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Persistent programming language

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Programming languages that natively and seamlessly allowobjects to continue existing after theprogram has been closed down are calledpersistent programming languages.JADE is one such language.

A persistent programming language is a programming language extended with constructs to handle persistent data. It is distinguished from embedded SQL in at least two ways:

In a persistent programming language:

The query language is fully integrated with the host language and both share the sametype system.
Any format changes required between the host language and the database are carried out transparently.

In Embedded SQL:

Where the host language anddata manipulation language have different type systems, code conversion operates outside of the OO type system, and hence has a higher chance of having undetected errors.
Format conversion must be handled explicitly and takes a substantial amount of code.

Using Embedded SQL, a programmer is responsible for writing explicit code to fetch data into memory or store data back to the database. In a persistent programming language, a programmer can manipulate persistent data without having to write such code explicitly.

The drawbacks of persistent programming languages include:

While they are powerful, it is easy to make programming errors that damage the database.
It is harder to do automatic high-level optimization.
They do not support declarative querying well.

Examples

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References

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^Greenes, Robert; Pappalardo, A Neil; Marble, Curt W; Barnett, G Octo (1969). "Design and implementation of a clinical data management system".Comput Biomed Res.5 (Oct):469–85.doi:10.1016/0010-4809(69)90012-3.PMID 11697375.
^"Jade Software delivers Jade 7.1".ZDnet. Retrieved21 December 2019.
^"Quit Command | ObjectScript Tutorial | Caché & Ensemble 2018.1.4 & 2018.1.5".

Programming paradigms

Imperative

Structured	Jackson structures Block-structured Modular Non-structured Procedural Programming in the large and in the small Design by contract Invariant-based Nested function
Object-oriented	Class-based,Prototype-based,Object-based Agent Immutable object Persistent Uniform function call syntax

Declarative

Functional	Recursive Anonymous function (Partial application) Higher-order Purely functional Total Strict GADTs Dependent types Functional logic Point-free style Expression-oriented Applicative,Concatenative Function-level,Value-level Monad
Dataflow	Flow-based Reactive (Functional reactive) Signals Streams Synchronous
Logic	Abductive logic Answer set Constraint (Constraint logic) Inductive logic Nondeterministic Ontology Probabilistic logic Query
Domain- specific language (DSL)	Algebraic modeling Array Automata-based (Action) Command (Spacecraft) Differentiable End-user Grammar-oriented Interface description Language-oriented List comprehension Low-code Modeling Natural language Non-English-based Page description Pipes andfilters Probabilistic Quantum Scientific Scripting Set-theoretic Simulation Stack-based System Tactile Templating Transformation (Graph rewriting,Production,Pattern) Visual