Pavani (pronounced pāvani, meaningthe purifier) is arāgam inCarnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 41stmelakarta rāgam in the 72melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is calledKumbhini inMuthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.^[1]

It is the 5th rāgam in the 7thchakra Rishi. The mnemonic name isRishi-Ma. The mnemonic phrase issa ra ga mi pa dhi nu.^[2] Itsārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (seeswaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

• ārohaṇa:S R₁ G₁ M₂ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ[a]
• avarohaṇa:Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₂ G₁ R₁ S[b]

The notes used in this scale areshuddha rishabham, shuddha gandharam, prati madhyamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham andkakali nishadham. It is asampurna rāgam – a rāgam that has all sevenswaras (notes). It is theprati madhyamam equivalent ofManavati, which is the 5thmelakarta scale.

Chandrajyoti is ajanya rāgam (derived scale) that is associated with it, in whichThyagaraja has composed couple of songs. SeeList ofjanya rāgams for a full list ofPavani's janyas.

• Sachidanandamaya byMuthuswami Dikshitar
• Anjaade byKoteeswara Iyer
• Jaya Dhanada Sakha byM. Balamuralikrishna

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Pavani's notes when shifted usingGraha bhedam does not yield any othermelakarta.Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting theshadjam to the next note in the rāgam.

This is obvious for the 6Rishi chakra rāgams (Salagam,Jalarnavam,Jhalavarali,Navaneetam andRaghupriya being the other 5), as they have 3 missing notes between G1 and M2. Since no otherswara pair in rules ofmelakarta rāgams have a 3 note gap,Graha bhedam yields only invalid scales within those rules.

• Melakarta ragas

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