Πιτάνη(in Ancient Greek) | |
  Pitane Shown within Turkey | |
| Location | Çandarlı,İzmir Province,Turkey |
|---|---|
| Region | Aeolis |
| Coordinates | 38°55′41″N26°56′14″E / 38.92806°N 26.93722°E /38.92806; 26.93722 |
| Type | Settlement |
Pitane (Ancient Greek:Πιτάνη), nearÇandarlı,Turkey, was anancient Greek town of the ancient region ofAeolis, inAsia Minor. It was situated near the mouth of the riverEvenus on the bay ofElaea. It was one of the eleven ancient Aeolian settlements and possessed considerable commercial advantages in having two harbours.[1][2] It was the birthplace of the academic philosopherArcesilaus, and in the reign ofTitus it suffered severely from an earthquake.[3][4][5][6] The town is still mentioned byHierocles.Pliny the Elder mentions in its vicinity a river Canaius,[5] which is not noticed by any other writer; but it may possibly be the river Pitanes, spoken of byPtolemy, and which seems to derive its name from the town of Pitane.[7]
Its site is near modernÇandarlı,Asiatic Turkey.[8][9]
Excavations in the necropolis of Pitane revealed ceramic finds from theMycenaean,protogeometric,geometric,orientalizing, and theArchaic Greek periods.
Pitane is believed to be the northernmost point of Mycenaean influence in Anatolia.
Akouros from Pitane, dated to the 6th century BCE, is now housed at theBergama Archeological Museum.
In the fifth century BCE, Pitane was a member of theDelian League and is recorded as paying a tribute of 1,000drachmas.[10] In 335 BCE,Alexander the Great's generalParmenion laid siege to the city as part of a campaign against thePersian Empire, but the city was saved by the Persian generalMemnon of Rhodes.[11]
In c. 319 BCE, its citizen Herakleitos, son of Lysistratos, was honoured by the people ofDelphi. In c. 325-c. 275 BCE, the people ofAbydos honoured another citizen, Charidemos, son of Antiphanes, with a dedication at Delphi, which included a statue by the famous Athenian sculptorPraxiteles.[12]
In the reign of theSeleucid kingAntiochus I Soter (r. 281-261 BCE), Pitane was able to expand its territory by paying the king 380talents to purchase some territory.[13] This territory was the subject of a dispute with the city ofMytilene on nearbyLesbos in the mid-second century BCE, which was arbitrated byPergamon.[14] We also learn from this document[clarification needed] that Pitane was a free city in theHellenistic period that was not subject to theAttalid dynasty and that its public document no longer used theAeolic dialect. In 84 BCE,Mithridates VI fled to Pitane while evading the Roman generalGaius Flavius Fimbria, where he was besieged by Fimbria before escaping to Mytilene by sea.[15]
Under the Latin name Pitanae, the town wasChristianized and became the seat of a bishop; no longer a residential bishopric, it remains atitular see of theRoman Catholic Church.[16]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Pitane".Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
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