| Tit hylia | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Superfamily: | Aegithaloidea |
| Family: | Hyliidae |
| Genus: | Pholidornis Hartlaub, 1857 |
| Species: | P. rushiae |
| Binomial name | |
| Pholidornis rushiae (Cassin, 1855) | |
Thetit hylia (Pholidornis rushiae) is a species ofbird,monotypic within the genusPholidornis. It is found in rainforests in West and Central Africa. It had been placed in the familyCettiidae, but in 2019 its assignment to a new family, theHyliidae, was strongly supported.[2][3]
The tit hylia was described byJohn Cassin in 1855 asDiceum Rushiæ based on a specimen collected from present-day Gabon. It was placed in the genusPholidornis by Gustav Hartlaub two years later.[4] Its generic name is derived from theAncient Greekpholidos for scale andornis for bird.[5]
It is widespread across theAfrican tropical rainforest.
At 8 cm (3.1 in) long, it is perhaps the smallest bird native toAfrica. This species has a pale buff chest and head overlaid with heavy brown streaking. From the lower breast down to the rump, this bird is bright yellow. The legs are a bright orange color. Juveniles are less colorful and less heavily streaked.[6] Due to its small size it sometimes gets trapped in spider webs.[4]
The tit hylia is a bird of the upper and middle canopy, usually foraging from 5–15 m (16–49 ft) from the forest floor and rarely coming lower. It is social, feeding in small flocks of up to seven birds (although very rarely with other species). It feeds on insects, with scale insects (familyCoccoidea) being an important part of the diet.[4]
The tit hylia is a monogamous breeder, and a report from Angola has suggested that it may engage in cooperative breeding as well. The round nest, built by the pair or group, is large, 15 cm (5.9 in) across, and is made of plant fibres. The entrance is a spout hanging from the bottom. The nest is situated 3–20 m (9.8–65.6 ft) up a tree. The nests are well made and strongly bound to the branches they are found on. Two eggs are laid, although there is no information about the incubation, up to four adults have been reported feeding the chicks, and the nest is used for roosting after the breeding season.[4]
