Eleventh month of the Hindu calendar
For the month in the Bangla Calendar and Nepali calendar, see
Fagun .
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Phalguna orPhagun is the twelfth and last month[ a] Hindu lunar calendar and theIndian national calendar .[ 4] Moon near thePushya nakshatra (star) on thefull moon day.[ 5] Shishira ) season and falls in January–February of theGregorian calendar .[ 6] [ 7] [ 8]
In the Hindusolar calendar , it corresponds to the month ofKumbha and begins with theSun 's entry intoAquarius .[ 9] [ 10] [ 11] Bengali calendar andVikram Samvat .[ 11] Tamil calendar , it corresponds to the twelfth and last month ofPanguni , falling in the Gregorian months of March–April.[ 11] [ 12] Vaishnav calendar, it corresponds to the twelfth month ofGovinda .[ b] [ 13] [ 14]
In the Hindu lunar calendar, each month has 29 or 30 days. The month begins on the next day afterAmavasya (new moon ) orPurnima (full moon ) as peramanta andpurnimanta systems respectively. A month consists of two cycles of 15 days each,Shukla Paksha (waning moon ) andKrishna Paksha (waxing moon ). Days in each cycle is labeled as athithi , with each thithi repeating twice in a month.[ 15] [ 16]
Holi is aHindu festival celebrated to mark the end of winter and the arrival of spring (Vasanta ). It celebrates various events fromHindu mythology including the love between godKrishna and his consortRadha .[ 17] bonfires (Holika Dahan) the night before. The bonfire is lit to symbolise the burning away of evil, and is attributed to the event in whichPrahalada is saved by godVishnu from a fire lit by demonessHolika , who is made to instead burn in it.[ 18] [ 19]
Maha Shivaratri is a majorHindu Shaiva festival celebrated onChaturdashi (14th lunar night)thithi ofKrishna Paksha (waxing moon ) of the month. It is dedicated to worshipping lordShiva .[ 20] Hindu mythology associated with Shiva including his union withParvati .[ 21] [ 22]
Panguni Uthiram is aTamil festival that falls on the day when theNakshatra (star) ofUttiram aligns withpurnima (full moon day ) in the Tamil month ofPanguni .[ 23] Murugan andDeivanai , andVishnu andLakshmi . It also marks the day of manifestation of lordAyyappan .[ 24] [ 25] Hindu temples .[ 26]
Shigmo is a spring-festival celebrated by agricultural communities in the state ofGoa . The festival marks the onset of spring and the upcoming harvest season.[ 27] [ 28] [ 29]
^a b In a normal lunar calendar year, Phalguna is the twelfth and last month. InHindu calendar , an additional monthAdhika-masa is added approximately every three years to keep thelunar calendar aligned with thesolar calendar .[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] ^ In a normal Vaishnav calendar year, Govinda is the twelfth and last month. An additional intercalary month of Purusottama is added in some years to keep it aligned with thesolar calendar . ^ Garg, Gaṅgā Rām (1992).Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World ISBN 978-81-7022-374-0 ^ Roberts, C. (2004).What India Thinks: Being a Symposium of Thought Contributed by 50 Eminent Men and Women Having India's Interest at Heart ISBN 978-81-206-1880-0 ^ Selin, Helaine (12 March 2008).Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures ISBN 978-1-4020-4559-2 ^ Kenneth W. Morgan, ed. (1987).The Religion Of The Hindus .Motilal Banarsidass . p. 96.ISBN 978-8-120-80387-9 ^ Garima Garg (2022).Heavens and Earth: The Story of Astrology Through Ages and Cultures .Penguin Random House . p. 75.ISBN 978-9-354-92705-8 ^ Helene Henderson, ed. (2005).Holidays, festivals, and celebrations of the world dictionary (Third ed.). Detroit: Omnigraphics. p. xxix.ISBN 978-0-780-80982-6 ^ James G. Lochtefeld (2002).The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M, N-Z (Vol 1 & 2) 508 .ISBN 978-0-8239-3179-8 ^ Robert Sewell; Śaṅkara Bālakr̥shṇa Dīkshita (1896).The Indian Calendar 5 –11,23– 29. ^ Christopher John Fuller (2004).The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and Society in India Princeton University Press . pp. 291– 293.ISBN 978-0-69112-04-85 ^ Robert Sewell; Śaṅkara Bālakr̥shṇa Dīkshita (1896).The Indian Calendar 10 –11. ^a b c Robert Sewell; John Faithful Fleet (1989).The Siddhantas and the Indian Calendar .Asian Educational Services . p. 334. ^ "Tamil Calendar – Months" .Time and Date . Retrieved1 October 2025 .^ "Vaisnava Calendar Reminder Services – About Calendar" .Vaisnava Calendar . Retrieved1 October 2025 .^ "Something about the Vaisnava Calendar" .ISVARA . Retrieved1 October 2025 .^ "Hindu calendar" .ISKCON . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Hindu calendar" .Arya Samaj . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Holi: Celebrate the festival of colours" .Incredible India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Holi : History and Significance of Holi Festival" .The Times of India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Holi 2025: What Do yellow, pink, green, blue and purple colours symbolise?" .India Times . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Why Maha Shivaratri is celebrated? Know its significance" .The Times of India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Astrological significance of Maha Shivaratri" .The Times of India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Maha Shivaratri" .Britannica . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ University, Vijaya Ramaswamy, Jawaharlal Nehru (25 August 2017).Historical Dictionary of the Tamils ISBN 978-1-5381-0686-0 {{cite book }}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )^ Chambers, James (1 July 2015).Holiday Symbols & Customs, 5th Ed 885– 886.ISBN 978-0-7808-1365-6 ^ "Panguni Uthiram 2025: Why it is the perfect time to strengthen marriage or heal relationship, as per Hindu beliefs" .The Times of India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Panguni Uthiram: Celebrating Divine Marriages in Tamil Nadu's Sacred Temples" .Culture & Heritage of India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Shigmo : Goa's harvest festival, hit by Covid-19 this year" .The Indian Express . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Shigmo celebrations in Goa find expression in unusual traditions" .The Times of India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .^ "Shigmotsav" .Utsav – Events & Festivals in India . Retrieved1 June 2025 .
