In 1935,Walt Disney began considering plans to adapt Barrie's play into an animated feature. He purchased the film rights fromParamount Pictures in 1938, and began preliminary development in the next year. However, following theattack on Pearl Harbor, Disney shelved the project when his studio was contracted by the United States government to produce training and war propaganda films. The project sat idle in development for the rest of the decade until it experienced aturnaround in 1949. To assist the animators, live-action reference footage was shot with actors on soundstages. It also marked the last Disney film in which all nine members ofDisney's Nine Old Men worked together as directing animators.
Peter Pan was released on February 5, 1953, becoming the final Disney animated feature released through RKO before Disney foundedhis own distribution company. The film was entered into the1953 Cannes Film Festival,[2] Upon its release, the film earned positive reviews from film critics and was a box office success. Its representation of the Native Americans received retrospective criticism.
InEdwardianLondon 1904, George and Mary Darling's preparations to attend a party are disrupted by the antics of their boys, John and Michael, who are acting out aPeter Pan story told to them by their elder sisterWendy. An irritated George demands that Wendy drop the stories and move out of the nursery, since "sooner or later, people have to grow up" and also chains Nana the female dog outside because she is a dog not a nurse. Later that night, Peter himself arrives in the nursery to find his lost shadow. He persuades Wendy to come toNever Land, where she will never have to grow up, and she and the boys fly there with the begrudging help of the pixieTinker Bell.
A ship ofpirates is anchored off Never Land, led byCaptain Hook and his first mate,Mr. Smee. Hook wants revenge on Peter for cutting off his hand, but fears the crocodile which consumed the hand, knowing it is eager to eat the rest of him. When Pan and the Darlings arrive, Hook shoots at them with a cannon, and Peter sends the Darlings off to safety while he baits the pirates. Tinker Bell, who is jealous of Pan's attention to Wendy, convinces theLost Boys that Pan has ordered them to shoot down Wendy. Tinker Bell's treachery is soon found out, and Peterbanishes her for a week. John and Michael set off with the Lost Boys to find the island'sNatives; however, the Natives capture the group, believing them to be responsible for taking the chief's daughter,Tiger Lily.
Meanwhile, Peter takes Wendy to see themermaids, who flee in terror when Hook arrives on the scene. Peter and Wendy see that Hook and Smee have captured Tiger Lily, to force her to disclose the location of Peter's hideout. Peter frees Tiger Lily and returns her to the Chief, and the tribe honors Peter. Meanwhile, Hook takes advantage of Tinker Bell's jealousy of Wendy, tricking the fairy into revealing Peter's secret hideout instead.
Wendy and her brothers eventually grow homesick and plan to return to London. They invite Peter and the Lost Boys to join them and be adopted by the Darlings. The Lost Boys agree, but Peter does not want to grow up and refuses. The pirates lie in wait, and capture the Lost Boys and the Darlings as they exit the lair, leaving behind atime bomb to kill Peter. Hook attempts to persuade his captives to join the crew, threatening to make themwalk the plank if they refuse. Tinker Bell learns of the plot, just in time to snatch the bomb from Peter as it explodes.
Peter rescues Tinker Bell from the rubble, and together they rescue Wendy, confronting the pirates and releasing the children. Peter engages Hook in combat as the children fight off the crew, and defeats him. Hook falls into the sea and swims away, pursued by the crocodile. Peter commandeers the deserted ship and, assisted by Tinker Bell's pixie dust, flies it to London with the children aboard although the Lost Boys choose to stay with Peter Pan in Neverland.
George and Mary Darling return home and find Wendy sleeping at the nursery's open window. Wendy awakens and excitedly tells about their adventures and that she's ready to grow up but her father who has softened up tells her she can stay in the nursery and even brings Nana back inside. The parents look out the window and see what appears to be a pirate ship in the clouds. George, recognizing the ship from his own childhood, hints that he himself went to Neverland when he was a boy.
Bobby Driscoll asPeter Pan,[3] the cocky and very adventurous leader of the Lost Boys of Never Land, where he resides due to his refusal to grow up.[4] He is frequently accompanied by his best friend, the hot-headed pixieTinker Bell.
Kathryn Beaumont asWendy Darling,[5] the imaginative and very caring oldest child of the Darling family, who loves to tell the stories about Peter Pan and his adventures.
Hans Conried asCaptain Hook,[6] a ruthless and obsessivepirate captain who seeks lots of revenge on Peter Pan for having his left hand chopped off and fed to theCrocodile in a battle.[7]
Continuing the tradition of the stage play, Conried also voices George Darling,[6] the Darling children's very strict and short-tempered, but loving father and Mary's husband.
Thompson also voiced several members of Hook's pirate crew.[9]
Heather Angel as Mary Darling,[8] the Darling children's calm and gentle mother and George's wife, who is much more understanding of Wendy's stories than her husband, even though she takes them with apinch of salt.
Paul Collins as John Darling,[10] a very smart and mature beyond his years middle child of the Darling family.
Tommy Luske as Michael Darling,[9] the youngest and the most sensitive child of the Darling family, who constantly carries ateddy bear with him.
Candy Candido as the Indian Chief,[8] a fierce-looking but well-meaning leader of the Indian Tribe and Tiger Lily's father.
Corinne Orr asTiger Lily, the daughter of the Indian Chief, who gets kidnapped by Captain Hook. Her only line is the word "Help!" before Peter saves her from drowning.
Additionally,Stuffy Singer,Johnny McGovern,Robert Ellis, and Jeffrey Silver provided voices for Slightly, the Twins, Cubby, and Nibs – The Lost Boys, Peter's right-hand boys, dressed as various animals.June Foray, Connie Hilton, Karen Kester, andMargaret Kerry voiced the mermaids, vain and shallow inhabitants of the Mermaid Lagoon who are infatuated with Peter Pan. Foray also voiced the Squaw Woman, who orders Wendy to get firewood while everyone else celebrates Peter's rescue of Tiger Lily.Tom Conway was the film's narrator.[8]
Production
Early development
We were living on a farm, and one morning as we walked to school, we found entrancing new posters. A road company was coming to the nearby town of Marceline and the play they were presenting wasPeter Pan withMaude Adams. It took most of the contents of two toy saving banks to buy our tickets, but my brotherRoy and I didn't care ... I took many memories away from the theater with me, but the most thrilling of all was the vision of Peter flying through the air. Shortly afterward,Peter Pan was chosen for our school play and I was allowed to play Peter. No actor ever identified himself with the part he was playing more than I – and I was more realistic than Maude Adams in at least one particular: I actually flew through the air! Roy was using a block and tackle to hoist me. It gave way, and I flew right into the faces of the surprised audience.
—Walt Disney on his introduction to the story ofPeter Pan[11]
Walt Disney was familiar withJ. M. Barrie's playPeter Pan, or the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up since childhood,[12] having seen a touring production starringMaude Adams at the Cater Opera House inMarceline, Missouri,[13] in 1913.[14] In 1935, he first expressed interest in adapting the play[15] as his second animated feature film afterSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs,[16] which was still in production at the time.[14] During his acquisition spree inEurope in April 1938,Roy O. Disney went toLondon to acquire the rights from theGreat Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, butParamount Pictures had already secured the live-action screen rights. The hospital unsuccessfully offered to have Disney and Paramount make an agreement;[17] however, by October of that year, Walt had purchased the animation rights from Paramount[18] and commissioned Dorothy Ann Blank to develop the story.[19] In January 1939, Disney signed a £5,000 contract with the hospital,[20] and by May of that year, as the story work was in the preliminary stages, he had several animators in mind for some of the characters – Bill Tytla was considered for the pirates,Norman Ferguson for Nana, andFred Moore for Tinker Bell.[18]
During this time, many possible interpretations of the story were explored. In the earliest treatment, written by Blank on April 14, 1939, the film would start by telling Peter Pan'sbackstory, which was based on Barrie's 1906 bookPeter Pan in Kensington Gardens. However, during a story meeting the following month, Disney decided that they "ought to get right into the story itself, where Peter Pan comes to the house to get his shadow. That's where the story picks up. How Peter came to be is really another story."[16] Disney also explored the idea of opening the film in Never Land with Peter coming to Wendy's house to kidnap her as a mother for the Lost Boys. Eventually, it was decided that the kidnapping plot was too dark, and Disney went back to Barrie's original play, in which Peter comes to get his shadow back and Wendy herself is eager to see Never Land.[16]
By early 1940,[14]David Hall, who had also worked onAlice in Wonderland, created first exploratory storyboards and concept art forPeter Pan.[21] Later that year, Disney personally attempted to contact Maude Adams, who by then had retired from acting and was teaching drama atStephens College.[22] Disney notified her of his plans for an animated feature, and requested for her to view an early reel of the film that the studio had produced for her approval. He further affirmed that his studio would send the necessary screening equipment toColumbia College for the presentation and that it could be open to any Stephens College student or faculty member interested in attending.[23] Adams, however, rejected Disney's proposal. In a 1941 studio memo toKay Kamen, he wrote: "She wouldn't even give me the courtesy of looking at our reel. Her reasons were to the effect that 'Peter whom she created was to her real life and blood, while another's creation of this character would only be a ghost to her'. It seems pretty silly and from my point of view, I would say that Miss Adams is simply living in the past."[22]
Production delays
By 1941, the basic story structure ofPeter Pan was completed,[14] but later that year, following thebombing of Pearl Harbor, the United States military took control ofWalt Disney Productions. It commissioned the studio to produce training and war propaganda films,[24] thus pre-production work onPeter Pan, as well as onAlice in Wonderland (1951), was suspended.[25] However, theBank of America allowed for production onPeter Pan, along withThe Wind in the Willows (1949), to continue duringWorld War II.[26] After the war had ended, pre-production of the film resumed withJack Kinney as director. At the time, Kinney had considered leaving Walt Disney Productions for theMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, but wartime restrictions prevented it. Since he did not want Kinney to get out of his contract, Disney appointed Kinney to directPeter Pan.[27]
Impatient with the delays, Disney asked Kinney to work on sequences consecutively rather than finishing the entire script before it was storyboarded, so that a scene would be approved at a morning story meeting and then immediately put into development. Six months later, during a storyboard meeting, Kinney presented a two-and-a-half-hour presentation, during which Disney sat silently and then stated, "You know, I've been thinking aboutCinderella."[28]
Return to actual production
By 1947, Walt Disney Productions' financial health started to improve again.[29] Around this time, Disney acknowledged the need for sound economic policies, but emphasized to his financial backers that slashing production would be suicidal to the studio. In order to restore the studio to profitability, Disney expressed his desire to return to producing full-length animated films. By then, three animated projects—Cinderella,Alice in Wonderland, andPeter Pan—were in development. Disney had felt the characters inAlice in Wonderland andPeter Pan were too cold, but becauseCinderella (1950) contained similar elements when compared toSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), he decided togreenlightCinderella.[30] In May 1949,Variety reported thatPeter Pan had been placed back into production.[31]
The scene in the nursery went through many alterations. In one version, it is Mrs. Darling who finds Peter Pan's shadow and shows it to Mr. Darling, as in the original play. In another version of the film, Nana goes to Never Land with Pan and the Darling children, the story being told through her eyes. In another interpretation of the story, John Darling is left behind for being too serious, practical and boring, but story artistRalph Wright convinced Disney to have John go with the others to Never Land. This adaptation also included Wendy bringing her Peter Pan picture book and Peter and the children eating an "imaginary dinner".[16] At one point, a party in Peter's hideout was conceived at which Tinker Bell becomes humiliated and, in her rage, tells Captain Hook the location of Peter Pan's hideout of her own free will. However, Disney felt that this story was contrary to Tinker Bell's character; instead, he had Captain Hook kidnapping Tinker Bell and persuading her to tell him. In Barrie's play, Captain Hook puts poison in Peter's dose of medicine and Tinker Bell saves Peter by drinking the poison herself, only to be revived by the applause of the theater audience. After much debate, Disney discarded this story development, fearing it would be difficult to achieve in a film.[16]
In earlier scripts, there were more scenes involving the pirates and mermaids that were similar to those with the dwarfs inSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Ultimately, these scenes were cut for pacing reasons.[32] The film concept was also a bit darker at one point than that of the finished product; for example, there were scenes involving Captain Hook being eaten by the crocodile like in the original play, the Darling family mourning over their lost children and Pan and the children discovering the pirates' treasure loaded withbooby traps.[16]
Casting
Bobby Driscoll portraying Peter Pan inThe Walt Disney Christmas Show (1951).
Walt Disney originally wanted to castMary Martin as Peter Pan, but Roy Disney disagreed, finding Martin's voice "too heavy, matured and sophisticated".[a]Jean Arthur also approached Walt Disney to consider her for the role.[26]Bobby Driscoll, who was Disney's first contractchild actor and had previously starred in such films asSong of the South (1946),So Dear to My Heart (1948), andTreasure Island (1950), was ultimately cast.[33] This was the first time that a male actor was cast as Peter Pan, breaking a tradition of women portraying him in both films and stage productions.[14] Driscoll also provided some of the live-action reference for the character.[4]Peter Pan was Driscoll's last Disney film, as his contract with the studio was abruptly terminated shortly after its release.[34]
For the role of Wendy, Disney wanted a "gentle and gracefully feminine" voice, which he found inKathryn Beaumont,[14] who had previously voiced thetitle character inAlice in Wonderland (1951) and had just finished working on the film.[35] Disney initially offered the role of Captain Hook toCary Grant, which the latter was "intrigued with",[26] but eventuallyHans Conried was cast as both Hook[7] and, in keeping the tradition of the stage play, George Darling.[36]
Animation
Live-action reference
As with previous Disney animated features sinceSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), a live-action version with the actors performing to a prerecorded dialogue track was filmed to serve as an aid to animators.[32]Margaret Kerry received a call to audition to serve as the live-action reference for Tinker Bell.[37] For the live-action reference, Kerry said she had to hold out her arms and pretend to fly for all the scenes requiring it.[14] Additionally, Kerry served as reference for one of the mermaids, along with Connie Hilton andJune Foray.[38][self-published source]
At the same time, the studio was looking for an actor to portray Peter Pan, to which Kerry suggested her dancing teacherRoland Dupree. He was interviewed and eventually won the role,[39] providing visual reference for the flying and action sequences.Bobby Driscoll also served as the live-action reference model for Peter Pan, although he was mainly used for the close-up scenes.Kathryn Beaumont, who was the voice of Wendy, performed the live-action reference footage for the character.[14]
Hans Conried completed the voice work over the course of a few days, but served as the live-action reference for two and a half years.[40]
Character animation
Milt Kahl wanted to animate Captain Hook but was instead assigned to animate Peter Pan and the Darling children; he claimed he was "outmaneuvered".[41] During production, while animating Peter Pan, Kahl claimed that the hardest thing to animate was a character floating in mid-air.[14] While observing the animation of Peter Pan, Disney complained that the animators had let too many of Bobby Driscoll's facial features find their way into the character design, telling Kahl that "[t]hey are too masculine, too old. There is something wrong there." Kahl replied, "You want to know what's wrong!?... What's wrong is that they don't have any talent in the place."[28]
The job of animating Captain Hook was assigned toFrank Thomas, who faced conflicting visions of the character. Story artist Ed Penner viewed Hook as "a very foppish, not strong, dandy-type, who loved all the finery. Kind of a con man. [Co-director Gerry] Geronimi saw him as anErnest Torrence: a mean, heavy sort of character who used his hook menacingly." When Disney saw Thomas' first test scenes, he said, "Well, that last scene has something I like I think you're beginning to get him. I think we better wait and let Frank go on a little further."[42][43] Because Thomas could not animate every scene of Hook, certain sequences were given toWolfgang Reitherman, such as Hook trying to escape the crocodile at Skull Rock.[44]
Ollie Johnston animated Mr. Smee. To best capture his comedic yet fear-ridden, sycophantic personality, Johnston used a variation of the Dwarf design fromSnow White, and had Mr. Smee blink repeatedly. Johnston's former mentor, Fred Moore, worked in his unit as a character animator for Smee's minor scenes. Moore also animated the mermaids and the Lost Boys. The film would be Moore's final work as he died in a traffic accident on November 22, 1952.[45]
Frank Churchill wrote several songs for the film during the early 1940s, and Charles Walcott wrote additional songs in 1941. When work onPeter Pan resumed in 1944, Eliot Daniel composed songs for the film. However, this version ofPeter Pan was shelved so the studio could completeCinderella.[46] In April 1950, it was reported thatSammy Cahn andSammy Fain were composing songs forPeter Pan.[47] The incidental music score for the movie is composed byOliver Wallace.
Songs
The melody for "The Second Star to the Right" was originally written forAlice in Wonderland as part of a song to be entitled "Beyond the Laughing Sky".[48] Some Disneyland-issued compilations give the title as "Second Star to the Right" (no "The"); see, for example,50 Happy Years of Disney Favorites (Disneyland Records, STER-3513, Side II). "What Made the Red Man Red?" became controversial because of its stereotypical portrayal of Native Americans.[49] "Never Smile at a Crocodile" was cut from the movie soundtrack, but was included for the 1997 Walt Disney Records CD release.[50] The song, with lyrics, also appears in theSing-Along Songs video series and the correspondingCanta Con Nosotros title, where it is titled "Al reptil no hay que sonreír".
The 1997 soundtrack release contains the bonus tracks "Never Smile at a Crocodile" (with lyrics) and an early demo recording of "The Boatswain's Song".
During its initial theatrical run,Peter Pan grossed $6 million in distributorrentals from the United States and Canada[57] and $2.6 million internationally.[58]
Re-releases
Peter Pan was re-released theatrically in 1958, 1969, 1976, 1982 and 1989.[59] The film also had a special limited re-release at thePhiladelphia Film Festival in 2003. It also played a limited engagement in selectCinemark Theatres from February 16–18, 2013.[60] To celebrate Disney's 100th anniversary,Peter Pan was re-released in theaters across the UK on September 1, 2023, for a week.[61] The movie has earned a lifetime domestic gross of $87.4 million.[1] Adjusted for inflation, and incorporating subsequent releases, the film has had a lifetime gross of $427.5 million.[62]
Home media
Peter Pan was first released on North American VHS, LaserDisc and Betamax in 1990 and UK VHS in 1993. ATHX certified 45th anniversary limited edition of the film was released on March 3, 1998, as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection.Peter Pan was released on DVD on November 23, 1999 as a part of the Walt Disney Limited Issues series for a limited 60-day time period before going into moratorium.[63]Peter Pan was re-released as a special-edition VHS and DVD release in 2002 to promote the sequelReturn to Never Land. The DVD was accompanied with special features including a making-of documentary, a sing-along, a storybook and a still-frame gallery of production artwork.[64]
On March 6, 2007, a Platinum Edition ofPeter Pan was released as a two-disc DVD, containing a new digital restoration of the film.[65][66]Peter Pan was re-released on Diamond Edition Blu-ray on February 5, 2013 to celebrate its 60th anniversary.[67][68] A DVD and digital copy were also released on August 20, 2013.[69]Peter Pan was re-released indigital HD format on May 29, 2018 and on Blu-ray on June 5, 2018, as part of the Walt Disney Signature Collection line, to celebrate the film's 65th anniversary.[70] A 70th anniversary edition Blu-ray released in 2023 as a Disney Movie Club exclusive.[71]
Reception
Critical reaction
Peter Pan received generally positive reviews from critics upon release, some of whom praised the animation but felt it veered too far from the play.[72][73]Bosley Crowther ofThe New York Times criticized the film's lack of faithfulness to the original play, claiming it "has the story but not the spirit ofPeter Pan as it was plainly conceived by its author and is usually played on the stage". Nevertheless, he praised the colors are "more exciting and the technical features of the job, such as the synchronization of voices with the animation of lips, are very good".[74] However,Time magazine gave the film a highly favorable review, writing "it is a lively feature-length Technicolor excursion into a world that glows with an exhilarating charm and a gentle joyousness."[75] Mae Tinee ofThe Chicago Tribune wrote: "The backgrounds are delightfully picturesque, the music only so-so. The film is designed for broad effect, with the accent of comedy. I'm sure the youngsters who grow up with cartoons will be right at home with all the characters."[76]Variety described the film as a "feature cartoon of enchanting quality. The music score is fine, highlighting the constant buzz of action and comedy, but the songs are less impressive than usually encountered in such a Disney presentation."[77]Harrison's Reports felt the film was "another Walt Disney masterpiece. It should prove a delight, not only to children, but also to every adult. The animation is so good that the characters appear almost natural."[78]
Giving the film3+1⁄2 stars out of 4,Gene Siskel of theChicago Tribune noted the "drawing of Tinkerbelle [sic] and the flamboyance of Captain Hook" as well as the "quality music mixed with appropriate animation" were the film's major highlights.[79]Michael Jackson citedPeter Pan as his favorite film, and from it he derived the name of his estate,Neverland Ranch, inSanta Barbara, California, where he had a privateamusement park.Ronald D. Moore, one of the executive producers of there-imaginedBattlestar Galactica, has cited this film as the inspiration for the series' theme of thecyclical nature of time, using the film's opening line, "All of this has happened before and it will all happen again", as a key tenet of the culture's scripture. On thereview aggregator websiteRotten Tomatoes, 79% of 42 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7/10. The website's consensus reads: "Though it doesn't delve deeply into the darkness of J. M. Barrie's tale,Peter Pan is a heartwarming, exuberant film with some great tunes."[80]
Controversy
Peter Pan has been criticized in recent decades[when?] for its broadly stereotypical treatment of Native Americans.
In 1995,Eric Goldberg, director of that year's Disney animated romancePocahontas, expressed his belief that "all the Indians [in the 1953 film] were caricatures".[81]
In particular, the song "What Made the Red Man Red?" has been removed from television airings of the film[82] and widely described as "racist" since 2014.[83][84][85][86][87] Its lyrics claim that Native American men are "red" due to "the very first Injun prince" blushing after kissing a "maid". It also contains usage of the word "squaw", gibberish utterances,[88][89] and a mocking explanation of theLakota greetingháu.[87][90][91] The visuals includetipis,drumming, tobbaccoceremonial pipes, and the Inuiteskimo kiss. Multiple characters use the word "squaw" throughout the film, in reference to two different Native women as well as protagonist Wendy.
The Native American tribe was not included in the 2002 sequelReturn to Never Land, but they were included in atie-in video game and are referenced by a brief shot of Peter Pan flying by atotem pole.
AnimatorMarc Davis was quoted in the 2007 audio commentary: "I'm not sure we would have done the Indians if we were making this movie now. And if we had, we wouldn't do them the way we did back then."[32][92]
In 2021, the film was one of several that Disney limited to viewers 7 years and older on their streaming serviceDisney+. They cited the film's depictions of Native American characters that were "stereotypical" and not "authentic", and references to them as "redskins".[93]
Disney Fairies is a series ofchildren's books published byRandom House, which featuresTinker Bell and her friends. It also has a film series starting in 2008 with the self-titled film about Tinker Bell.
Peter Pan, Wendy, Captain Hook, Mr. Smee, and the Pirates were featured in a scene during Disneyland's original version ofFantasmic! from 1992 to 2016.
Ice shows
Disney on Ice began its touring production ofPeter Pan in Fall 1989. The production went on to tour nationally & internationally, from 1989 to 1993. The production featured a pre-recorded soundtrack with all the film's songs and character voices.
A shortened version of the story is presented in the current Disney on Ice productionMickey & Minnie's Amazing Journey. The show began in Fall 2003 & is currently on tour nationally. It features the songs "You Can Fly!", "Following the Leader", "Your Mother and Mine", "A Pirate's Life", "The Elegant Captain Hook" & "The Second Star to the Right".
Video games
Peter Pan: Adventures in Never Land is an adventure game in which Peter Pan and Tinker Bell are after a hidden treasure, before Captain Hook reach the treasure first.
Peter Pan, Tinker Bell, Wendy, John, Michael and Captain Hook are playable characters inDisney Magic Kingdoms, being unlocked during the progress of the main storyline of the game.[100][101]
Board game
Walt Disney's Peter Pan: A Game of Adventure (1953) is a Transogram Company Inc. trackboard game based upon the film. The game was one of many toys that exploited the popularity of Walt Disney's post–World War II movies.[102] The object of the game is to be the first player to travel from the Darlings' house toNeverland and back to the Darlings' house.
Play begins at the Darlings' house in the upper left hand corner of the game board. Each player moves, in turn, the number of spaces along the track indicated by his spin of the dial. When a player reaches the Never Isle, he selects a character from the film (Peter, Wendy, Michael, or John) and receives the instruction card for that character. The player follows his chosen character's track on the board, obeying instructions upon the character's card. The player is also obligated to follow any instructions on those spaces he lands upon after spinning the dial during the course of his turn at play. The first player who travels from Never Land to Skull Rock and along the Stardust Trail to Captain Hook's ship, and returns to the Darlings' house is declared the winner.
The board game makes an appearance in the 1968 version ofYours, Mine and Ours as a Christmas present.
Musical
Disney's Peter Pan Jr is a one-hour children's musical based on the Disney Peter Pan movie with some updated material. It became available for school and children's theatre productions in 2013 after several pilot productions.[103]
Sequels
This was Disney's firstPeter Pan film. In the early 2000s, aPeter Pan franchise was spawned, involving a number of other animated releases. The franchise also included:
TheTinker Bell film series: A spin-off and prequel to thePeter Pan films.Disneytoon Studios produced a number ofTinker Bell films, including six feature-length straight-to-home video films, and two shorts.
The television seriesJake and the Never Land Pirates includes Hook and Smee as main characters, and is set in Never Land, some time after the events ofPeter Pan. Tick-Tock the Crocodile appears as a recurring character in the series. Peter, Tinker Bell, Wendy, Michael and John also appear as guest characters.
In April 2016, following the individual financial and critical successes ofMaleficent,Cinderella, andThe Jungle Book, a number oflive-action adaptations ofWalt Disney Pictures' classic animated films were announced to be in development.The Walt Disney Company announced that a live actionPeter Pan film was in development, withDavid Lowery serving as director, with a script he co-wrote with Toby Halbrooks.[104] In July 2018, it was reported that the feature length film would be released exclusively on the company's streaming service,Disney+.[citation needed] It has since been said that the film may instead get a theatrical release.[105]
In January 2020, casting was underway while the film was retitledPeter Pan and Wendy.Joe Roth and Jim Whitaker will serve as producers. Principal photography was scheduled to commence on April 17, 2020, in Canada and in London, United Kingdom.[106] By March, Alexander Molony and Ever Anderson were cast as Peter Pan and Wendy, respectively.[105] Later that month however, filming on all Disney projects were halted due to theCOVID-19 pandemic and industry restrictions worldwide.[107] In July 2020,Jude Law entered early negotiations to portray Captain Hook, and was officially cast two months later.[108][109]Joaquin Phoenix,Adam Driver, andWill Smith were all previously on the short-list of actors being considered for the role, though each of them ultimately passed on the opportunity.[110] In September 2020,Yara Shahidi was cast as Tinker Bell.[111] In October 2020, Alyssa Wapanatâhk was cast in the role ofTiger Lily.[112] In January 2021,Jim Gaffigan joined the film's cast as Mr. Smee.[113] On March 16, 2021, the same day that principal photography officially began,Alan Tudyk,Molly Parker, Joshua Pickering, and Jacobi Jupe were announced to play Mr. Darling, Mrs. Darling, John Darling, and Michael Darling, respectively.[114]
In December 2020, it was announced that the film would be debuting on Disney+.[115] Filming began on March 16, 2021, in Vancouver, Canada, and was expected to wrap on June 30, 2021.[citation needed] Additional filming took place on theBonavista Peninsula ofNewfoundland and Labrador, in August 2021.[116][117]Peter Pan & Wendy was released on Disney+ on April 28, 2023.[118][119][120][121]
70th Anniversary
Various products were released, themed after the 70th anniversary, in 2023. Products include a mug, a pin, and POP! figures. In addition, a 70th anniversary edition Blu-ray released as a Disney Movie Club exclusive.[71] The Blu-ray includes a restored version of the film and a bonus disc containing the featurette "In Walt's Words: Peter Pan".
^abKorkis, Jim (September 2, 2022)."The Animated Hans Conried".Cartoon Research.Archived from the original on October 31, 2023. RetrievedNovember 1, 2023.
^Barrier, Michael; Gray, Milton (February 11, 2016)."Jack Kinney and Jane Kinney (1976)".MichaelBarrier.com (Interview).Archived from the original on April 11, 2023. RetrievedAugust 25, 2017.
^"Digital Spy".Digital Spy. June 24, 2018.Archived from the original on October 26, 2018. RetrievedOctober 25, 2018.This scene often gets cut when it appears on TV.
Burnes, Brian; Viets, Dan; Butler, Robert W. (2002).Walt Disney's Missouri: The Roots of a Creative Genius. Kansas City Star Books.ISBN978-0-9717-0806-8.
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