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The city ofPiazza (as it was called before 1862) developed during theNorman domination in Sicily (11th century), whenLombards settled the central and eastern part of Sicily.
The area has been inhabited since prehistoric times. The city flourished duringRoman times, as shown by the large mosaics at the patricianVilla Romana del Casale.
Remains, artefacts of old settlements and a necropolis from the 8th century BC were found in the territory of the commune.
The town is famous chiefly for its monumental Roman villa with its exceptional mosaics in theVilla Romana del Casale, about 3 kilometres (2 miles) to the southwest.
It also has a range of significant architecture dating from medieval through the 18th century. The medieval history of the city is manifest in some of its houses, which showNorman orGothic architecture. The main landmarks include a range of architectural styles:
Piazza Armerina Cathedral: church was built atop the 15th-century foundations of a former church, from which the bell tower was taken and reused; completed during 17th and 18th centuries.[3] Also original to the 15th-century church are the Catalan-Gothic style windows on the left side. The dome dates from 1768. The façade has a notable portal with spiral columns by Leonardo De Luca. The interior, with a single large nave, houses theMadonna della Vittoria (Madonna of the Victory). TheByzantine icon is traditionally associated with the banner donated by the Pope toRoger I of Sicily during the Council of Melfi. The cathedral has an unusual two-sidedcrucifix by an unknown artist. The Diocesan Museum holdsreliquaries, articles of silverware,monstrances and other religious art works.[4]
Palazzo Trigona: palace of the wealthy family who commissioned the nearby cathedrachurch.
San Rocco: church of Fundrò with a carved tufa portal.
Palazzo di Città (1613), characterized by a fresco ceiling by Salvatore Martorana.
Aragonese Castle (1392–96). It is square in shape, with square towers.
San Giovanni Evangelista: 14th-century church with interior frescoes byGuglielmo Borremans and assistants.
Sant'Anna: 18th century church with Baroque sinuous façade inspired by the buildings ofBorromini.
The church of St. Martin of Tours: church completed in 1163.
Santa Maria di Gesù: 16th century church now abandoned.
Commenda Dei Cavalieri Di Malta (1150) Old Church, run by the Knights of Malta from 1150, now a national monument, at Piazza Umberto 1.
Outside the city is the ancient church of thePriorato di Sant'Andrea (1096), founded by Count Simon of Butera, a nephew ofRoger I of Sicily. It has important medieval frescoes.
Piazza Armerina holds an annualPalio dei Normanni, a re-enactment in costume of the entrance of the Norman Count Roger I to the city. It takes place on 12–14 August.
Piazza Armerina is one of the so-called "Lombard" communes of Sicily, as its dialect differs notably from that of the neighbouring region. This is due to the destruction of the old Piazza by kingWilliam I of Sicily, and the subsequent repopulation byWilliam II (according to other scholars, during the slightly later age ofFrederick II) withcolonists coming from northern Italy (then collectively called "Lombardy"), especially fromMonferrato andPiacenza.
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