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Periciazine

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Typical antipsychotic medication

Pharmaceutical compound
Periciazine
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		Oral
Drug classTypical antipsychotic
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
MetabolismHepatic (mostly via conjugation)[2]
Eliminationhalf-life12 h[2]
ExcretionRenal[2]
Identifiers
  • 10-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl]-10H-phenothiazine-2-carbonitrile
CAS Number
PubChemCID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.018.248Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC21H23N3OS
Molar mass365.50 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • C1CN(CCC1O)CCCN2C3=CC=CC=C3SC4=C2C=C(C=C4)C#N
  • InChI=1S/C21H23N3OS/c22-15-16-6-7-21-19(14-16)24(18-4-1-2-5-20(18)26-21)11-3-10-23-12-8-17(25)9-13-23/h1-2,4-7,14,17,25H,3,8-13H2 ☒N
  • Key:LUALIOATIOESLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Periciazine (INN), also known aspericyazine (BAN) orpropericiazine, is adrug that belongs to thephenothiazine class oftypical antipsychotics.[3]

Periciazine is not approved for sale in theUnited States. It is commonly sold inCanada,Italy andRussia under the tradenameNeuleptil and inUnited Kingdom andAustralia under the tradenameNeulactil.[4]

Medical uses

[edit]

The primary uses of periciazine include in the short-term treatment of severeanxiety or tension and in the maintenance treatment ofpsychotic disorders such asschizophrenia. There is insufficient evidence to determine whether periciazine is more or less effective than other antipsychotics.[2] Dopamine receptor subtype analysis has not been performed for pericyazine, but the drug appears to induce greater noradrenergic than dopaminergic blockade (Nishikawa 1989). Compared to chlorpromazine, pericyazine reportedly has more potent antiemetic, antiserotonin, and anticholinergic activity.[5] A 2014systematic review compared periciazine with typical antipsychotics for schizophrenia:

Periciazine versus typical antipsychotic for schizophrenia[5]
Summary
On the basis of very low quality evidence it is not possible to determine the effects of periciazine in comparison with antipsychotics such aschlorpromazine ortrifluoperazine for the treatment of schizophrenia. There is some evidence, however, that periciazine may be associated with a higher incidence ofextrapyramidal side effects than other antipsychotics.[5]
OutcomeFindings in wordsFindings in numbersQuality of evidence
Global state
Not improved
Follow-up: 6-12 weeks		Periciazine may increase the risk of being 'not improved', but, at present it is not possible to be confident about the difference between people receiving periciazine and those given chlorpromazine or trifluoperazine. Data supporting this finding are very limited.RR 1.24 (0.93 to 1.66)Very low
Adverse events
Extrapyramidal side effect
Follow-up: 6-12 weeks		Periciazine may reduce the chance of experiencing the movement disorder, compared with chlorpromazine or trifluoperazine, but, at present there is only very limited data supporting this finding.RR 0.59 (0.38 to 0.89)Very low
Leaving the study early
For any reasons
Follow-up: 9-12 weeks		Periciazine may reduce the chance of leaving the study early, but, at present it is not possible to be confident about the difference between the two treatments and data supporting this finding are very limited.RR 0.46 (0.11 to 1.9)Very low
Missing outcomes
No study reported any data on outcomes such as relapse, mental state, cost-effectiveness, and information relating to behavior

Periciazine has also been studied in the treatment ofopioid dependence.[6]

Adverse effects

[edit]

Periciazine is a rathersedating andanticholinergicantipsychotic, and despite being classed with the typical antipsychotics, its risk ofextrapyramidal side effects is comparatively low.[7] It has a relatively high risk of causinghyperprolactinaemia and a moderate risk of causingweight gain andorthostatic hypotension.[7]

Synthesis

[edit]
Thieme Patent (Ex V):[8]

The final step in the synthesis involves the alkylation of 3-(2-cyanophenothiazin-10-yl)propyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate,CID:134990672 (1) with 4-Piperidinol [5382-16-1] (2) giving Periciazine (3).

References

[edit]
  1. ^Anvisa (2023-03-31)."RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese).Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04).Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved2023-08-16.
  2. ^abcd"NEULACTIL PRODUCT INFORMATION"(PDF).TGA eBusiness Services. sanofi-aventis australia pty ltd. 13 September 2011. Retrieved2 November 2013.
  3. ^Stępnicki P, Kondej M, Kaczor AA (August 2018)."Current Concepts and Treatments of Schizophrenia".Molecules.23 (8). Basel, Switzerland: 2087.doi:10.3390/molecules23082087.PMC 6222385.PMID 30127324.
  4. ^"Pericyazine".Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. 23 September 2011. Retrieved2 November 2013.
  5. ^abcMatar HE, Almerie MQ, Makhoul S, Xia J, Humphreys P (May 2014)."Pericyazine for schizophrenia".The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2014 (5) CD007479.doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007479.pub2.PMC 11023599.PMID 24825770.
  6. ^Sivolap I, Savchenkov VA (1999). "[The use of neuroleptics in treating opiate dependence]".Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (in Russian).99 (6):29–34.PMID 10441864.
  7. ^ab"Approximate relative frequency (not intensity) of common adverse effects of antipsychotics (Table 8.21) [NB1]".eTherapeutic Guidelines complete. Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. February 2013. Retrieved2 November 2013.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^US 3075976, Georges RJ, Michel JR, "Phenthiazine derivatives", issued 29 January 1963, assigned to Rhone Poulenc SA 

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