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Persian-Sassanide art patterns have similarities with the art of theBulgars,Khazars, and Saka-Scythians, and have recurred in Asia. They predominantly feature motifs of fighting animals. Gold was frequently used as a base for their art creations.
The characteristic patterns ofPersian-Sassanide art exhibit similarities to the art of theBulgars,[1]Khazars, and Saka-Scythian, and have recurred at different locations in theCentral Asia region. A "griffin fighting anelk" motif from theTreasure of Nagyszentmiklós, found in 1799 in what is todayRomania, bears similarities with another griffin & elk motif discovered in the tombs ofHsiung-nu[2] (earlyHuns, alsoXiongnu) during ColonelPyotr Kuzmich Kozlov[3][4] expedition (1907–09) nearUrga (OuterMongolia).[5][6][7]
Agold symbolization of "animals-in-fight" has been also found in the vicinity of the city ofTurpan,[8] the principal crossroad of the northernSilk Road.Golden "animals-in-fight" have also been identified as 3rd – 2nd century B.C.Mongolia (or southernSiberia), being characteristic ofHsiung-nu orXiongnu.
The early history of theNomads is not well recorded, which changed after their contact with cultures possessing written history.Nomadic people of the vast steppes ofAsia were a major force in history.[9] Their power was not in the empires they built, but rather the turmoil they created amongancient civilizations such asChina orPersia, impacting their historical development substantially.[10] It is believed that thenomads ranged widely, forever moving on for sake of richer grazing for their horses and sheep.[citation needed]Migrations were often seasonal. Their skill at extractinggold was unprecedented.[citation needed] In summer, during the tribe's seasonal migration, afleece would be weighted on a riverbed to collect particles ofalluvialgold. Upon the tribes' return, thefleece would be sheared, burned, and agold ingot the size of a horse's hoof would result.[citation needed] Thetay tayak (the horse's hoof) was a unit of gold for a long period, which was used as a measure of an amount of golden metal rather than money, since gold was not fabricated as currency.[citation needed] Using gold was a spiritual practice, as emblems of priestly office, prizes for physical prowess in ritual sport, or as adornment of the sacral ceremony of marriage.[11]
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