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| Trade names | Bontril |
| Other names | Mephenmetrazine; (2S,3S)-3,4-Dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| Routes of administration | Oral administration |
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| Bioavailability | Peak plasma levels occur within 1 to 3 hours. Absorption is usually complete by 4 to 6 hours |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 19-24 hours |
| Excretion | Urinary elimination |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.010.186 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C12H17NO |
| Molar mass | 191.274 g·mol−1 |
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Phendimetrazine, sold under the brand nameBontril among others, is astimulantmedication of themorpholinechemical class used as anappetite suppressant.[2]
Phendimetrazine functions as aprodrug ofphenmetrazine; approximately 30 percent of an oral dose is converted into it. Phendimetrazine can essentially be thought of as anextended-release formulation of phenmetrazine with lesspotential for abuse. Phendimetrazine is ananorectic drug which acts as anorepinephrine-dopaminereleasing agent (NDRA).[3]
As an amphetamine congener, its structure incorporates the backbone ofmethamphetamine, a potentCNS stimulant. While the addition of an N-methyl group to amphetamine significantly increases itspotency andbioavailability,methylation of phenmetrazine renders the compound virtually inactive. However, phendimetrazine is aprodrug for phenmetrazine which acts as the active metabolite. Phendimetrazine possesses preferablepharmacokinetics over phenmetrazine as a therapeutic agent because its metabolization bydemethylases produces a more steady and prolonged exposure of active drug within the body.[4] This decreases abuse potential as the peak blood-concentration of active phenmetrazine that's produced from a single dose of phendimetrazine is lower than a single therapeutically equivalent dose of phenmetrazine.
Indicated as a short-term secondary treatment for exogenous obesity, phendimetrazine immediate-release 35mg tablets are typically consumed one hour before meals, not to exceed three doses daily. Phendimetrazine is also manufactured as a 105mg extended-release capsule for once daily dosing, typically consumed 30 to 60 minutes before a morning meal. Whereas the immediate-release formulation has a maximum daily dosage of 210mg (6 tablets), the extended-release capsules have a maximum daily dosage of 105mg (one capsule).
According to the List of Psychotropic Substances under International Control published by theInternational Narcotics Control Board, phendimetrazine is aSchedule III controlled substance under theConvention on Psychotropic Substances.[5]
The reaction betweenN-methylethanolamine and 2-bromopropiophenone gives compound (3), which isreductively cyclized usingformic acid to synthesize phendimetrazine.[6][7]
It is sold under various brand names including Bontril, Bontril PDM, Adipost, Anorex-SR, Appecon, Melfiat, Obezine, Phendiet, Plegine, Prelu-2, and Statobex.[8][9]
