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Peruvian Communist Party Partido Comunista Peruano[a]
Abbreviation	PCP[b]
Secretary-General	Domingo Cabrera Toro
Founder	José Carlos Mariátegui
Founded	9 April 1928 (1928-04-09)
Headquarters	Ramón Castilla Square,Lima,Peru
Youth wing	JCP[c]
Ideology	Communism Marxism–Leninism Mariáteguism
Political position	Far-left
National affiliation	JP (2017–present)
Regional affiliation	São Paulo Forum
International affiliation	IMCWP WAP[1]
Website
pcp.pe
Politics of Peru Political parties Elections

ThePeruvian Communist Party (Spanish:Partido Comunista Peruano;PCP) is acommunist party inPeru that was founded as thePeruvian Socialist Party (Partido Socialista Peruano,PSP) in 1928 by a group led byJosé Carlos Mariátegui until its name change in 1930. In contemporary Peruvian politics, it is often referred to as thePeruvian Communist Party – Unity (Spanish:Partido Comunista Peruano – Unidad;PCP (Unidad)) to distinguish it fromsimilarly named communist parties.

The PCP is headquartered atRamón Castilla Square inLima, and publishesUnidad ("Unity") andNuestra Bandera ("Our Flag"). The party participates in the annualInternational Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties (IMCWP).^[2]

The group was originally founded as the Peruvian Socialist Party (PSP) in 1928 by a group of nine socialist sympathisers (known as the "Group of Lima"), which includedMarxist philosopher and journalistJosé Carlos Mariátegui,^[3] and formally changed its name in 1930, following Mariátegui's death and his succession byEudocio Ravines [es] as party leader.

Following a period of outright illegality, the group gradually incorporated itself into the legal political scene during the 1960s, which led to the disappointment with its so-called bureaucratic and collaborationist character, believing thatguerrilla warfare was the only path to the establishment of asocialist state. In 1962, a faction split and formed theNational Liberation Army (ELN) a year later, which led such a military campaign until its defeat by 1965.

In 1963, the ongoingSino-Soviet split separated the PCP into two rival factions, onepro-Soviet and the otherpro-Chinese. The latter subsequently split from the Peruvian Communist Party in January 1964 and adopted the name "Peruvian Communist Party – Red Flag" (PCP-BR).^[4] The party was originally led bySaturnino Paredes,José Sotomayor, andAbimael Guzmán.^[5][6] Due to internal disagreements among the party's three leaders, the party expelled several of its members in its early history. Two parties subsequently emerged from a 1969 split in the party: theCommunist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland (PCP-PR) and theCommunist Party of Peru – Shining Path (PCP-SL)^[d] led by Guzmán. Afterwards, Paredes became the party's sole leader and renamed the party "Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist)". In response to theSino-Albanian split, the party dropped its commitment toMaoism and aligned itself with theParty of Labour of Albania andHoxhaism. In 1978, the "PCP-Mayoría" faction split from the PCP to form a more pro-Soviet branch, as it considered that the PCP had adoptedEurocommunism instead, operating until the 1980s.

Following thedissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the PCP and other communist parties in Peru have since participated at a much smaller level in the country's politics, mainly through broad left-wing political alliances. In the2011 general election, the party took part in the successfulPeru Wins alliance ofOllanta Humala.

Jorge del Prado was the party's general secretary from 1966 to 1991. The PCP is currently led by Roberto de La Cruz Huamán.

• Communism in Peru

• Official website of the Peruvian Communist Party
• Old website of the Peruvian Communist Party

• 1928 establishments in Peru
• Comintern sections
• Communist parties in Peru
• Formerly banned communist parties
• International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties
• Political parties established in 1928
• Political parties in Peru
• São Paulo Forum

• Articles containing Spanish-language text
• CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)
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