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Philon

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4th-century BC Greek architect

For the American football player, seeDarius Philon.

See also:Philo (disambiguation)

Philon (Greek:Φίλων),Athenian architect of the 4th century BC, is known as the planner of two important works: theportico of twelve Doric columns to the greatHall of the Mysteries atEleusis (work commissioned byDemetrius of Phalerum about 318 BC) and, under the administration ofLycurgus, anarsenal in Piraeus, Athens' port city.^[1]^[2] Of the last we have exact knowledge from an inscription. E. A. Gardner observes that it "is perhaps known to us more in detail than any other lost monument of antiquity."^[3] It was to hold the rigging of thegalleys; and was so contrived that all its contents were visible from a central hall, and so liable to the inspection of theAthenian democracy. He is known to have written books on the Athenian arsenal and on the proportions of temple buildings,^[4] but these are now lost.

Vitruvius (vii, introduction) quotes Philon on theproportions of temples, and on the naval arsenal which was at the port ofPiraeus.

Philon's arsenal was destroyed by the forces ofLucius Cornelius Sulla in theRoman conquest of Athens in 86 BC.

Notes

[edit]

^Smith, Sir William, ed. (1859)."Philon, A very eminent architect at Athens".Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. III. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. p. 314.
^Marconi, Clemente (2015).The Oxford handbook of Greek and Roman art and architecture. Oxford handbooks. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 144.ISBN 978-0-19-978330-4.
^Chisholm 1911, p. 439 citesGardner, p. 557
^Chisholm 1911, p. 439.

References

[edit]

Gardner, E. A.Ancient Athens. p. 557.

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Philon".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 439.

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