Peada (died 656), a son ofPenda, was brieflyKing of southernMercia after his father's death in November 655[1] and until his own death at the hands of his wife in the spring of the next year.
Around the year 653, Peada was made king of theMiddle Angles by his father, Penda.Bede, describing Peada as "an excellent youth, and most worthy of the title and person of a king", wrote that he sought to marryEalhflæd of Bernicia, the daughter of KingOswiu of Northumbria; Oswiu, however, made this conditional upon Peada'sbaptism andconversion toChristianity, along with the Middle Angles (Peada was, at this time, still apagan, like his father). Bede says that Peada eagerly accepted conversion:
When he heard the preaching of truth, the promise of the heavenly kingdom, and the hope of resurrection and future immortality, he declared that he would willingly become a Christian, even though he should be refused the virgin; being chiefly prevailed on to receive the faith by KingOswy's sonAifrid, who was his relation and friend, and had married his sisterCyneburga, the daughter of King Penda.
Peada was subsequently baptized byFinan of Lindisfarne, and this was followed by a campaign to convert Peada's people:
Accordingly he was baptized by Bishop Finan, with all his earls and soldiers, and their servants, that came along with him, at a noted village belonging to the king, called At the Wall. And having received four priests, who for their erudition and good life were deemed proper to instruct and baptize his nation, he returned home with much joy. These priests wereCedd and Adda, and Betti andDiuma; the last of whom was by nation aScot, the others English. Adda was brother to Utta, [...] a renowned priest, and abbot of the monastery of Gateshead. The aforesaid priests, arriving in the province with the prince, preached the word, and were willingly listened to; and many, as well of the nobility as the common sort, renouncing the abominations of idolatry, were baptized daily.[2]
On 15 November 655,[1] Oswiu defeated and killed Penda at theBattle of the Winwaed, and consequently he came to exercise power in Mercia. According to Bede, Oswiu allowed Peada to rule the southern part of Mercia; southern Mercia consisted of 5,000 families, Bede reports, while northern Mercia was populated by 7,000 families, and the two were divided by theRiver Trent.[3]
In his time they came together, [Peada] and Oswy, brother of KingOswald, and declared that they wished to establish aminster in praise of Christ and in honor of St Peter. And they did so, and gave it the name Medeshamstede, because there is a spring there called Medeswael. And then they began the foundations and built upon them, and then entrusted it to a monk who was called Seaxwulf. He was a great friend of God, and all people loved him, and he was very nobly born in the world and powerful. He is now much more powerful with Christ.[4]
However, theChronicle continues, "Peada ruled no length of time, because he was betrayed by his own queen at Eastertide";[4] Bede also reports that Peada was "very wickedly killed" through his wife's treachery "during the very time of celebrating Easter" in 656. Bede also gives the name of Peada’s wife: Ealhflæd, the daughter of Oswiu.[3]
^Keynes, Simon (2014). "Appendix I: Rulers of the English, c.450–1066". InLapidge, Michael (ed.).The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.ISBN978-0-470-65632-7.
^Kirby, D. P.The Earliest English Kings. London and New York: Routledge.ISBN978-0-4152-4211-0.
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