| Pielnica | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Location | |
| Country | Poland |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Bieszczady Mountains |
| Mouth | |
• location | Wisłok |
• coordinates | 49°37′29″N21°57′04″E / 49.6246°N 21.9510°E /49.6246; 21.9510 |
| Length | 63 km (39 mi) |
| Basin size | 940 km2 (360 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Wisłok→San→Vistula→Baltic Sea |
ThePielnica (Polish pronunciation:[pʲɛlˈɲitsa];German:Pella orPiella 1419,Pielica 1441,Pielnyka 1512) is ariver in South-EasternPoland. Its name comes from the ancient German dialect wordpiella, the river, a tributary of the Wislok on the right bank. It begins in theBieszczady mountains and flows through westernPogórze Bukowskie. The Pielnica arises in theCarpathian Mountains near the peak Skibce, at an elevation of 776 metres, near on the Polish-Slovakianborder. The river ultimately flows into theWisłok at Besko, north ofSanok. Several streams flow into the Pielnica there from nearby hills, namely, on the west from Wysoka Góra (432 meters), and on the east from Bukowica (541 meters).
Main Sections;Nowotaniec,Nadolaly,Nagórzany,Wola Sękowa,Odrzechowa,Pielnia,Długie,Besko.
The Pielnicavalley must have been an important trade route and human settlement axis as early as 14th or 15th century. The region subsequently became part of theGreat Moravian state. Upon the invasion of theHungarian tribes into the heart of the Great Moravian Empire around 899, theLendians of the area declared their allegiance to Hungarian Empire. The region then became a site of contention betweenPoland, Kievan Rus andHungary starting in at least the 9th century. This area was mentioned for the first time in 981 (byNestor), whenVolodymyr the Great ofKievan Rus took the area over on the way intoPoland. In 1018 it returned to Poland, 1031 back to Rus, in 1340Casimir III of Poland recovered it.
Inhistorical records the river was first mentioned in 1361. Before World War II, the Pielnica andOsława line, was designated as thewild frontier between Poles andLemkos.
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