only from 1961 to 1969.[136]
Basketball
During the offseason, the Steelers have long participated in charitybasketball games throughoutWestern Pennsylvania and neighboring areas. The games usually feature six active players as well as theirplayer-coach playing against a group of local civic leaders.[137] The players, whose participants aren't announced until the day of the game, sign free autographs for fans during halftime.[138]
In 2001, the Steelers moved intoHeinz Field.[139] The franchise dating back to 1933 has had several homes.[140] For 31 seasons, the Steelers sharedForbes Field with thePittsburgh Pirates from 1933 to 1963. In 1958, though they started splitting their home games atPitt Stadium three blocks away at theUniversity of Pittsburgh. From 1964 to 1969, the Steelers played exclusively at the on-campus facility before moving with the Pirates toThree Rivers Stadium on the city'sNorthside. The team moved to what was then known as Heinz Field in 2001. In February 2022, after Heinz declined to sign a new deal after naming rights expired, the Steelers signed a deal withAcrisure and renamed the stadium to Acrisure Stadium.[141]
Training camp
Steelers at training camp in Latrobe
The Steelers holdtraining camp east of the city atSaint Vincent College inLatrobe.[142] The site is one of the most storied in the league withPeter King of SI.com describing it as: "... I love the place. It's the perfect training-camp setting, looking out over the rolling hills of theLaurel Highlands inwest-central Pennsylvania, an hour east of Pittsburgh. On a misty or foggy morning, standing atop the hill at the college, you feel like you're inScotland. Classic, wonderful slice ofAmerican culture. If you can visit one training camp, this is the one to see."[143]
In 2020 and 2021, due to theCOVID-19 pandemic, the Steelers held their training camp at Heinz Field. They returned to Saint Vincent College for the 2022 season.[145]
Historical facilities
The Rooney family has long had a close relationship withDuquesne University in the city and from the teams founding in the 1930s to the late 1990s usedArt Rooney Field and other facilities on campus as either its primary or secondary in-season training site as well asGreenlee Field during the 1930s.[146]
The Steelers retired Stautner's #70 in 1964 before creating a 50-year tradition of not retiring numbers. The team retired Greene's #75 in 2014 and left the possibility open that they would retire other players' jersey numbers at later dates. However, several numbers have not been reissued since the retirement of the players who wore them, including:[154]
Numbers 1 (byAnthony Wright), 47 (by several players), and 59 (byTodd Seabaugh) were regularly issued for a time before being taken out of circulation. Number 31 was initially taken out of circulation in honor ofDonnie Shell, but was reissued with Shell's blessing in 2001 toMike Logan, who grew up in suburbanMcKeesport and had idolized Shell when he was younger.[155] After Logan retired in 2006, 31 returned to regular circulation, likely due to 36 being removed for Bettis as well as 47 being removed due to some controversy involving the number being issued multiple times following Blount's retirement. Notably, numbers 80 (Jack Butler), 82 (John Stallworth), 83 (Louis Lipps &Heath Miller), 84 (Antonio Brown), and 88 (Lynn Swann) remain in circulation despite the NFLrelaxing uniform numbering rules and more numbers being available for receivers.
Pro Football Hall of Famers
"Primary" inductees
The Steelers boast the third most "primary"inductees into thePro Football Hall of Fame, i.e. inductees that spent most or all of their NFL careers in Pittsburgh. They also can claim the most honorees of any franchise founded on or after1933 and the only franchise with three members of ownership in the Hall of Fame.[156]
The following Steelers were named to NFL All-Decade Teams (and 75th and 100th Anniversary All-Time Teams, selected in 1994 and 2019, respectively). Only those who spent time with Pittsburgh during the respective decades are listed.Bold indicates those elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.
In2007, in celebration of the franchise's 75th season, the team announced an updatedAll-Time team of the 33 best players who have ever played for the Steelers.[199] This team supplanted theprevious All-Time team of 24 players named as part of the 50th anniversary commemoration in1982.[200]
A"Legends team" consisting of the club's best pre-1970s players was released concurrently with the latest All-Time team.[201]
The regionalDapper Dan Charities has since 1939 named the "Sportsman of the Year" in the Pittsburgh region. 19 Steelers have won the award in 23 events:
The Steelers have had 16 coaches through their history.[217] They have cycled through the fewesthead coaches in the modern NFL history.[218] Their first coach wasForrest Douds, who coached them to a 3–6–2 record in1933.Chuck Noll had the longest term as head coach with the Steelers; he is one of only four coaches to coach a single NFL team for 23 years.[7] Hired prior to the2007 season, the Steelers current coach isMike Tomlin.[219]
Pre-season games not shown on one of the national broadcasters are seen onCBSO&OKDKA-TV, channel 2; independent sister stationWPKD-TV, channel 19; andAT&T SportsNet Pittsburgh. KDKA-TV'sBob Pompeani and former Steelers quarterbackCharlie Batch do the announcing for the pre-season games, as well as the two hosting the pre-game programSteelers Kickoff during the regular season prior to the national airing ofThe NFL Today. Pompeani and former SteelerslinemanChris Hoke also host theXfinity Xtra Point following the game on days whenCBS does not have that week's NFL doubleheader. When CBS has a week's doubleheader, the show airs on WPKD-TV. Coach Mike Tomlin's weekly press conference is shown live on AT&T SportsNet Pittsburgh. Both Batch and Hoke replaced former Steelers linemanEdmund Nelson, who retired from broadcasting in 2015.[222]
Thursday Night Football broadcasts are shown locally onFox affiliateWPGH-TV, channel 53 (along with home games with NFC opponents and some flexed interconference games), whileESPN Monday Night Football broadcasts are shown locally onWTAE-TV, channel 4. (WTAE-TV is owned by theHearst Corporation, which owns a 20% stake in ESPN.) By virtue of being members of the AFC, most of the Steelers' games air on CBS and KDKA.NBC Sunday Night Football games are carried byWPXI, channel 11, in the market.
The Steelers hold a national contract withGrupo Imagen for radio rights to their games in Mexico; Imagen broadcasts the Steelers on their stations in 17 Mexican cities.
The Steelers franchise has a rich history of producing well-known sportscasters over the years. The most famous of these is probablyMyron Cope, who served as a Steelers radiocolor commentator for 35 seasons (1970–2004).[223]
Several former Steelers players have gone on to careers in media after completing their playing careers.
Newspaper
TheSteelers Digest is the only official newspaper for the Pittsburgh Steelers.[224] It has been published for 22 years and is currently published by Dolphin/Curtis Publishing in Miami, Florida, which also handles several other publications. The newspaper is very widely acknowledged by Steelers fans. Issues are mailed out to paying subscribers weekly through the season after every regular-season game and continue through playoffs as long as the Steelers do. After a Super Bowl victory, a bonus issue is published, which is followed by a draft preview, draft recap, and training camp edition every other month, then leading into the pre-season. There are typically 24 issues of the paper within a publishing year. The newspaper is listed on the official Steelers.com page.
Usage in popular culture
The Steelers' success over several decades has permeated film and literature. The Steelers are portrayed in the following big-budget Hollywood films:
The Dark Knight Rises in 2012 features several Steelers players as the fictional Gotham Rogues, which was filmed in Heinz Field[234][235]
Mad Men's April 14, 2013, episode hasDon Draper,Pete Campbell andRoger Sterling meeting with twoHJ Heinz executives. The executives are told that not only would the ad firm have given them tickets to the Steelers' November 19, 1967, game at the Giants, the firm would have worked it so that the Steelers would have won (they lost 20–28).
Concussion in 2015 features players from the team suffering fromCTE.[236]
In the summer of 2019, theKennywood theme park located near Pittsburgh, opened a new land themed to the Pittsburgh Steelers,Steelers Country, featuring a major record-breaking coaster, theSteel Curtain.[238] The land, in addition to this ride, features a Steelers-themed experience, and an 'End Zone Restaurant'.
The Chuck Noll Foundation for Brain Injury Research
The Steelers helped launch the Chuck Noll Foundation for Brain Injury Research in November 2016 by donating $1 million.[239] The Foundation, started by Steelers president Art Rooney II, focuses on education and research regarding brain injuries and sports-related concussions.[240]
In June 2017, the Steelers announced an inaugural charity walk to raise money for the foundation.[241]
^AlthoughMarlin Briscoe is sometimes erroneously cited as the first African-American starting quarterback in 1968, this was not for an NFL team and not in an NFL game (the Denver Broncos, for which Briscoe played, were an American Football League team then), additionally the vast majority of Briscoe's career was not as quarterback.
^Varley, Teresa (December 7, 2019)."Black and gold was everywhere".Steelers.com. NFL Enterprises, LLC.Archived from the original on November 10, 2020. RetrievedNovember 4, 2020.
^"Past Standings"(PDF).2013 Official National Football League Record and Fact Book. NFL Enterprises LLC. September 25, 2013.Archived(PDF) from the original on January 24, 2014. RetrievedMay 18, 2018.
^"Byron White". United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.Archived from the original on November 21, 2020. RetrievedMay 18, 2018.
^Varley, Teresa (May 30, 2018)."A jersey filled with history".Steelers.com. NFL Enterprises, LLC.Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. RetrievedNovember 26, 2020.
^"Steelers Get All Shook Up".The Washington Reporter. September 10, 1957.Archived from the original on April 23, 2021. RetrievedMay 18, 2018 – via Google News.
^ab"All-Time Assistant Coaches"(PDF).2017 Official Pittsburgh Steelers Media Guide. Pittsburgh Steelers. September 26, 2017.Archived(PDF) from the original on January 19, 2018. RetrievedMay 18, 2018.
Millman, Chad (2010).The Ones Who Hit the Hardest: The Steelers, the Cowboys, the '70s, and the Fight for America's Soul. Gotham Books.ISBN978-1-5924-0665-4.